pharmacology general concepts Flashcards
pharmakon definition
a magical substance, treatment, or poison
pharmacology definition
science dealing with the fate of drugs in the body and their biological actions within the body
primary action of drugs:
therapeutic effects
secondary action of drugs”
side effects (adverse reactions)
what is a drug?
any substance or mixture of substances for use in:
1. diagnosis, treatment, mitigation, prevention of a disease, disorder, or abnormal physical state, or its symptoms
2. restoring, correcting or modifying organic functions
3. disinfection in premises in which food is manufactured, prepared, or kept
FDA regulations apply to:
- pharmaceuticals
- biologically-derived products (biologics)
- disinfectants
- natural health products
routes of administration (4)
- surface
- inhalation
- enteral (gastrointestinal)
- parenteral (injection)
routes of enteral administration
p.o.
s.l.
p.r.
parenteral routes of administration
s.c.
i.m.
i.v.
i.a.
a.c.
before meals
ad lib
as much as desired, freely
b.i.d.
twice a day
q.i.d.
four times a day
h.s.
at bedtime
i.m.
intramuscular
i.v.
intravenous
OTC
over the counter
p.c.
after meals
p.o.
by mouth, orally
p.r.
rectally
p.r.n.
as needed
p.v.
vaginally
q.
every hour
q.d.
daily
