Pharmacology Finals Flashcards
1
Q
Drug sources
A
Plants, Animal products, minerals, synthetic
2
Q
Pharmacodynamics
A
How the drug affects the body
3
Q
Pharmacokinetics
A
How the body reacts to the drug
4
Q
Half-life
A
- The time it takes for the drug to decrease to half in the body
- How long it takes the drug to be removed in the body COMPLETELY
- Need to know if the patient needs to keep taking the drug
5
Q
Teratogenic
A
Pregnancy Side effects
6
Q
Loading dose
A
A dose higher than what was given last
7
Q
Why is Pharmacology important to nurses?
A
Nurses are responsible for:
- Administering medications
- Assessing drug effects
- Educating patients about the drugs
- Monitor care plan to prevent medication error
8
Q
Oral
A
PO
9
Q
Sublingual
A
SL
10
Q
Subcutaneous
A
SQ
11
Q
Intramuscular
A
IM
12
Q
Intravenous
A
IV
13
Q
Urgent
A
stat
14
Q
Before meals
A
AC
15
Q
After meals
A
PC
15
Q
Once a day
A
qd
16
Q
Twice a day
A
b.i.d
17
Q
Thrice a day
A
t.i.d
18
Q
four times a day
A
q.i.d
19
Q
before bed
A
hs
20
Q
every hour
A
qh
21
Q
Absorption of drugs
A
- movement of a drug into the bloodstream
- first pass effect (metabolized in the liver)
22
Q
Distribution of drug
A
Drug into the bloodstream into various tissues in the body
23
Q
Metabolism (?)
A
- (bio transfer)
- liver is the primary site of metabolism
24
Excretion of a drug
- fecal
- urinary
- sweat
- saliva
- breastmilk
25
Principles of medication administration
- BCCNM standards
- Organization / employer policies
- Provincial / federal position
26
Most common cause of patient injury
- Confusion among dosage
- formulations
- guidelines & who to administer to
- Calculation errors / errors with measuring devices
27
Autonomy (own self decision)
Challenge wrong orders and get clarification
28
Polypharmacy
- Multiple meds taken
- smaller doses as a rule for older adults
29
Medication reconciliation
check before and after administering meds to avoid error
30
7-10 rights of medication administration
- right patient = 2 identifiers
- right medication = medication label/order
- right dose = right calculation
- right route = where to take
- right time = check frequency
- right documentation
- right reason = why are they taking this
- right to refuse (patient refuses meds)
- right to educate (educate patients)
- right to evaluate (assess patient's reaction to the meds)
31
Medicine cup
5-30mL (liquid)
32
soufflé cup
for tablets
33
Generic name
Chemical
34
Trade name
given by manufacturer
(e.g. tylenol)
35
Holistic
Overall well-being
36
37
FDA
food drugs administration
38
39
40
