Pharmacology Final Study Questions Flashcards
A provider prescribes phenobarbital for a client who has a seizure disorder. The medication has a long half life of four days. How many times per day should the nurse expect to administer this medication?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
A
The nurse educator is reviewing medication metabolism at an in service presentation. Which of the following factors should the educator include as a reason to administer lower medication dosages? Select all that apply
A. Increased renal excretion
B. Increase medication metabolizing enzymes
C. Peripheral vascular disease
D. Concurrent use of medication the same pathway metabolizes
C
The nurse is preparing to administer eye drops to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply
A. Have the client lie on one side.
B. Tell the client to blink when the drop enters the eye.
C. Drop the medication into the client’s conjunctival sac.
D. Ask the client to look up at the ceiling.
E. Instruct the client to close the eye gently after installation.
B, D, E
A nurse is teaching a client about transdermal patches. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client understands?
A. I will clean the site with an alcohol swab before I apply the patch.
B. I will rotate the application sites weekly.
C. I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair.
D. I will place the new patch on the site of the old patch.
C
A nurse reviewing the clients medical record notes a new prescription for verifying the trough level of a client’s medication. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Obtain a blood specimen immediately prior to administering the next dose of medication.
B. Verify that the client has been taking the medication for 24 hours before obtaining a blood specimen.
C. Ask the client to provide a urine specimen after the next dose of medication.
D. Administer the medication, and obtain a blood specimen 30 minutes later.
A
A nurse is preparing a client’s medications. Which of the following actions should the nurse take in following the legal practice guidelines? Select all that apply.
A. teach the client about the medication.
B. Determine the dosage.
C. Monitor for adverse effects.
D. Lock compartments for controlled substances.
E. Determine the client’s insurance status.
A, C, D
A nurse is preparing to administer digoxin to a client who states I don’t want to take that medication. I do not want one more pill. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
A. The physician prescribed it for you, so you should really take it.
B. Well, let’s just get over it quickly, then.
C. OK, I’ll just give you the other medications.
D. Tell me your concerns about taking this medication.
D
A nurse is reviewing a client’s prescribed medications. Which of the following situations represents a contraindication to medication administration?
A. The client drank grapefruit juice, which could reduce a medications’ effectiveness.
B. The medication has orthostatic hypotension as an adverse effect.
C. A medication is approved for ages 12 and older, and the client is 8 years old.
D. An antianxiety medicine that has an adverse effect of drowsiness is prescribed as a preoperative sedative.
C
A nurse is assessing a client before administering medications. Which of the following data should the nurse obtain? Select all that apply.
A. Use of herbal products
B. Daily fluid intake
C. Ability to swallow
D. Previous surgical history
E. Allergies
A, C, E
A nurse is working with a newly licensed nurse who is administering medications to clients. Which of the following actions should the nurse identify as an indication that the newly hired licensed nurse understands medication error prevention?
A. Taking all medication out of the unit dose wrappers before entering the client’s room
B. Checking the prescription when a single administration of multiple tablets
C. Administering a medication, then looking up the usual dosage range
D. relying on another nurse to clarify medication prescription
B
A nurse in a clinic is caring for a group of clients. The nurse should contact the provider about a potential contraindication to a medication for which of the following clients? Select all that apply.
A. A client at 8 weeks of gestation who asked for an influenza immunization
B. A client who takes prednisone and has a possible fungal infection
C. A client who has chronic liver disease and is taking hydrocodone/acetaminophen
D. A client who has peptic ulcer disease, takes sucralfate has started taking l OTC aluminum hydroxide
E. A client who has a prosthetic heart valve, takes warfarin and reports a suspected pregnancy
B,C,E
A nurse is preparing to administer an IM dose of penicillin to a client who has a new prescription. The client states when they took penicillin three years ago, they developed a rash. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Administer the prescribed dose.
B Withhold the medication.
C. Ask the provider to change the prescription to an oral form.
D. Administer an oral antihistamine at the same time.
B
A nurse is instructing a client who has a new prescription for timolol how to insert eye drops. The nurse should instruct the client to press on which of the following areas to prevent systemic absorption of the medication?
A. Bony orbit
B Nasolacrimal duct
C. Conjunctival sac
D. Outer canthus
B. Pressing on the nasolacimal duct blocks the lacrimal punctum and prevents systemic absorption of the medication
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for brimonidine ophthalmic drops and wears soft contact lenses. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. This medication can stain your contacts.
B. This medication can cause your pupils to constrict.
C. This medication can absorb into your contacts.
D. This medication can slow your heart rate.
C. Brimonidine can absorb into soft contacts lens. Remove the contacts, then instill the medication and wait at least 15 minutes before putting the contacts back in.
A nurse in an emergency department is reviewing the medical record of a client who’s being evaluated for angle-closure glaucoma. Which of the following findings are indicative of this condition?
A. Insidious onset of painless loss of vision
B. Gradual reduction in peripheral vision
C. Severe pain around the eyes
D. Intraocular pressure 12 mm HG
C. Severe pain around the eyes that radiates over the face is a symptom or manifestation of acute angle-closure glaucoma.
A nurse is teaching a client who will begin taking aluminum hydroxide. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. If Constipation develops, switch to a calcium based antacid.
B. Alternate the aluminum and acid with a magnesium based one to achieve a normal bowel pattern if Constipation occurs.
C. This medication increases the risk for pneumonia.
D. Have your magnesium level monitored while taking this medication.
B. Alternate the aluminum and acid with a magnesium based one to achieve a normal bowel pattern if Constipation occurs
A nurse is teaching a client who takes phenytoin and has a new prescription for sucralfate tablets. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A. Take an antacid with the sucralfate.
B. Take sucralfate with a glass of milk.
C. Allow a two-hour interval between these medications.
D. Chew the sucralfate thoroughly before swallowing.
C. Allow a two-hour interval between these medications. (because this can interfere with absorption)
What is the normal phenytoin (dilantin level)
10-20
Latanoprost belongs in what class of drugs?
Prostaglandin analog
What condition is latanoprost used for?
To treat glaucoma- first-line treatment for primary open-angle glaucoma POAG and ocular hypertension
- closed angle glaucoma is worse than open angle because it is sudden & causes the pressure to rise in the eye quickly) the normal pressure by tonometry is 12-21 mmHg
What is the generic drug isotretinoin used for what condition?
Treatment for severe recalcitrant nodular acne-nodules are inflammatory with a diameter> 5mm
What are contraindications for isotretinoin?
Pregnancy-if taken, can cause severe birth defects, Black Box warning X, and tetracycline, vitamin A, and depressed or previous suicidal clients
What are nursing administration and teaching importance for isotretinoin?
Take with a meal and a full glass of water to avoid esophageal irritation-also, it takes 15–20 weeks to achieve prolonged remission of acne
What both the generic and trade name for tetracaine HCL?
Tetracaine HCL
