Pharmacology Exam 1

Question 1

Explain the interdisciplinary nature of pharmacology, giving an example of how knowledge from different sciences impacts the nurse’s role in drug administration.

Question 2

Identify the five drug schedules and give examples of drugs at each level. 2.3

Answer 2

Schedule I: Marijuana, ecstasy, heroin, LSD, and peyote.
Schedule II: Methamphetamine, cocaine, fentanyl, Vicodin, oxycodone, and Adderall.
Schedule III: Anabolic steroids, testosterone, and ketamine.
Schedule IV: Xanax, Ambien, Ativan, and Valium.
Schedule V: Cough suppressants.

Question 3

Identify the five categories of teratogenic drug classification (handout/PowerPoint)

Answer 3

Teratogenic drugs: A teratogen is an agent that can disturb the development of the embryo or fetus.
A and B are safe

Question 4

Compare and contrast traditional drugs, biologics, and complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies (PowerPoint)

Answer 4

Biologics are agents naturally produced in animal cells, by microorganisms, or by the body itself. Hormones, Monoclonal antibodies, Natural blood products and components! Interferin, Vaccines

COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE THERAPIES
Herbs, StJohn’sWort, Vitamins, B 12, Minerals, Selenium

Question 5

Explain the basis for placing drugs into therapeutic and pharmacologic classes 1.10

Question 6

Describe what is meant by a drug’s mechanism of action 1.2-1.3

Question 7

Distinguish among a drug’s chemical name, generic name, and trade name 1.8

Answer 7

1. Chemical
2. Generic (there is ONLY ONE generic name)
3. Trade (there can be MANY trade names, off brand names)

Question 8

Outline the major differences between prescription and over-the-counter drugs 1.8

Answer 8

Prescription drugs require that the recipient obtain a written order from a person with the legal authority to write such a prescription

Over the Counter Drugs- No health care provider appointment required. Often less expensive than prescription drugs

Question 9

Distinguish between anaphylaxis, side effects, and adverse effects 1.11

Question 10

Identify the four components of pharmacokinetics 1.2-1.6

Answer 10

Check notes

Question 11

Explain the applications of a drug’s onset, peak, and plasma half-life (t½) to the duration of pharmacotherapy 1.9

Answer 11

check notes

Question 12

Explain the applications of pharmacodynamics to nursing practice 1.7

Answer 12

Pharmacodynamics
● Def: how a medication changes the body
● Help to predict if drug will produce change
● Will ensure that drug will provide safe, effective treatment
● Combination of drug guides and intuitive experience will guide safe treatment

Question 13

Compare and contrast the terms potency and efficacy 1.10

Answer 13

Potency vs Efficacy vs Effectiveness
● Potency is the amount of drug that must be given to produce a result
● Efficacy is how well a drug can produce it effect
● Efficacy = maximum effect a drug can produce regardless of dose
● Potency = amount of drug needed to produce a given effect
● Effectiveness = how well drug works in real life

Question 14

Explain the applications of pharmacokinetics to clinical practice 1.2-1.6

Question 15

Discuss drug administration as a component of safe, effective nursing care, using the nursing process 2.5

Question 16

Explain how the six rights of drug administration affect patient safety 2.3

Question 17

Describe the Roles and Responsibilities of nurses regarding safe drug administration 2.2

Question 18

Give specific examples of how nurses can increase patient adherence in taking medications 2.5

Question 19

Interpret drug orders that contain abbreviations (in-class activity)

Question 20

Compare and contrast the three systems of measurement used in pharmacology (PowerPoint)

Question 21

Explain the proper methods of administering enteral, topical, parenteral drugs 1.3

Question 22

Compare advantages and disadvantages of each route of drug administration 1.3

Question 23

Identify health history questions to ask during the assessment phase that are pertinent to medication administration 2.5

Question 24

Explain the importance of the evaluation phase of the nursing process as applied to pharmacotherapy. 2.3

Question 25

Difference between OTC, RX and Herbal

Question 26

DEA requires the Schedule 1-5 medications

Question 27

Black box warning medications (what are they)

Question 28

First-pass effect- medications giving PO will cause the effect of medication abosrtion due to first-pass effect

Question 29

C450, what is it, it lives in the liver, has to do with drug-drug interactions.