Pharmacology- Drugs and Therapeutics Flashcards
What is a drug?
A chemical with a selective therapeutic action
What is pharmacology?
Science that deals with the study of drugs and their actions on living systems
What are the TWO integral branches of pharmacology?
Pharmocodynamics- What the drug does to the body- Drug action and mechanisms
Pharmocokinetics- What the body does to the drug- ADME
What does the Adrenergic receptor- beta (B-1) do?
- Increases heart rate
- Increases cardiac muscle’s force of contraction
This is the adrenaline effect on the heart
What does the adrenergic receptor- beta (B-2) do?
- Relaxes the airway
- Dilates smooth muscles
This is the adrenaline effect on the lungs
What is biological specficity in therapeutic action
Right target
What is chemical specifcity in therapeutic action
Right target binding site
What is biolgical specficity in adverse/side effects?
Non-specific binding site
What is chemical specificity in adverse/side effects?
Non-specific binding site
What is specificity?
Target binding sites (receptors and its subtypes) provides the selectivity for the specific binding of drugs/ligands (Lock and Key system)
What are the key drug binding sites?
- Drugs as enzyme inhibitors- blocks the enzyme activity
- Drugs as enzyme substrates
Give examples of drugs and their enzymes and how they block the process.
Drugs as enzyme inhibitors
- Sildenafil- targets the phosphodisterase enzyme and it blocks the
enzyme, which function is intracellular breakdown - Neostigmine- enzyme is Acetylcholine esterase and it will inhibit neurotransmitter degradation
- Ibuprofen (reversible), Aspirin (irreversible)- enzyme is cyclo-oxygenase and its function is messenger synthesis.
So the medication blocks that enzyme and then that will block the enzyme function/activity
Which out of aspirin and ibuprofen binds to an enzyme and is reversible and which is irreversible?
Aspirin- irreversible
Ibuprofen- reversible
What is reversible antagonists?
Readily dissociate from their receptor
What is irreversible antagonists?
Form a stable, permanent or nearly permanent chemical bond with their receptor.