Pharmacology - complementary medicine and medicines mx

Question 1

what cam is used in patients wit breast cancer?

Answer 1

soya, cranberry, camomile, glucosamine, grapefruit, black cohos and garlic

Question 2

what are te issues with using cam in pregnancy?

Answer 2

drug-herb interactions (13% suffer), no safety or efficacy data, teratogenesis, fetogenesis

Question 3

what drug does st.john’s wort interact with?

Answer 3

Warfarin.

Question 4

name the issues with herbal slimming products

Answer 4

Phenolphthalein (previously used as a laxative but is no longer authorised for sale in the UK because it may cause cancer) andSibutramine, previously used to treat obesity but no longer licensed due to its association with an increased risk of cardiovascular side effects such as heart attack and stroke.” also hallucinations and breathlessness.

Question 5

what is wrong wit Kava?

Answer 5

Used for anxiety and stress. Very hepatotoxic

Question 6

what is wrong with aristolochia?

Answer 6

Aristolochia species in herbal medicines was prohibited in the UK in 1999 because of the toxicity of the aristolochic acid constituents, which are nephrotoxic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic—even at very small doses. used in herbal medicines worldwide as anti-inflammatory agents for gout, arthritis, rheumatism, and chronic inflammatory skin diseases.

Question 7

Explain homeopathy

Answer 7

Hahnemann believed that “like cures like” and that minute concentrations of a particular toxin could cure the very same symptoms it would cause in larger doses.. A typical homeopathic dilution is 30X, where the X represents 10.
One part toxin is mixed with 10 parts water or alcohol.
The mix is shaken; one part of this mix is added to 10 parts of water or alcohol again; The whole process is repeated 30 times.attributed to “water memory”

Question 8

what is the basis of acupuncture?

Answer 8

Vital force called “Qi” which circulates along channels called meridians. There are 12main meridians, and these correspond to 12major functions or “organs” of the body. Balance of ying and yang.

Question 9

how does it help/does it help?

Answer 9

Stimulates pain fibres entering the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. These cause inhibition of pain impulses. Stimulate release of endogenous opioids and other neurotransmitters such as serotonin. Acupuncture is not more effective than other conventional and “alternative” treatments. The data suggest that acupuncture and dry-needling may be useful adjuncts to other therapies for chronic low-back pain.

Question 10

aromatherapy

Answer 10

The data do not undermine a hypothesis that aromatherapy massage is pleasant, slightly anxiolytic, and often enjoyable for patients in stressful situations. However, the data do not support a hypothesis that there may be legitimate clinical indications for the prescription of aromatherapy massage in a health care setting; it seems to have no lasting effects, good or bad. done by inhalation, massage, baths etc…