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Neuroscience II > Pharmacology - Centrally acting muscle relaxants > Flashcards

Pharmacology - Centrally acting muscle relaxants Flashcards

1
Q

Baclofen

A

Centrally acting spasmolytic
GABAb agonist–>hyperpol and inhibition
Less sedation than diazepam
Less muscle str reduction than dantrolene

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2
Q

Baclofen adverse effects

A

Drowsiness, incr seizure in epileptics, vertigo, dizziness, psychiatric disturbance, insomnia, slurred speech, ataxia, hypotonia, muscle weakness

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3
Q

Carisprodol

A 
Centrally acting spasmolytic
CNS depressant
Short term
Schedule IV
Metab by CYP2C19
Metab to meprobamate-->anxiolytic and sedative
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4
Q

Carisprodol adverse effects

A

Dizziness and drowsiness

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5
Q

Cyclobenzaprine

A 
Centrally acting spasmolytic
Influence alpha and gamma motor neurons
Reduce tonic somatic motor activity
Ineffective treating muscle spasm due to palsy or spinal cord injury
Metab by CYP450
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6
Q

Cyclobenzaprine adverse effects

A

Antimuscarinic side effects
Sedation, confusion, visual hallucinations
Drowsiness, dizziness, xerostomia

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7
Q

Diazepam

A

Centrally acting spasmolytic
Benzodiazepine
Enhance GABAa–>reduce spasticity
Sedation, hypnotic effects, muscle relaxations, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant

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8
Q

Diazepam adverse effects

A

CNS depression, dependence, amnestic

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9
Q

Tizanidine

A

Centrally acting spasmolytic

Alpha2 agonist

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10
Q

Tizanidine adverse effects

A

Drowsiness, hypotension, dry mouth, asthenia/muscle weakness

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11
Q

Dantrolene

A 
Non-centrally acting spasmolytic
Interfere with excitation-contraction coupling
Inhib RyR Ca channel
Cardiac and smooth muscle unaffected
Management of malignant hypertension
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12
Q

Dantrolene adverse effects

A

Muscle weakness, sedation, hepatitis

Contraind in pts with hepatitis

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13
Q

Botulinum toxin

A

Cleaves SNARE complex–>prevent ACh release

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14
Q

Botulinum toxin adverse effects

A

Focal muscle weakness, may last several months

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15
Q

Multiple sclerosis (MS) treatment

A

Glucocorticoids
Glatiramer acetate
Interferon beta 1a/1b
Mitoxantrone

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16
Q

Glucocorticoids

A

IV for primary/secondary progressive MS

17
Q

Glatiramer acetate

A

For relapsing/remitting MS
L-alanine/glutamic acid/lysine/tyrosine–>similar to MBP
Induce T suppressor cells

18
Q

Interferons beta 1a/1b

A

MS treatment
Interfere with T adhesion to endothelium of BBB by binding VLA-4 on T
Inhib T expression of MMP

19
Q

Mitoxantrone

A

MS treatment

Intercalates DNA–>crosslinks and strand breaks

Neuroscience II (4 decks)

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