Pharmacology Flashcards
drug
has an affect on the physiology of the body
medication
medication with a purpose
pharmacology
the affect of drugs on living things
clinical pharmacology
where medication is prepared
legal aspects of drug administrtion
if something is wrong, you must be responsible and alert someone
you are the last stop to prevent an error before pt takes medication
therapeutic effect
primary intended effect
side effect
unintended effects, usually predictable, may be harmless or dangerous
drug toxicity
negative effect due to overdose or ingestion of drug intended for external use
drug allergy
immune reaction to drug, may be mild or severe
drug tolerance
decrease physiological response to a drug as a result of repeated administration
cumulative effect
increase response to a drug when repeatedly administered
idiosynchratic drug
unexpected reaction to drug. may result in over or under-response or un-explained symptoms
additive drug interaction
2 drugs that work better together, produce expected effects ex: 1+1=2
Synergistic drug interaction
2 drugs that are completely different, take very different pathways but produce greater intended affect
ex:1+1>2
potentiating drug interaction
drug and food help the medication do it’s job and prevent side effects
ex: 1+0>2
Inhibiting drug interaction
a drug that stops another from producing an affect
drug misuse
improper use of medications leading to acute or chronic problems/toxicity that have physical and mental affects. Can create a physiological dependance
Antagonist drug
drug that competes with a ligand produced by the body for the same receptor. once antagonist binds to receptor, it block all cellular responses
Agonist drug
drug imitates a ligand produced by the body to attach to receptors of a target cell to enhance cellular response
6 stages of drug pharmacokinetics
absorption bioavailability first pass effect distribution metabolism excretion
therapeutic range
the narrower the range, the easier it is to be in the toxic concentration for the therapeutic range.
properties of an ideal drug
effectiveness safety selectivity reversible action predictability ease of administration minimal drug interactions low cost chemical stability possession of a simple genetic name
obstacles of adherence
patient education attitude towards medication self care ability finances drug interactions drug diet previous history of adverse effects
5 rights of medication
- right patient
- right medication
- right dose
- right route
- right time
