Pharmacology Flashcards
1
Q
Branch of medicine concerned with USE, EFFECTS, and MODES OF ACTION of drugs
A
Pharmacology
2
Q
Concerned with EFFECT OF DRUGS and MECHANISM OF ACTION
A
Pharmacodynamics
3
Q
Concerned with MOVEMENT of drugs
A
Pharmacokinetics
4
Q
Movement of Drugs
A
Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion
5
Q
Water Soluble Vitamins
A
Vit B
Vit C
6
Q
Lipid Soluble Vitamins
A
Vitamin: A D E K
7
Q
Study of drug’s HARMFUL effects
A
Toxicology
8
Q
Example of drugs that reverses toxicity
A
Activated Charcoal
Syrup of Ipecac
9
Q
Accumulation of drug because it cannot be excreted by the body
A
Cumulation
10
Q
Drugs CONTRAINDICATED for px with GLAUCOMA
A
Cholinergics
Anti-Cholinergics
Diazepam
11
Q
Most allergenic drug
A
Penicillins
12
Q
Study of DAMAGE TO FETUS
A
Teratology
13
Q
Study of DRUG DOSAGE
A
Posology
14
Q
Routes for administration of drugs
A
Enteral
Parenteral
Inhalation
15
Q
Enteral administration
A
Oral
Rectal
16
Q
Parenteral administration
A
Intradermal Intravenous Subcutaneous Intramuscular Intrathecal
17
Q
Fastest route of drug administration to reach the brain
A
Inhalation
18
Q
Intradermal angulation
A
0-15 degrees
19
Q
Intravenous angulation
A
35 degrees
20
Q
Subcutaneous angulation
A
45 degrees
21
Q
Intramuscular angulation
A
90 degrees
22
Q
Drug properties that influence absorption
A
Weak acid
Weak base
23
Q
Amount of drug that reaches the systemic circulation
A
Bioavailability
24
Q
Common site for Intravenous Medications
A
Antecubital Region
25
Common sites for intramuscular administration
Pedia - Vastus lateralis
| Adults - Dorsogluteal
26
Factors that affect bioavailability of drugs
Solubility
Route
First-Pass effect
27
Phenomenkn where concentration of orally taken drugs is REDUCED before reaching systemic circulation
First-Pass Effect
28
Types of drug according to distribution
Free Ionized Drug
| Bound Drug
29
Temporary Storage of Drugs
Adipocytes
| Blood
30
Tendency of a substance to separate or dissociate from binding
Dissociation Constant
31
Metabolic Pathways
Liver
| Plasma
32
Types of liver enzymes
Microsomal
| Non-microsomal
33
Function of liver in metabolism
Lipid soluble to lipid insoluble
Active drug to inactive
Prodrug to active
34
Aspirin is converted to
Salicylates
35
Codein is converted to
Morphine
36
Types of local anesthesia
Amide
| Esters
37
Drug of choice if allergic to amide and ester
Diphenhydramin Hydrochloride
38
Amide exception
Articaine
39
Ester excemption
Piperocaine
40
Sites for excretion
```
Kidney
Lungs
Breast milk
Bile
Large intestine
Saliva
Sweat
```
41
Plasma enzyme
Plasma pseudocholinesterase
42
Drugs metabolized in the plasma
Ester LA
| Succinylcholine
43
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
44
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
45
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
46
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
47
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
48
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
49
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
50
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
51
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
52
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
53
Effect of drug
Efficacy
54
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
55
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
56
Dose-effect (dose-response) relationship
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
57
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
58
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
59
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
60
Median effective dose
ED50
61
Median lethal dose
LD50
62
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
63
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
64
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
65
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
66
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
67
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
68
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
69
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
70
Antagonist that competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
71
Antagonist that does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
72
Antagonist that results in dec potency
Competitive
73
Antagonist that results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
74
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
75
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
76
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
77
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
78
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
79
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
80
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
81
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
82
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
83
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
84
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
85
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
86
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
87
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
88
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
89
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
90
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
91
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
92
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
93
Effect of drug
Efficacy
94
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
95
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
96
Dose-effect (dose-response) relationship
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
97
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
98
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
99
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
100
Median effective dose
ED50
101
Median lethal dose
LD50
102
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
103
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
104
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
105
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
106
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
107
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
108
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
109
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
110
Antagonist that competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
111
Antagonist that does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
112
Antagonist that results in dec potency
Competitive
113
Antagonist that results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
114
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
115
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
116
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
117
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
118
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
119
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
120
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
121
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
122
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
123
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
124
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
125
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
126
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
127
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
128
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
129
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
130
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
131
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
132
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
133
Effect of drug
Efficacy
134
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
135
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
136
Dose-effect (dose-response) relationship
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
137
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
138
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
139
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
140
Median effective dose
ED50
141
Median lethal dose
LD50
142
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
143
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
144
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
145
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
146
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
147
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
148
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
149
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
150
Antagonist that competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
151
Antagonist that does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
152
Antagonist that results in dec potency
Competitive
153
Antagonist that results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
154
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
155
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
156
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
157
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
158
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
159
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
160
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
161
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
162
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
163
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
164
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
165
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
166
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
167
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
168
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
169
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
170
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
171
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
172
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
173
Effect of drug
Efficacy
174
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
175
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
176
Dose-effect (dose-response) relationship
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
177
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
178
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
179
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
180
Median effective dose
ED50
181
Median lethal dose
LD50
182
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
183
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
184
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
185
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
186
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
187
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
188
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
189
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
190
Antagonist that competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
191
Antagonist that does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
192
Antagonist that results in dec potency
Competitive
193
Antagonist that results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
194
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
195
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
196
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
197
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
198
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
199
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
200
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
201
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
202
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
203
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
204
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
205
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
206
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
207
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
208
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
209
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
210
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
211
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
212
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
213
Effect of drug
Efficacy
214
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
215
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
216
Dose-effect (dose-response) relationship
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
217
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
218
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
219
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
220
Median effective dose
ED50
221
Median lethal dose
LD50
222
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
223
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
224
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
225
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
226
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
227
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
228
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
229
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
230
Antagonist that competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
231
Antagonist that does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
232
Antagonist that results in dec potency
Competitive
233
Antagonist that results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
234
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
235
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
236
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
237
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
238
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
239
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
240
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
241
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
242
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
243
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
244
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
245
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
246
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
247
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
248
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
249
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
250
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
251
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
252
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
253
Effect of drug
Efficacy
254
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
255
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
256
Dose-effect (dose-response) relationship
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
257
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
258
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
259
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
260
Median effective dose
ED50
261
Median lethal dose
LD50
262
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
263
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
264
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
265
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
266
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
267
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
268
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
269
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
270
Antagonist that competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
271
Antagonist that does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
272
Antagonist that results in dec potency
Competitive
273
Antagonist that results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
274
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
275
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
276
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
277
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
278
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
279
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
280
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
281
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
282
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
283
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
284
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
285
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
286
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
287
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
288
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
289
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
290
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
291
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
292
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
293
Effect of drug
Efficacy
294
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
295
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
296
Dose-effect (dose-response) relationship
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
297
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
298
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
299
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
300
Median effective dose
ED50
301
Median lethal dose
LD50
302
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
303
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
304
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
305
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
306
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
307
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
308
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
309
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
310
Antagonist that competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
311
Antagonist that does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
312
Antagonist that results in dec potency
Competitive
313
Antagonist that results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
314
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
315
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
316
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
317
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
318
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
319
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
320
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
321
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
322
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
323
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
324
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
325
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
326
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
327
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
328
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
329
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
330
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
331
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
332
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
333
Effect of drug
Efficacy
334
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
335
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
336
Dose-effect (dose-response) relationship
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
337
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
338
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
339
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
340
Median effective dose
ED50
341
Median lethal dose
LD50
342
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
343
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
344
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
345
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
346
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
347
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
348
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
349
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
350
Antagonist that competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
351
Antagonist that does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
352
Antagonist that results in dec potency
Competitive
353
Antagonist that results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
354
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
355
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
356
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
357
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
358
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
359
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
360
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
361
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
362
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
363
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
364
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
365
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
366
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
367
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
368
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
369
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
370
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
371
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
372
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
373
Effect of drug
Efficacy
374
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
375
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
376
Dose-effect (dose-response) relationship
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
377
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
378
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
379
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
380
Median effective dose
ED50
381
Median lethal dose
LD50
382
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
383
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
384
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
385
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
386
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
387
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
388
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
389
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
390
Antagonist that competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
391
Antagonist that does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
392
Antagonist that results in dec potency
Competitive
393
Antagonist that results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
394
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
395
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
396
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
397
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
398
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
399
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
400
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
401
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
402
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
403
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
404
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
405
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
406
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
407
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
408
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
409
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
410
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
411
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
412
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
413
Effect of drug
Efficacy
414
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
415
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
416
Dose-effect (dose-response) relationship
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
417
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
418
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
419
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
420
Median effective dose
ED50
421
Median lethal dose
LD50
422
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
423
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
424
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
425
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
426
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
427
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
428
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
429
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
430
Antagonist that competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
431
Antagonist that does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
432
Antagonist that results in dec potency
Competitive
433
Antagonist that results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
434
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
435
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
436
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
437
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
438
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
439
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
440
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
441
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
442
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
443
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
444
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
445
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
446
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
447
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
448
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
449
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
450
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
451
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
452
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
453
Effect of drug
Efficacy
454
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
455
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
456
Dose-effect (dose-response) relationship
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
457
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
458
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
459
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
460
Median effective dose
ED50
461
Median lethal dose
LD50
462
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
463
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
464
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
465
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
466
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
467
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
468
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
469
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
470
Antagonist that competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
471
Antagonist that does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
472
Antagonist that results in dec potency
Competitive
473
Antagonist that results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
474
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
475
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
476
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
477
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
478
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
479
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
480
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
481
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
482
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
483
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
484
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
485
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
486
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
487
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
488
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
489
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
490
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
491
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
492
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
493
Effect of drug
Efficacy
494
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
495
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
496
Dose-effect (dose-response) relationship
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
497
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
498
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
499
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
500
Median effective dose
ED50
501
Median lethal dose
LD50
502
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
503
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
504
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
505
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
506
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
507
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
508
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
509
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
510
Antagonist that competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
511
Antagonist that does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
512
Antagonist that results in dec potency
Competitive
513
Antagonist that results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
514
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
515
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
516
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
517
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
518
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
519
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
520
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
521
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
522
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
523
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
524
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
525
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
526
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
527
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
528
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
529
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
530
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
531
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
532
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
533
Effect of drug
Efficacy
534
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
535
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
536
Dose-effect (dose-response) relationship
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
537
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
538
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
539
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
540
Median effective dose
ED50
541
Median lethal dose
LD50
542
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
543
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
544
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
545
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
546
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
547
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
548
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
549
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
550
Antagonist that competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
551
Antagonist that does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
552
Antagonist that results in dec potency
Competitive
553
Antagonist that results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
554
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
555
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
556
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
557
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
558
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
559
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
560
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
561
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
562
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
563
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
564
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
565
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
566
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
567
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
568
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
569
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
570
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
571
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
572
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
573
Effect of drug
Efficacy
574
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
575
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
576
Dose-effect (dose-response) relationship
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
577
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
578
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
579
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
580
Median effective dose
ED50
581
Median lethal dose
LD50
582
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
583
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
584
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
585
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
586
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
587
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
588
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
589
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
590
Antagonist that competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
591
Antagonist that does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
592
Antagonist that results in dec potency
Competitive
593
Antagonist that results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
594
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
595
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
596
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
597
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
598
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
599
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
600
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
601
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
602
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
603
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
604
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
605
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
606
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
607
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
608
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
609
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
610
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
611
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
612
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
613
Effect of drug
Efficacy
614
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
615
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
616
Dose-effect (dose-response) relationship
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
617
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
618
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
619
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
620
Median effective dose
ED50
621
Median lethal dose
LD50
622
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
623
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
624
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
625
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
626
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
627
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
628
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
629
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
630
Antagonist that competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
631
Antagonist that does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
632
Antagonist that results in dec potency
Competitive
633
Antagonist that results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
634
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
635
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
636
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
637
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
638
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
639
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
640
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
641
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
642
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
643
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
644
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
645
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
646
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
647
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
648
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
649
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
650
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
651
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
652
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
653
Effect of drug
Efficacy
654
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
655
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
656
Dose-effect (dose-response) relationship
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
657
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
658
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
659
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
660
Median effective dose
ED50
661
Median lethal dose
LD50
662
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
663
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
664
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
665
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
666
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
667
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
668
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
669
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
670
Antagonist that competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
671
Antagonist that does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
672
Antagonist that results in dec potency
Competitive
673
Antagonist that results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
674
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
675
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
676
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
677
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
678
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
679
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
680
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
681
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
682
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
683
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
684
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
685
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
686
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
687
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
688
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
689
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
690
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
691
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
692
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
693
Effect of drug
Efficacy
694
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
695
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
696
Dose-effect (dose-response) relationship
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
697
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
698
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
699
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
700
Median effective dose
ED50
701
Median lethal dose
LD50
702
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
703
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
704
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
705
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
706
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
707
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
708
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
709
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
710
Antagonist that competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
711
Antagonist that does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
712
Antagonist that results in dec potency
Competitive
713
Antagonist that results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
714
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
715
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
716
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
717
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
718
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
719
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
720
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
721
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
722
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
723
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
724
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
725
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
726
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
727
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
728
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
729
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
730
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
731
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
732
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
733
Effect of drug
Efficacy
734
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
735
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
736
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
737
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
738
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
739
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
740
Median effective dose
ED50
741
Median lethal dose
LD50
742
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
743
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
744
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
745
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
746
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
747
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
748
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
749
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
750
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
751
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
752
Results in dec potency
Complete
753
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
754
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
755
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
756
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
757
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
758
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
759
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
760
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
761
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
762
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
763
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
764
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
765
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
766
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
767
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
768
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
769
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
770
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
771
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
772
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
773
Effect of drug
Efficacy
774
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
775
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
776
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
777
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
778
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
779
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
780
Median effective dose
ED50
781
Median lethal dose
LD50
782
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
783
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
784
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
785
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
786
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
787
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
788
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
789
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
790
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
791
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
792
Results in dec potency
Complete
793
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
794
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
795
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
796
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
797
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
798
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
799
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
800
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
801
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
802
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
803
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
804
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
805
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
806
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
807
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
808
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
809
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
810
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
811
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
812
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
813
Effect of drug
Efficacy
814
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
815
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
816
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
817
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
818
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
819
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
820
Median effective dose
ED50
821
Median lethal dose
LD50
822
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
823
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
824
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
825
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
826
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
827
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
828
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
829
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
830
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
831
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
832
Results in dec potency
Complete
833
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
834
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
835
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
836
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
837
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
838
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
839
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
840
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
841
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
842
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
843
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
844
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
845
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
846
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
847
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
848
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
849
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
850
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
851
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
852
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
853
Effect of drug
Efficacy
854
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
855
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
856
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
857
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
858
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
859
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
860
Median effective dose
ED50
861
Median lethal dose
LD50
862
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
863
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
864
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
865
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
866
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
867
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
868
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
869
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
870
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
871
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
872
Results in dec potency
Complete
873
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
874
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
875
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
876
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
877
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
878
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
879
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
880
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
881
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
882
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
883
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
884
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
885
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
886
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
887
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
888
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
889
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
890
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
891
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
892
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
893
Effect of drug
Efficacy
894
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
895
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
896
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
897
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
898
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
899
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
900
Median effective dose
ED50
901
Median lethal dose
LD50
902
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
903
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
904
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
905
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
906
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
907
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
908
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
909
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
910
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
911
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
912
Results in dec potency
Complete
913
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
914
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
915
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
916
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
917
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
918
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
919
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
920
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
921
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
922
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
923
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
924
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
925
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
926
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
927
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
928
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
929
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
930
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
931
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
932
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
933
Effect of drug
Efficacy
934
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
935
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
936
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
937
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
938
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
939
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
940
Median effective dose
ED50
941
Median lethal dose
LD50
942
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
943
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
944
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
945
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
946
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
947
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
948
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
949
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
950
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
951
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
952
Results in dec potency
Complete
953
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
954
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
955
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
956
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
957
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
958
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
959
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
960
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
961
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
962
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
963
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
964
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
965
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
966
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
967
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
968
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
969
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
970
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
971
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
972
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
973
Effect of drug
Efficacy
974
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
975
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
976
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
977
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
978
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
979
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
980
Median effective dose
ED50
981
Median lethal dose
LD50
982
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
983
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
984
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
985
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
986
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
987
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
988
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
989
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
990
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
991
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
992
Results in dec potency
Complete
993
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
994
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
995
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
996
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
997
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
998
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
999
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
1000
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
1001
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
1002
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
1003
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
1004
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
1005
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
1006
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
1007
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
1008
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
1009
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
1010
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
1011
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
1012
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
1013
Effect of drug
Efficacy
1014
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
1015
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
1016
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
1017
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
1018
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
1019
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
1020
Median effective dose
ED50
1021
Median lethal dose
LD50
1022
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
1023
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
1024
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
1025
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
1026
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
1027
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
1028
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
1029
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
1030
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
1031
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
1032
Results in dec potency
Complete
1033
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
1034
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
1035
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
1036
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
1037
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
1038
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
1039
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
1040
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
1041
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
1042
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
1043
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
1044
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
1045
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
1046
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
1047
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
1048
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
1049
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
1050
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
1051
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
1052
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
1053
Effect of drug
Efficacy
1054
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
1055
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
1056
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
1057
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
1058
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
1059
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
1060
Median effective dose
ED50
1061
Median lethal dose
LD50
1062
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
1063
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
1064
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
1065
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
1066
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
1067
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
1068
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
1069
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
1070
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
1071
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
1072
Results in dec potency
Complete
1073
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
1074
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
1075
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
1076
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
1077
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
1078
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
1079
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
1080
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
1081
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
1082
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
1083
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
1084
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
1085
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
1086
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
1087
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
1088
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
1089
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
1090
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
1091
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
1092
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
1093
Effect of drug
Efficacy
1094
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
1095
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
1096
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
1097
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
1098
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
1099
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
1100
Median effective dose
ED50
1101
Median lethal dose
LD50
1102
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
1103
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
1104
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
1105
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
1106
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
1107
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
1108
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
1109
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
1110
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
1111
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
1112
Results in dec potency
Complete
1113
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
1114
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
1115
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
1116
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
1117
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
1118
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
1119
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
1120
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
1121
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
1122
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
1123
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
1124
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
1125
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
1126
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
1127
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
1128
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
1129
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
1130
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
1131
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
1132
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
1133
Effect of drug
Efficacy
1134
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
1135
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
1136
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
1137
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
1138
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
1139
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
1140
Median effective dose
ED50
1141
Median lethal dose
LD50
1142
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
1143
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
1144
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
1145
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
1146
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
1147
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
1148
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
1149
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
1150
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
1151
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
1152
Results in dec potency
Complete
1153
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
1154
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
1155
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
1156
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
1157
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
1158
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
1159
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
1160
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
1161
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
1162
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
1163
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
1164
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
1165
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
1166
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
1167
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
1168
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
1169
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
1170
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
1171
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
1172
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
1173
Effect of drug
Efficacy
1174
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
1175
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
1176
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
1177
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
1178
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
1179
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
1180
Median effective dose
ED50
1181
Median lethal dose
LD50
1182
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
1183
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
1184
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
1185
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
1186
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
1187
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
1188
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
1189
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
1190
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
1191
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
1192
Results in dec potency
Complete
1193
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
1194
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
1195
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
1196
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
1197
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
1198
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
1199
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
1200
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
1201
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
1202
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
1203
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
1204
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
1205
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
1206
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
1207
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
1208
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
1209
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
1210
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
1211
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
1212
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
1213
Effect of drug
Efficacy
1214
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
1215
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
1216
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
1217
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
1218
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
1219
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
1220
Median effective dose
ED50
1221
Median lethal dose
LD50
1222
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
1223
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
1224
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
1225
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
1226
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
1227
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
1228
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
1229
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
1230
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
1231
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
1232
Results in dec potency
Complete
1233
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
1234
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
1235
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
1236
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
1237
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
1238
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
1239
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
1240
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
1241
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
1242
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
1243
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
1244
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
1245
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
1246
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
1247
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
1248
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
1249
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
1250
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
1251
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
1252
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
1253
Effect of drug
Efficacy
1254
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
1255
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
1256
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
1257
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
1258
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
1259
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
1260
Median effective dose
ED50
1261
Median lethal dose
LD50
1262
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
1263
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
1264
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
1265
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
1266
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
1267
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
1268
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
1269
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
1270
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
1271
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
1272
Results in dec potency
Complete
1273
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
1274
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
1275
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
1276
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
1277
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
1278
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
1279
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
1280
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
1281
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
1282
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
1283
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
1284
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
1285
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
1286
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
1287
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
1288
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
1289
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
1290
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
1291
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
1292
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
1293
Effect of drug
Efficacy
1294
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
1295
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
1296
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
1297
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
1298
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
1299
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
1300
Median effective dose
ED50
1301
Median lethal dose
LD50
1302
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
1303
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
1304
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
1305
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
1306
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
1307
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
1308
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
1309
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
1310
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
1311
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
1312
Results in dec potency
Complete
1313
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
1314
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
1315
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
1316
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
1317
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
1318
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
1319
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
1320
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
1321
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
1322
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
1323
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
1324
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
1325
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
1326
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
1327
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
1328
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
1329
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
1330
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
1331
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
1332
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
1333
Effect of drug
Efficacy
1334
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
1335
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
1336
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
1337
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
1338
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
1339
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
1340
Median effective dose
ED50
1341
Median lethal dose
LD50
1342
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
1343
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
1344
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
1345
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
1346
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
1347
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
1348
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
1349
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
1350
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
1351
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
1352
Results in dec potency
Complete
1353
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
1354
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
1355
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
1356
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
1357
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
1358
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
1359
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
1360
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
1361
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
1362
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
1363
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
1364
LA metabolized in the liver
Amide
1365
LA metabolized in plasma
Esters
1366
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
1367
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
1368
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
1369
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
1370
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
1371
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
1372
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
1373
Effect of drug
Efficacy
1374
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
1375
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
1376
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
1377
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
1378
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
1379
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
1380
Median effective dose
ED50
1381
Median lethal dose
LD50
1382
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
1383
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
1384
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
1385
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
1386
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
1387
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
1388
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
1389
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
1390
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
1391
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
1392
Results in dec potency
Complete
1393
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
1394
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
1395
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
1396
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
1397
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
1398
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
1399
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
1400
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
1401
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
1402
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
1403
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
1404
Metabolized in the liver
Amide
1405
Merabolized in plasma
Esters
1406
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
1407
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
1408
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
1409
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
1410
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
1411
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
1412
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
1413
Effect of drug
Efficacy
1414
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
1415
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
1416
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
1417
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
1418
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
1419
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
1420
Median effective dose
ED50
1421
Median lethal dose
LD50
1422
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
1423
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
1424
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
1425
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
1426
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
1427
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
1428
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
1429
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
1430
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
1431
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
1432
Results in dec potency
Complete
1433
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
1434
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
1435
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
1436
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
1437
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
1438
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
1439
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
1440
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
1441
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
1442
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
1443
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
1444
Metabolized in the liver
Amide
1445
Merabolized in plasma
Esters
1446
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
1447
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
1448
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
1449
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
1450
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
1451
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
1452
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
1453
Effect of drug
Efficacy
1454
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
1455
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
1456
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
1457
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
1458
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
1459
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
1460
Median effective dose
ED50
1461
Median lethal dose
LD50
1462
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
1463
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
1464
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
1465
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
1466
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
1467
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
1468
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
1469
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
1470
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
1471
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
1472
Results in dec potency
Complete
1473
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
1474
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
1475
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
1476
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
1477
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
1478
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
1479
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
1480
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
1481
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
1482
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
1483
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
1484
Metabolized in the liver
Amide
1485
Merabolized in plasma
Esters
1486
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
1487
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
1488
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
1489
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
1490
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
1491
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
1492
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
1493
Effect of drug
Efficacy
1494
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
1495
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
1496
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
1497
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
1498
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
1499
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
1500
Median effective dose
ED50
1501
Median lethal dose
LD50
1502
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
1503
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
1504
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
1505
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
1506
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
1507
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
1508
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
1509
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
1510
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
1511
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
1512
Results in dec potency
Complete
1513
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
1514
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
1515
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
1516
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
1517
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
1518
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
1519
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
1520
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
1521
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
1522
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
1523
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
1524
Metabolized in the liver
Amide
1525
Merabolized in plasma
Esters
1526
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
1527
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
1528
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
1529
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
1530
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
1531
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
1532
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
1533
Effect of drug
Efficacy
1534
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
1535
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
1536
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
1537
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
1538
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
1539
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
1540
Median effective dose
ED50
1541
Median lethal dose
LD50
1542
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
1543
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
1544
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
1545
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
1546
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
1547
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
1548
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
1549
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
1550
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
1551
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
1552
Results in dec potency
Complete
1553
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
1554
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
1555
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
1556
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
1557
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
1558
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
1559
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
1560
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
1561
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
1562
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
1563
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
1564
Metabolized in the liver
Amide
1565
Merabolized in plasma
Esters
1566
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
1567
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
1568
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
1569
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
1570
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
1571
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
1572
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
1573
Effect of drug
Efficacy
1574
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
1575
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
1576
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
1577
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
1578
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
1579
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
1580
Median effective dose
ED50
1581
Median lethal dose
LD50
1582
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
1583
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
1584
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
1585
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
1586
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
1587
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
1588
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
1589
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
1590
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
1591
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
1592
Results in dec potency
Complete
1593
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
1594
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
1595
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
1596
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
1597
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
1598
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
1599
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
1600
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
1601
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
1602
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
1603
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
1604
Metabolized in the liver
Amide
1605
Merabolized in plasma
Esters
1606
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
1607
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
1608
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
1609
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
1610
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
1611
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
1612
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
1613
Effect of drug
Efficacy
1614
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
1615
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
1616
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
1617
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
1618
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
1619
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
1620
Median effective dose
ED50
1621
Median lethal dose
LD50
1622
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
1623
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
1624
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
1625
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
1626
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
1627
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
1628
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
1629
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
1630
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
1631
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
1632
Results in dec potency
Complete
1633
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
1634
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
1635
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
1636
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
1637
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
1638
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
1639
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
1640
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
1641
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
1642
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
1643
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
1644
Metabolized in the liver
Amide
1645
Merabolized in plasma
Esters
1646
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
1647
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
1648
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
1649
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
1650
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
1651
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
1652
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
1653
Effect of drug
Efficacy
1654
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
1655
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
1656
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
1657
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
1658
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
1659
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
1660
Median effective dose
ED50
1661
Median lethal dose
LD50
1662
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
1663
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
1664
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
1665
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
1666
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
1667
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
1668
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
1669
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
1670
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
1671
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
1672
Results in dec potency
Complete
1673
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
1674
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
1675
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
1676
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
1677
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
1678
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
1679
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
1680
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
1681
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
1682
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
1683
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
1684
Metabolized in the liver
Amide
1685
Merabolized in plasma
Esters
1686
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
1687
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
1688
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
1689
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
1690
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
1691
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
1692
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
1693
Effect of drug
Efficacy
1694
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
1695
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
1696
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
1697
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
1698
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
1699
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
1700
Median effective dose
ED50
1701
Median lethal dose
LD50
1702
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
1703
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
1704
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
1705
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
1706
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
1707
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
1708
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
1709
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
1710
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
1711
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
1712
Results in dec potency
Complete
1713
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
1714
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
1715
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
1716
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
1717
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
1718
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
1719
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
1720
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
1721
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
1722
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
1723
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
1724
Metabolized in the liver
Amide
1725
Merabolized in plasma
Esters
1726
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
1727
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
1728
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
1729
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
1730
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
1731
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
1732
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
1733
Effect of drug
Efficacy
1734
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
1735
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
1736
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
1737
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
1738
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
1739
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
1740
Median effective dose
ED50
1741
Median lethal dose
LD50
1742
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
1743
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
1744
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
1745
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
1746
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
1747
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
1748
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
1749
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
1750
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
1751
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
1752
Results in dec potency
Complete
1753
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
1754
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
1755
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
1756
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
1757
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
1758
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
1759
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
1760
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
1761
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
1762
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
1763
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
1764
Metabolized in the liver
Amide
1765
Merabolized in plasma
Esters
1766
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
1767
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
1768
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
1769
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
1770
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
1771
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
1772
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
1773
Effect of drug
Efficacy
1774
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
1775
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
1776
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
1777
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
1778
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
1779
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
1780
Median effective dose
ED50
1781
Median lethal dose
LD50
1782
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
1783
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
1784
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
1785
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
1786
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
1787
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
1788
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
1789
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
1790
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
1791
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
1792
Results in dec potency
Complete
1793
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
1794
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
1795
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
1796
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
1797
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
1798
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
1799
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
1800
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
1801
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
1802
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
1803
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
1804
Metabolized in the liver
Amide
1805
Merabolized in plasma
Esters
1806
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
1807
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
1808
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
1809
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
1810
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
1811
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
1812
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
1813
Effect of drug
Efficacy
1814
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
1815
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
1816
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
1817
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
1818
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
1819
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
1820
Median effective dose
ED50
1821
Median lethal dose
LD50
1822
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
1823
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
1824
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
1825
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
1826
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
1827
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
1828
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
1829
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
1830
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
1831
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
1832
Results in dec potency
Complete
1833
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
1834
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
1835
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
1836
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
1837
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
1838
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
1839
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
1840
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
1841
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
1842
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
1843
Properties of Diphenhydramine HCL
LA
H1 Blocker
Sedative
Slight cholinergic effect
1844
Metabolized in the liver
Amide
1845
Merabolized in plasma
Esters
1846
Time required for drug to reduce half of its initial value
Half life
1847
Rate at which drug is removed from the body
Clearance
1848
Types of clearance
Zero order kinetics
| First order kinetics
1849
Constant clearance, not constant half life
Zero order kinetics
1850
Not constant clearance, constant half life
First order kinetics
1851
Drug which has more chances of cumulation
Zero order kinetics
1852
Dosage of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
1853
Effect of drug
Efficacy
1854
How well drug can be used in the real world
Effectiveness
1855
Effect of drug are dose dependent
Dose-effect relationship
1856
Dose-response responses
Graded dose effect curve
| Quantal dose effect curve
1857
Degree of response of a single biological unit
Graded dose effect curve
1858
Relationship bet increasing drug dosage and percent of population that shows drug’s pharmacological effect and lethal effect
Quantal dose effect curve
1859
Formula for therapeutic index
TI= LD50/ED50
1860
Median effective dose
ED50
1861
Median lethal dose
LD50
1862
Targets of drug action
Receptors
Enzymes
Drug acting as physical or chemical agents
1863
Receptors for narcotics
Mu
Kappa
Delta
1864
Receptor for pilocarpine
Muscarinic
1865
Drug properties
Affinity
| Intrinsic activity
1866
Ability of drug to bind to target sites
Affinity
1867
Ability of drug to produce an effect
Intrinsic activity
1868
Receptor acting drugs
Full agonist
Antagonist
Partial agonist
1869
Types of antagonist
Competitive
| Non-competitive
1870
Competes with receptor sites of agonist
Competitive
1871
Does not compete with agonist and has own receptors
Non-competitive
1872
Results in dec potency
Complete
1873
Results in dec efficacy
Non competitive
1874
Antagonist of narcotics
Naloxone
| Naltrexone
1875
Antagonist of benzodiazepines
Flumazenil
1876
Acts as agonist and antagonist
Partial agonist
1877
Drugs specifically bind and interact with their receptor
Stucture action relationship
1878
Theories of structure action relationship
Clark’s Occutoational Theory
| Paton’s Rate Theory
1879
Drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
Clark’s occupational theory
1880
Drug effect is proportional to rate at which drug and receptor combine
Paton’s Rate Theory
1881
Accdg to Payton
| Associates quickly, dissociates immediately; faster rate of binding
Agonist
1882
Accdg to Payton:
| Associates but dissociates slower; slow rate of binding
Antagonist
