Pharmacology Flashcards
H2 blockers mechanism
Reversible block of H2 receptors decreasing acid secretion by parietal cells
Indications for H2 blockers
Peptic ulcer, gastritis, mild esophageal reflux
H2 blocker that causes prolactin release, gynecomastia, impotence and decreased libido in males
Cimetidine
H2 blockers that decrease renal excretion of creatinine
Cimetidine and ranitidine
H2 blocker that is a potent inhibitor of cytochrome P-450 causing multiple drug interactions
Cimetidine
What are the H2 blockers?
Cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine, nizatidine
Irreversible inhibit H+/K+ ATPase in stomach parietal cells
Proton pump inhibitors
Indicated for peptic ulcers, gastritis, esophageal reflux, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, a part of H. pylori therapy, and stress ulcer prophylaxis
Proton pump inhibitors
Drugs used for the treatment of peptic ulcers that increase the risk of C. difficile infections, pneumonia, and decrease serum magnesium with long-term use
Proton pump inhibitors
What are the Proton pump inhibitors?
Omeprazole, lansoprazole, esomeprazole, pantoprazole, dexlansoprazole
Antacid that can chelate and decrease the effectiveness of other drugs
Calcium carbonate
Antacid that is a phosphate binder, is absorbed into bones causing brittle bones
Aluminum hydroxide
Antacid that causes constipation, hypophosphatemia, proximal muscle weakness, osteodystrophy and seizures
Aluminum hydroxide
Antacid that can cause diarrhea, hyporeflexia, HoTN, and cardiac arrest
Magnesium hydroxide
Drugs that bind to ulcer base, providing physical protection allowing HCO3- secretion to reestablish pH gradient in the mucus layer
Bismuth and sucralfate
Bismuth and sucralfate are not given with what type of acid suppressors?
H2 blockers and PPIs
What type of environment is required for bismuth and sucralfate to be effective?
Acidic environment
A PGE1 analog that increases production and secretion of gastric mucus barrier and decreases acid production
Misoprostol
Why is misoprostol contraindicated in women of childbearing age?
Its an abortifacient
Acid suppressor used off-label for ripening of cervix to induce labor
Misoprostol
How does misoprostol prevent ulcers?
PGE1 analog prevents NSAID-induced ulcers