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NCLEX > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

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1
Q

Naloxone

A

Reverses opiod-induced respiratory depression

Oxygen can be given after if needed

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2
Q

Mycophenolate

A

Immunosuppressant

*watch for infection

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3
Q

Donepezil

A

Decreases symptoms of dementia

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4
Q

List some ACE inhibitors

A

Captopril (Capoten), Enalapril (Vasotec), Lisinopril (Zestril, Prinivil), Moexipril (Univasc), Ramipril (Altace)

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5
Q

Function of ACE inhibitors

A

Arterial dilation and increased stroke volume. Blocks aldosterone so client loses sodium and water and retains potassium

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6
Q

List some angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBS)

A

Losartan (Cozaar), Olmesartan (Benicar), Valsartan (Diovan

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7
Q

Function of ARBS?

A

Potent vasodilator. Decreases peripheral resistance. Decrease the workload of the heart. Increase cardiac output and keep blood moving forward out of the heart.

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8
Q

List some antidysrhythmics:

A

Amiodarone

Lidocaine

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9
Q

List some antihypertensives:

A

Atenolol (Tenormin) Metoprolol (Lopressor) Propranolol (Inderal) Carvedilol (Coreg

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10
Q

Calcium channel blockers

A

Amlodipine (Norvasc), Diltiazem (Cardizem), Ranolazine (Ranexa)

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11
Q

Function of calcium channel blockers

A

Vasodilation of the arterial system to decrease arterial resistance and decrease BP. Dilates the coronary arteries so more oxygen reaches the heart muscle.

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12
Q

Dobutamine (Dobutrex)

A

Used for shock
The beta1 effects enhance the force of myocardial contraction (positive inotropic effect) and increasing heart rate (positive chronotropic effect). The beta 2 effects produce mild vasodilation

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13
Q

Epinephrine HCL (Adrenalin)

A

Causes direct vasoconstriction, thus, improving perfusion pressure to the brain and heart.
Increase cardiac output

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14
Q

epoetin

A

Epoetin is prescribed to treat a lower than normal number of red blood cells (anemia) caused by chronic kidney disease in clients on dialysis, in HIV clients receiving zidovudine and in cancer clients receiving chemotherapy that develop anemia. Epoetin stimulates the bone marrow to produce more RBCs.

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15
Q

What dietary restriction should be taught about MAOI’s?

A

limit tyramine ingestion- can cause severe hyperstension

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16
Q

what is disulfiram used for?

A

treat alcholism

17
Q

what type of drug is cisplatin?

A

antineoplastic- causes death to rapidly dividing cells

MUST HAVE A WRITTEN ORDER NOT verbal

18
Q

What should be taught to patients taking isoniazid?

A

avoid foods high in tyramine

19
Q

What is melatonin?

A

manmade form of hormone that regulates internal clock

20
Q

what med are contraindicated taking with melatonin and why?

A

beta blockers

melatonin can raise bp

21
Q

trade name for sodium polystyrene sulfonate

What is it used for?

A

kayexalate

treat hyperkalemia

22
Q

How long does it take Nitroglycerin to work?

A

1 to 3 min

23
Q

what is a major complication of phenytoin?

What is it used for?

A

gingival hyperplasia- oral care is important*

anticonvulsant

24
Q

what is other name for enoxaparin?
What is it used for?
Antidote?

A

Lovenox
anticoagulant
protamine sulfate

25
Q

What is midazolam?

what is it used for?

A

benzodiazepam

sedation

26
Q

How should sucralfate be taken with other medications?

A

Take it at least 30 min after other medications.

It lines the stomach which can decrease absorption of other meds.

27
Q

Peak times of regular, intermediate, rapid, and long-acting insulins:

A

Regular- peaks 2-3 hours
Rapid acting- 30 minutes.
Intermediate acting- 4 hours.
Long-acting- 6 hours.

28
Q

What should be avoided while taking MAOI’s?

A

foods high in tryramine: strong or aged cheese, cured meats, smoked or process meats, liver (especially aged liver), pickled or fermented foods, sauces, soybeans, dried or overripe fruits, meat tenderizers, brewer’s yeast, alcoholic beverages and caffeine- such as in tea, cokes and coffee
Cause dangerous increase in BP

29
Q

Magnesium sulfate

A

stops preterm labor

30
Q

betamethasone

A

stimulates lung maturation in preterm births that are imminent

31
Q

Methotrexate

A

stops growth of fetus in ectopic pregnancy

32
Q

common name for calcium carbonate:

A

Tums

33
Q

side effects of epoetin

A

hemoptysis

high BP

NCLEX (6 decks)

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