Pharmacology Flashcards
The drug of choice for most cases of Type 2 diabetes mellitus:
a. Sulfonylureas
b. Metformin
c. Thiazolidinediones
d. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
b. Metformin
Which of these anti-diabetic agents causes glucose-dependent insulin release as well as glucagon suppression?
a. Sulfonylureas
b. Incretins (GLP-1, DPP4 inhibitors)
c. Thiazolidinediones
d. Megletinides/Glinides
b. Incretins (GLP-1, DPP4 inhibitors)
This drug is considered a short acting beta agonist
a. Metoprolol
b. Montelukast
c. Salmeterol
d. Salbutamol
d. Salbutamol
The following class of drugs best reduces the infarct size by decreasing the myocardial demand for oxygen through slowing of the heart rate:
a. Dihydropyridine CCBs
b. ACE inhibitors
c. Beta-blockers
d. Angiotensin-II receptor blockers
c. Beta-blockers
If a patient is diagnosed with a myocardial infarction, the drug which helps to prevent pathologic cardiac remodeling or aneurysm formation is:
a. Verapamil
b. Nifedipine
c. Clonidine
d. Enalapril
d. Enalapril
A drug that when given at high doses has been demonstrated to reduce mortality by stabilizing the vulnerable plaque which ruptured during myocardial infarction:
a. Fenofibrate
b. Atorvastatin
c. Nicotinic acid
d. Gemfibrozil
b. Atorvastatin
Which is true regarding the pharmacology of histamine receptor blockers (H2 blockers)?
a. They are indicated in the treatment of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
b. Competitive block H2 receptors in the parietal cells
c. Within 24 to 48 hours, there is 80-97% decrease in acid release
d. Cimetidine is metabolized in the liver but does not cause significant drug interactions
b. Competitive block H2 receptors in the parietal cells
What specific site does the proton pump inhibitor act to decrease acid production?
a. H/K/ATPase pump in the chief cells
b. H/K/ATPase pump in the enteroendocrine cells
c. H/K/ATPase pump in the parietal cells
d. H/K/ATPase pump in the mucous neck cells
c. H/K/ATPase pump in the parietal cells
The antidote for paracetamol poisoning is
a. Pyridoxine
b. Sodium thiosulphate
c. Deferroxamine
d. N-acetylcysteine
d. N-acetylcysteine
Deferoxamine is for iron overload syndrome.
Which of the following drugs inhibits cyclooxygenase irreversibly?
a. aspirin
b. Ibuprofen
c. Prednisone
d. Indomethacin
a. aspirin
True of cephalosporins:
a. Its mechanism of action is similar to macrolides
b. They are more useful than penicillins
c. Hypersensitivity reactions occur more frequently than for penicillins
d. Are classified into different generations depending on their spectrum of activity
d. Are classified into different generations depending on their spectrum of activity
Choose the mechanism of action of Prednisone as anti-inflammatory drug
a. Phospholipase A2 inhibitor
b. Lipoxygenase inhibitor
c. Cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitor
d. Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor
a. Phospholipase A2 inhibitor
Drug of choice for the treatment of hyperthyroidism in pregnancy:
a. Levothyroxine
b. Beta blockers
c. Propylthiouracil
d. Methimazole
c. Propylthiouracil
