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Usmle 1 > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

ACh removal by

A

Acetylcholine esterase

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2
Q

Muscarinic receptors in body

A

M1 = CNS

M2 = heart

M3 = periphery

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3
Q

Edrophonium

A

For diagnostic Myasthenia

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4
Q

Cholinergic receptor deal with

A

ACh

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5
Q

Enzyme that produce ACh

A

Choline acetyl transferase

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6
Q

Alpha 1 agonist

A

Phenylephrine

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7
Q

Phenoxybenzamine

A

Alpha blocker

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8
Q

Ganglion blockers

A

Mecamylamine

Hexamethonium

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9
Q

Alpha agonist

A

Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Phenylephrine

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10
Q

B2 agonist

A

Terbutaline

Isoproterenol

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11
Q

Acetylcholine esterase inhibitor

A

Neostigmine

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12
Q

Bethanechol

A

Muscarinic agonist

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13
Q

B receptor antagonist

A

Pindolol

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14
Q

Muscarinic antagonist

A

Atropine

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15
Q

Cholinergic agonist

A 
Direct activators 
Bethanechol (M)
Methacoline (M and N)
Nicotine (N)
Pilocarpine (M)
AChE inhibitors 
Reversible: 
Edrophronium 
Physostigmine 
Neostigmine 
Donepezil 
Rivastigmine

Irreversible:
Malathion
Parathion

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16
Q

Cholinergic antagonist

A 
Muscarinic blockers 
Atropine
Benztropine 
Ipratropium
Scopolamine

Ganglion blockers
Hexamethonium
Mecamylamine

17
Q

Adrenergic agonist

A

Alpha 1. Phenylephrine

Alpha 2. Clonidine, methyldopa

Beta isoproterenol B1=B2. Dobutamine B1>B2

Beta 2. Albuterol, terbutaline, salmeterol.

Mix dopamine D1, B1, A1. Epinephrine A1, A2, B1, B2. Norepinephrine A1, A2, B1.

Indirect acting: amphetamine, cocaine, ephedrine, tyramine

18
Q

Adrenergic antagonist

A

Alpha 1 doxazosin, prazosin, terazosin.

Alpha 2 mirtazapine

Mixed alpha phenoxybenzamine, phentholamine

B1 cardioselective acebutolol, atenolol, metoprolol.

B1, B2 nonselective pindolol, propranolol, timolol.

A1 and B carvedilol, labetalol

19
Q

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors pharmacodinamic

A

Blocks formation of CO2 + H2O from H2CO3 blocking CA Enzyme also block formation of HCO3 from H2O + H blocking CA Enzyme this produce metabolic acidosis

20
Q

Carbonic anhydrase inhibators drugs

A

Acetazolamide

Dorzolamide

21
Q

Loop diuretics function

A

Block Na K 2Cl pump

It doesn’t allow that Na, K, Cl get in into the cell

22
Q

Loop diuretic drugs

A

Furosemide
Torsemide
Ethacrynic acid

23
Q

Thiazides function

A

Blocks Na Cl pump
Produce excretion of Na and Cl
Also produce overactive Na Ca pump that increase reassertion of Ca

24
Q

Thiazides drugs

A

Hydrocholothiazide
Chlorthalidone
Indapamide

25
Q

K sparing agents on collecting tubules

A

Block Sodium reabsortion

Two ways
1 block direct Na channels
2 block action of aldosterone inactivating Na channels

26
Q

K sparing agents on collecting tubules drugs

A

Direct block of Na channels
Amiloride
Tramterene

Indirect block of Na channels by blocking aldosterone
Spironolactone
Eplerenone

27
Q

Beta 1 agonist drugs

A

Isoproterenol

28
Q

Cardiac potential has two fiber

A

Rapid and slow

29
Q

Antiarrythmic classes

A 
Class 1 fast Na channel blockers
1a also block K channels
Quinidine block Na, K, M2 recerptors, a1 receptor
Procainamida block Na, K channels
Important prolong QT

1b especific in ischemic tissue
Lidocaine
Mexiletine

1c block Na channels especially in his purkinje
Flecainamide

Class 2 beta blockers uses SVT
Block B1 receptors down cAMP = down HR
propanolol
Acebutolol
Esmolol uses IV by short half life

Class 3 Block K channels increase time depolarization work in ventricules

Amiodarone most effective antiarrythmic 
Mimic class 1,2,3,4
Uses in any arrythmia 
Sotalol also is beta blocker
Important prolong QT

Class 4 Ca channel blockers
Down phase 4 and 0
Work for SVT

verapamil and diltiazen

Unclassified

Adenosine work in adenosine receptors is Gi couple

Magnesium for torsades

30
Q

Drugs for SVT

A

Class 2 and 4

31
Q

Drugs for VT

A

Class 1 and 3

32
Q

Antyarricmic that don’t prolong QT interval

A

Propafenone class Ic

Usmle 1 (1 decks)

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