Pharmacology Flashcards
What types of fibers are the pre-ganglionic nerves in the PARAsympathetic and sympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system?
Myelinated
What type of fibers are the potganglionic nerves of the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system?
Unmyelinated
What types of tissue are controlled by the autonomic nervous system?
Cardiac (nodes, muscle, conduction sys) Glands Smooth Muscle
What is the primary neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic division of the ANS?
ACh
What is/are the primary neurotransmitter(s) of the sympathetic division of the ANS
Norepinephrine and epinephrine
What is miosis?
pupillary constriction
What causes miosis?
ACh stimulates contraction of sphincter muscles of pupils (parasympathetic innervation)
What is mydriasis?
pupillary dilation
What causes mydriasis?
Sympathetic innervation causes contraction of radial muscles of pupils
What are the 2 types of ACh (cholinergic) receptors?
Nicotinic Muscarinic
Where are Nicotinic cholinergic receptors located?
Skeletal muscle Adrenal medulla Preganglionic synapses
Where are muscarinic cholinergic receptors located?
Heart
Where are A1 receptors typically located?
postsynaptic effector cells (esp. smooth muscle)
What is the result of ligand binding of A1 receptor?
Formation of IP3 and DAG INCREASE in intracellular Ca
What is the usual location of A2 receptors?
Presynaptic adrenergic nerve terminals platelets lipocytes smooth muscle
What is the result of A2 ligand binding?
Inhibition of adenylyl cyclase Increased cAMP
What is the typical location of B1 receptors?
Post synaptic effector cells (esp Heart) lipocytes, brain, presynaptic adrenergic and cholinergic nerve terminals, renal tubules, ciliary body epithelium
What is the result of B1 ligand binding?
stimulation of adenylyl cyclase increased cAMP can activate cardiac G1
What is the typical location of B2 receptors?
Post synaptic effector cells (esp smooth muscle and cardiac muscle)
What is the typical location of nicotinic receptors?
Skeletal muscle neuromuscular endplates (Nm) Postganglionic neurons Some presynaptic cholinergic terminals
What is the result of nicotinic receptor ligand binding?
Opening of Na+ and K+ channels Resulting in depolarization
What is the typical locations of M1 receptors?
CNS neurons Sympathetic post-ganglionic neurons some pre-synaptic sites
What is the result on M1 receptor ligand binding?
Formation of IP3 and DAG Increased intracellular Ca
What is the typical locations of M2 receptors?
Myocardium Smooth muscle some pre-synaptic sites CNS neurons
