Pharmacology Flashcards
Lactulose can be given to a patient with a portosystemic shunt to help:
Convert ammonia to ammonium
Butorphanol tartrate is an example of a drug that functions on more than one body system. It is both an analgesic and a/an ________.
antitussive
Older sulfonamides were more likely to cause __________ than the newer sulfonamides.
Crystaluria
The newly hired veterinary assistant is cleaning up after a procedure and returns an opened bottle of propofol to the refrigerator, stating that it can be used the next day on another patient. You explain to her that:
Bacteria will readily grow in propofol and will produce endotoxins, so it is unwise to use the remains of an opened bottle.
What are trimethoprim and ormetoprim?
Agents that enhance bactericidal activity of sulfonamides
Which of the following drugs is considered a biologic response modifier?
Interferon
How long should a patient with pneumonia be on antibiotics?
Two weeks past resolution of radiographic signs
What can be used to decrease the damage caused by reperfusion injury?
lidocaine
Regarding the concentration of a solution, molality is known as:
The amount of solute per kilogram of solvent
What is the drug group of choice for treating Lyme disease (borreliosis)?
antibiotic
What drug is used as a contraceptive in dogs and sometimes for the correction of behavioral problems in cats (e.g., inappropriate urination)?
Megestrol acetate
Antimicrobial drugs such as enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin, and orbifloxacin all belong to which group of antibiotics?
Fluoroquinolones
Lidocaine can be diluted with sodium bicarbonate to decrease pain associated with injection. What should this dilution be (sodium bicarbonate: lidocaine)?
1:09
The behavioral drug group that may be sent home to stimulate appetite in cats is:
SSRIs
How many milliliters are in a teaspoon?
5
Unlike many other penicillins, penicillin G is not recommended for use by mouth. Why?
it is destroyed by stomach acid
The specific treatment for malignant hyperthermia is:
Dantrolene
Which of the following is not a side effect of sulfonamides?
seizures
For cats diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, a calcium channel blocker is often prescribed to relax the heart in an attempt to improve cardiac output. Which of the following drugs falls in this category?
diltiazem
Reglan is the trade name for:
metoclopramide
Diffusion of a drug molecule that involves a carrier protein but does not require energy is known as:
facilitated
Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a significant problem in veterinary medicine. What factor is not considered to be a significant contributor to the development of bacterial resistance?
Prolonged levels of higher-than-recommended dosages of antibiotics
Antimicrobial drugs that work against bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) have the potential for causing birth defects or other problems in the host animal if they also alter mammalian DNA. One group of antimicrobial agents known for this tendency is:
antifungals
