Pharmacology

Question 1

NSAIDs Examples

Answer 1

Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Ketorolac

Question 2

NSAID USES

Answer 2

Mild to moderate pain; fever reduction; reduce inflammation

Question 3

NSAID Side Effects

Answer 3

HA; CP; Acute kidney failure; Renal tubular necrosis; rash; bleeding; GI upset

Question 4

NSAID Nursing considerations

Answer 4

Assess pain/fever/inflammation; monitor renal function; monitor blood count/bleeding studies if on long term therapy

Question 5

NSAID Patient teaching

Answer 5

Take lowest dose possible for effect; Do not take for extended time unless discussed w/provider; take with food to minimize GI upset

Question 6

NSAID MOA

Answer 6

Prevent body from making prostaglandins (hormone like chemicals that contribute to inflammation, pain and fever) by inhibiting enzyme cyclooxygenase.

Question 7

NSAID Drug-drug interactions

Answer 7

Blood thinners; ACE/ARB; Lithium; Herbal supplements; Alcohol

Question 8

Opioids - MILD PAIN

Answer 8

Hydrocodone (Norco/Vicodin); Oxycodone/Oxycodone HCL (Oxycontin)

Question 9

OPIODS- MILD PAIN SE

Answer 9

Lightheadedness; Dizzy; Drowsy; N/V; Constipation

Question 10

OPIODS - MILD PAIN Nursing Considerations

Answer 10

VS; Pain score; N/V

Question 11

Opioids - MILD Pt. Teaching

Answer 11

May be dizzy; N/V; No driving; Change positions slowly

Question 12

Opioids- MILD MOA

Answer 12

Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS; Alters the perception and response to pain; CNS depression

Question 13

Opiods - MILD Drug:Drug Int.

Answer 13

Increased SE if given with anticholinergics/antidiarrheal; Barbiturate anesthetic

Question 14

Opioid SEVERE Pain Examples

Answer 14

Hydyromorphone; Morphine; Fentanyl; Demerol

Question 15

Opioids SEVERE Pain Uses

Answer 15

Acute pain rated 7-10/10; PCA; Dyspnea c/b cardiac disease

Question 16

Opioid SEVERE Pain SE

Answer 16

Constipation; Dizzy; Hypotension; Vision changes; N/V; urinary retention

Question 17

Opioids SEVERE Pain Nursing Considerations

Answer 17

VS; Postural hypotension; N/V

Question 18

Opioids SEVERE Pain Pt. Teaching

Answer 18

Avoid ETOH/CNS depressants; No driving; No breastfeeding

Question 19

Opioids SEVERE Pain MOA

Answer 19

Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS–>alters perception and response to pain while depressing CNS; Supress cough reflex

Question 20

Opioids SEVERE Drug:Drug Interactions

Answer 20

Alcohol; Antidepressant; Antihistamine; Sedative/Hypnotics

Question 21

Benzodiazepines Examples

Answer 21

Lorazepam; Alprazolam; Clonazepam; Diazepam (**AM)

Question 22

Benzodiazepine Uses

Answer 22

Anxiety; Preanesthetic; Seizure

Question 23

Benzodiazepine SE

Answer 23

Drowsiness; HA; Hypo/hypertension; N/V

Question 24

Benzodiazepine Nursing Considerations

Answer 24

Airway equipment nearby if IV; SL admin has rapid abs; Don’t use if discolored

Question 25

Benzodiazepine Pt. Teaching

Answer 25

No driving; No large volumes of coffee; No ETOH; MUST be tapered

Question 26

Benzodiazepine MOA

Answer 26

Enhance GABA causing sedation; anxiolysis; muscle relaxation; hypnosis

Question 27

Benzodiazepine Drug:Drug

Answer 27

Alcohol/Sedating medications; Theophylline decreases effectiveness

Question 28

PPI Examples

Answer 28

Pantoprazole; Omeprazole; Lansoprazole

Question 29

PPI Uses

Answer 29

Stress ulcers; GERD; Gastritis; Fullness; GI Pain

Question 30

PPI SE

Answer 30

HA; Diarrhea; Abd. pain; N/V; Insomnia; Hyperglycemia; Anemia

Question 31

PPI's Nursing Considerations

Answer 31

Assess for epigastric pain, occult blood in stool; contraindicated in hypocalcemia

Question 32

PPI Patient Teaching

Answer 32

May cause hyperglycemia in diabetics; avoid NSAIDS/ETOH

Question 33

PPI MOA

Answer 33

Blocks final step in acid production

Question 34

PPI Drug:Drug

Answer 34

Increases Warfarin levels; decreased absorption w/TUMS/Sulcrafate; increased levels w/benzo's/phenytoin/clarithromycin

Question 35

Barbiturate Example

Answer 35

Phenobarbitol

Question 36

Barbiturate Uses

Answer 36

Sedative; hypnotic; long term antiepileptic

Question 37

Barbiturate SE

Answer 37

Vertigo; CNS Depression; N/V; constipation/diarrhea

Question 38

Barbiturate Nursing Considerations

Answer 38

Patient must be on birth control; give slowly IV

Question 39

Barbiturate Patient Teaching

Answer 39

Will make drowsy/less anxious; do not get up after you have received it; it is habit forming

Question 40

Barbiturate MOA

Answer 40

General CNS depressant; at low levels has anticonvulsant activity

Question 41

Barbiturate Drug:Drug

Answer 41

Valproic acid increases levels; ETOH causes increased CNS depression; nephrotoxic with Methosyflurane

Question 42

Histamine Blocker Examples

Answer 42

Famotidine; Cimetidine; Nizatidine ("tidine")

Question 43

Histamine Blocker Uses

Answer 43

Treatment and prevention of heartburn & acid indigestion

Question 44

Histamine Blocker SE

Answer 44

Dizziness, arrhythmias, drowsiness, HA, nausea

Question 45

Histamine Blocker Nursing Considerations

Answer 45

Assess for abdominal pain/occult blood; may cause false positive urine protein test;

Question 46

Histamine Blocker MOA

Answer 46

Blocks HCL production; reduces volume of stomach acid production