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NCLEX REVIEW > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

NSAIDs Examples

A

Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Ketorolac

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2
Q

NSAID USES

A

Mild to moderate pain; fever reduction; reduce inflammation

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3
Q

NSAID Side Effects

A

HA; CP; Acute kidney failure; Renal tubular necrosis; rash; bleeding; GI upset

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4
Q

NSAID Nursing considerations

A

Assess pain/fever/inflammation; monitor renal function; monitor blood count/bleeding studies if on long term therapy

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5
Q

NSAID Patient teaching

A

Take lowest dose possible for effect; Do not take for extended time unless discussed w/provider; take with food to minimize GI upset

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6
Q

NSAID MOA

A

Prevent body from making prostaglandins (hormone like chemicals that contribute to inflammation, pain and fever) by inhibiting enzyme cyclooxygenase.

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7
Q

NSAID Drug-drug interactions

A

Blood thinners; ACE/ARB; Lithium; Herbal supplements; Alcohol

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8
Q

Opioids - MILD PAIN

A

Hydrocodone (Norco/Vicodin); Oxycodone/Oxycodone HCL (Oxycontin)

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9
Q

OPIODS- MILD PAIN SE

A

Lightheadedness; Dizzy; Drowsy; N/V; Constipation

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10
Q

OPIODS - MILD PAIN Nursing Considerations

A

VS; Pain score; N/V

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11
Q

Opioids - MILD Pt. Teaching

A

May be dizzy; N/V; No driving; Change positions slowly

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12
Q

Opioids- MILD MOA

A

Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS; Alters the perception and response to pain; CNS depression

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13
Q

Opiods - MILD Drug:Drug Int.

A

Increased SE if given with anticholinergics/antidiarrheal; Barbiturate anesthetic

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14
Q

Opioid SEVERE Pain Examples

A

Hydyromorphone; Morphine; Fentanyl; Demerol

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15
Q

Opioids SEVERE Pain Uses

A

Acute pain rated 7-10/10; PCA; Dyspnea c/b cardiac disease

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16
Q

Opioid SEVERE Pain SE

A

Constipation; Dizzy; Hypotension; Vision changes; N/V; urinary retention

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17
Q

Opioids SEVERE Pain Nursing Considerations

A

VS; Postural hypotension; N/V

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18
Q

Opioids SEVERE Pain Pt. Teaching

A

Avoid ETOH/CNS depressants; No driving; No breastfeeding

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19
Q

Opioids SEVERE Pain MOA

A

Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS–>alters perception and response to pain while depressing CNS; Supress cough reflex

20
Q

Opioids SEVERE Drug:Drug Interactions

A

Alcohol; Antidepressant; Antihistamine; Sedative/Hypnotics

21
Q

Benzodiazepines Examples

A

Lorazepam; Alprazolam; Clonazepam; Diazepam (**AM)

22
Q

Benzodiazepine Uses

A

Anxiety; Preanesthetic; Seizure

23
Q

Benzodiazepine SE

A

Drowsiness; HA; Hypo/hypertension; N/V

24
Q

Benzodiazepine Nursing Considerations

A

Airway equipment nearby if IV; SL admin has rapid abs; Don’t use if discolored

25
Q

Benzodiazepine Pt. Teaching

A

No driving; No large volumes of coffee; No ETOH; MUST be tapered

26
Q

Benzodiazepine MOA

A

Enhance GABA causing sedation; anxiolysis; muscle relaxation; hypnosis

27
Q

Benzodiazepine Drug:Drug

A

Alcohol/Sedating medications; Theophylline decreases effectiveness

28
Q

PPI Examples

A

Pantoprazole; Omeprazole; Lansoprazole

29
Q

PPI Uses

A

Stress ulcers; GERD; Gastritis; Fullness; GI Pain

30
Q

PPI SE

A

HA; Diarrhea; Abd. pain; N/V; Insomnia; Hyperglycemia; Anemia

31
Q

PPI’s Nursing Considerations

A

Assess for epigastric pain, occult blood in stool; contraindicated in hypocalcemia

32
Q

PPI Patient Teaching

A

May cause hyperglycemia in diabetics; avoid NSAIDS/ETOH

33
Q

PPI MOA

A

Blocks final step in acid production

34
Q

PPI Drug:Drug

A

Increases Warfarin levels; decreased absorption w/TUMS/Sulcrafate; increased levels w/benzo’s/phenytoin/clarithromycin

35
Q

Barbiturate Example

A

Phenobarbitol

36
Q

Barbiturate Uses

A

Sedative; hypnotic; long term antiepileptic

37
Q

Barbiturate SE

A

Vertigo; CNS Depression; N/V; constipation/diarrhea

38
Q

Barbiturate Nursing Considerations

A

Patient must be on birth control; give slowly IV

39
Q

Barbiturate Patient Teaching

A

Will make drowsy/less anxious; do not get up after you have received it; it is habit forming

40
Q

Barbiturate MOA

A

General CNS depressant; at low levels has anticonvulsant activity

41
Q

Barbiturate Drug:Drug

A

Valproic acid increases levels; ETOH causes increased CNS depression; nephrotoxic with Methosyflurane

42
Q

Histamine Blocker Examples

A

Famotidine; Cimetidine; Nizatidine (“tidine”)

43
Q

Histamine Blocker Uses

A

Treatment and prevention of heartburn & acid indigestion

44
Q

Histamine Blocker SE

A

Dizziness, arrhythmias, drowsiness, HA, nausea

45
Q

Histamine Blocker Nursing Considerations

A

Assess for abdominal pain/occult blood; may cause false positive urine protein test;

46
Q

Histamine Blocker MOA

A

Blocks HCL production; reduces volume of stomach acid production

47
Q
A

NCLEX REVIEW (1 decks)

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