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Clinical Exercise Physiology > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Pharmacology

A

Study of drug effects on living systems at different levels

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2
Q

Attenuate

A

Reduce

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3
Q

Accentuate

A

Increase

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4
Q

Aspirin

A

Everyday painkiller for aches and pains such as headaches.

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5
Q

Bronchodilators

A

Relaxes muscles in the lungs and widens the airways. Ex. Inhalers for asthma

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6
Q

Type 1 diabetes

A

Lifelong autoimmune disease that prevents the pancreas from producing insulin or producing enough insulin to function normally.

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7
Q

Autoimmune disease

A

Condition that occurs when the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks its own healthy cells, tissues, and organs.

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8
Q

Insulin

A

Naturally occurring hormone your pancreas makes that’s essential for allowing your body to use sugar (glucose) for energy.

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9
Q

Type 2 diabetes

A

Also called hyperglycemia; a long term condition that occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin or cells don’t respond properly to insulin, causing blood sugar levels to become too high. Caused by obesity.

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9
Q

Enteral

A

Drug administered through gastrointestinal tract (80%)

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10
Q

Parenteral

A

Drug delivered through skin by injection

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11
Q

Subcutaneous injection

A

Injection is given in the fatty tissue, just under the skin.

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12
Q

Intravenous injection

A

Injection within a vein

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13
Q

Intramuscular injection

A

Injection within muscles

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14
Q

Epidural injection

A

Injection around the spinal chord

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15
Q

Intra-articular injection

A

Injection within a joint

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16
Q

Vasodilator

A

Opens or dilates blood vessels by preventing the muscles in the walls of arteries and veins from tightening.

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17
Q

Nitroglycerin (nitrates)

A

Vasodilatory drug used to provide relief from anginal chest pain.

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18
Q

Angina

A

Chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart

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19
Q

Myocardial ischemia

A

Occurs when heart muscle doesn’t receive enough blood flow, which reduces amount of oxygen it gets.

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20
Q

Ibuprofen

A

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

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21
Q

Nicotine

A

Addictive drug found in tobacco products that can increase BP, HR, flow of blood to the heart, and narrow arteries

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22
Q

Acetaminophen

A

non-opiod analgesic agent used for treating pain and fever

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23
Q

Morphine

A

Treats severs pain

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24
Q

Influenza

A

viral respiratory infection

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25
Q

Insulin

A

naturally occuring hormone your pancreas makes that’s essential for allowing your body to use sugar for energy

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26
Q

Pharmaceutical

A

How a drug progresses from the state in which it was administered through the stages in which it is disintegrated and then dissolved in solution

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27
Q

Pharmokinetic

A

Effect of the body on the drug

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28
Q

Absorbtion

A

How fast

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29
Q

Distribution

A

How it moves

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30
Q

Metabolism

A

Where it is utilized

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31
Q

Excretion

A

How long to leave

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32
Q

Water soluble

A

Substance the can easily dissolve in water

33
Q

Fat soluble

A

Vitamins that dissolve in fat and oil, stored in the body fatty tissue and liver

34
Q

Bioavailability

A

Percentage of a drug that makes it into the blood stream

35
Q

Half-life

A

Time it takes for one-half of the drug concentration to be eliminated

36
Q

estrogen

A

Steroid hormone associated with the female reproductive organs and is responsible for developing female sexual characteristics

37
Q

Catecholamines

A

Chemicals that act as neurotransmitters and hormones to help maintain homeostasis

38
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Hormones and neurotransmitters that are involved in the fight or flight system

39
Q

dopamine

A

Feel good hormone

40
Q

warfarin

A

oral anticoagulant commonly used to treat and prevent blood clots

41
Q

Pharmacodynamic

A

The effect of the drug molecules in the body

42
Q

Agonist

A

Drug that leads to a physiologic response

42
Q

Antagonist

A

Drug that interferes with or counters the desired action of an agonist

43
Q

Narcan (naloxone)

A

Opioid receptor, eliminates all signs of opioid intoxication

43
Q

PED’s

A

performance enhancing drugs

44
Q

Therapeutic Index (TI)

A

Ratio that compares the blood concentration at which a drug causes a therapeutic effect to the amount that causes death or toxicity

45
Q

cocaine

A

Addictive drug that stimulates the nervous system

45
Q

Asymptomatic

A

no symptoms

45
Q

Beta Blockers

A

Medicines that lowers BP

45
Q

Steroids (anabolic)

A

Synthetic versions of testosterone

46
Q

Noncomplience

A

Failure to act accordingly

47
Q

Identify

A

Determine the causes of noncompliance with supportive, probing questions; empathic responses; and other universal statements

47
Q

Manage

A

Develop partnerships with patients

48
Q

Recognize

A

using objective and subjective evidence, the pharmacist can determine if the patient has an existing compliance problem

48
Q

B-adrenergic blocking agents

A

Used to treat high BP, chest pain (angina), abnormal heart rate (arrhythmia), congestive heart failure

49
Q

Antiarrhythmic agents

A

Class of drugs that treat abnormal heart rhythms

50
Q

Bronchodilators

A

Opens the airways and relaxes muscles in the lungs

51
Q

Calcium channel blockers

A

Class of drug that prevents calcium from entering the muscle cells of the heart and blood vessels which lowers bp

52
Q

Cardiac glycosides

A

Class of drugs used to treat heart conditions such as congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and atrial flutter

53
Q

Nitrates

54
Q

Amiodarone (cordarone)

55
Q

Sotalol (betapace)

56
Q

Atenolol (tenormin)

57
Q

Metoprolol (lopressor SR, Toprol XL)

58
Q

Carvedilol (coreg)

59
Q

Albuterol (proventil)

60
Q

Ipratropium (Atrovent)

61
Q

Diltiazem (cardizem CD)

62
Q

Verapamil (calan)

63
Q

Amlodipine (Norvasc)

64
Q

Nifedipine (adalat)

65
Q

Digoxin (lanoxin)

66
Q

Nicotine

67
Q

Isosorbide mononitrate

68
Q

Isosorbide dinitrate

69
Q

Psychotropics

A

drug that affects a persons mental state

70
Q

Thyroid agents

71
Q

Angiotensin Receptor Blockers

A

Class of medications used to treat high bp, heart failure and kidney disease

72
Q

Vasodilators

A

opens of dilates blood vessels

Clinical Exercise Physiology (1 decks)

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