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Medic 42 Studying > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Define Pharmacology

A

Study of chemical interaction within the body. Biomed science

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2
Q

Difference between Medication and Drug

A

Medication refers to a substance used to treat an illness or injury
Drug is a substance that produces physiologic effect

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3
Q

First Regulation on Medications

A

Pure Food and Drug Act 1906

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4
Q

Who is responsible for approving new meds and removing unsafe meds?

A

FDA

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5
Q

What 4 things are considered with Drug storage

A

Light
Moisture
Temperature
Shelf life

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6
Q

What is Tall man lettering used for?

A

To prevent confusion

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7
Q

What is the Official standard for Drug information?

A

US Pharmacopeia

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8
Q

Define Pharmacodynamics

A

Administered, begins to alter functions in the body

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9
Q

Define Pharmacokinetics

A

Actions of the body on the medication

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10
Q

How are most drugs eliminated?

A

Through Urine

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11
Q

Explain Agonist medications

A

Initiate or alter cellular activity binding to receptor sites and prompting cellular response

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12
Q

Explain Antagonist medications

A

Meds prevent endogenous chemicals from reaching receptor sites

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13
Q

Explain Affinity

A

Force of attraction between drug & receptor site

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14
Q

What are Endogenous chemicals?

A

Chemicals that occur naturally within the body

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15
Q

What are Exogenous chemicals?

A

Chemicals or meds that occur outside the body

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16
Q

Explain Potency

A

Highly potent drugs require less of a dose to have a strong effect and vice versa with lower potency drugs

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17
Q

What is the Efficacy of a drug?

A

The extent a drug can produce a response when all receptor sites are occupied

18
Q

Meds distribute into what primary 3 types of body substances?

A

Water soluable
Lipids/fat
Protein (Liver)

19
Q

How to convert lbs to Kilo’s

A
  1. Divide pt’s weight in lbs by half
  2. Subtract 10% of that number
    e.g. 180/2 = 90 - 10% (*9) = 81 kg
20
Q

LD50

A

Median Lethal Dose

21
Q

TD50

A

Median Toxic Dose

22
Q

ED50

A

Median Effective Dose

23
Q

What is Cross Tolerance

A

Tolerance to drugs in the same class

24
Q

What is Medication interference?

A

Undesirable interactions between medications

25
Q

What is Potentiation?

A

Presence of one medication greatly enhanced by presence of another medication

26
Q

Define Bioavailability

A

Percentage of unchanged medication that reaches systemic circulation

27
Q

What is the major consideration of Oral medications efficacy?

A

PO meds are subjected to first pass metabolism

28
Q

What route provides 100% bioavailability?

A

IV

29
Q

What route provides near 100% bioavailability?

A

IN

30
Q

What is the leading cause of disease transmission in the healthcare setting?

A

Needlesticks

31
Q

What are the three barriers Drugs pass through?

A

Blood Brain Barrier
Blood Testes
Blood Placenta

32
Q

Define Half-life

A

Time needed for an average person to metabolize the drug, or eliminate 50%

33
Q

RICE Acronym

A

Right Indication/Color, Content, Clarity/Expiration

34
Q

What do alpha agents cause?

A

Vasoconstriction

35
Q

Cardiac Medication Class 1

A

Slows movement of Na+ in cardiac cells (e.g. Procainamide, Lidocaine)

36
Q

Cardiac Medication Class 2

A

Beta-adrenergic blockers

37
Q

Cardiac Medication Class 3

A

Prolongs absolute refractory period (e.g. Amiodarone)

38
Q

Cardiac Medication Class 4

A

Calcium Channel Blockers`

39
Q

Cardiac Medication Class 5

A

Adenosine

40
Q

What receptors in the body dictate the release of Epinephrine?

A

Baroreceptors

41
Q

S/S of Hyperkalemia

A

Generalized fatigue, Weakness, Paresthesis, Paralysis, Palpitations, Hypotension

Medic 42 Studying (6 decks)

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