Pharmacology

Question 1

What do Class I antiarrhythmics affect?

Answer 1

Sodium Channels

Question 2

What do Class II antiarrhythmics affect?

Answer 2

Block epinephrine and norepinephrine from binding to beta-adrenergic receptors in cardiac tissue (block sympathetic activity)

Question 3

What do Class III antiarrhythmics affect?

Answer 3

Potassium Channels

Question 4

What do Class IV antiarrhythmics affect?

Answer 4

Calcium Channels

Question 5

What are the mechanisms of Class I - Sodium-Channel Blockers? (AP = Action Potential)

Answer 5

Reduce Phase 0 (slower depolarization) and reduce peak of AP

Question 6

What are the mechanisms of Class IA - MODERATE Sodium Channel Blockers? (APD = action potential duration, ERP = effective refractory period)

Answer 6

MODERATE reduction in Phase 0 slope; INCREASE in APD and INCREASE of ERP

Question 7

What are the mechanisms of Class IB - WEAK Sodium Channel Blockers? (APD = action potential duration, ERP = effective refractory period)

Answer 7

SMALL reduction in Phase 0 slope; DECREASE in APD and DECREASE of ERP

Question 8

What are the mechanisms of Class IC - STRONG Sodium Channel Blockers? (APD = action potential duration, ERP = effective refractory period)

Answer 8

LARGE reduction in Phase 0 slope; NO EFFECT ON APD and ERP

Question 9

What are the mechanisms of Class II - Beta Blockers?

Answer 9

Block sympathetic activity; reduce rate and conduction

Question 10

What are the mechanisms of Class III - Potassium-Channel Blockers?

Answer 10

Delay repolarization (Phase 3) & thereby increase Action Potential duration (APD) & the Effective Refractory Period (ERP)

Question 11

What are the mechanisms of Class IV - Calcium-Channel Blockers?

Answer 11

Block L-type Calcium-channels; most effective at SA & AV nodes; reduce rate and conduction

Question 12

Examples of Class IA drugs?

Answer 12

Disopyramide, Quinidine, Procainamide

Question 13

What is the mnemonic for Class IA drugs?

Answer 13

1 Double Quarter Pounder

Question 14

Examples of Class IB drugs?

Answer 14

Lidocaine, Mexeletine, Tocalnide

Question 15

What is the mnemonic for Class IB drugs?

Answer 15

w/ Lettuce, Mayo, and Tomato

Question 16

Examples of Class IC drugs?

Answer 16

Moricizine, Flecanide, Propefanone

Question 17

What is the mnemonic for Class IC drugs?

Answer 17

and More Fries Please

Question 18

Examples of Class II drugs?

Answer 18

Propanolol, Atenalol, Metoprolol

Question 19

What is the mnemonic for Class II drugs?

Answer 19

Beta Blockers? LOL

Question 20

Examples of Class III drugs?

Answer 20

Sotalol, Amiodarone, Dofelitide

Question 21

What is the mnemonic for Class III drugs?

Answer 21

This is SAD

Question 22

Examples of Class IV drugs?

Answer 22

Diltiazem, Verapamil

Question 23

What is the mnemonic for Class IV drugs?

Answer 23

I and V in Class IV?

Question 24

What class(es) of drugs are prescribed for the following condition: Sinus Tachycardia

Answer 24

Class II, IV

Question 25

What class(es) of drugs are prescribed for the following condition: Atrial Fib/ Flutter

Answer 25

Class 1A, IC, II, III, IV, adenosine

Question 26

What class(es) of drugs are prescribed for the following condition: Para. SVT

Answer 26

Class 1A, IC, II, III, IV, adenosine

Question 27

What class(es) of drugs are prescribed for the following condition: AV Block

Answer 27

Atropine

Question 28

What class(es) of drugs are prescribed for the following condition: Ventricular Tachycardia (VT)

Answer 28

Class I, II, III

Question 29

What class(es) of drugs are prescribed for the following condition: PVCs

Answer 29

Class II, IV, magnesium sulfate (PVCs often benign)

Question 30

What class(es) of drugs are prescribed for the following condition: Digitalis Toxicity

Answer 30

Class IB, magnesium sulfate