Pharmacology Flashcards
POMP
P is purine thiol (mercaptopurine), O is oncovin (vincristine), M is methotrexate and P is prednisolone
Which of the following anticancer agent produces crystalluria?
Methotrexate
Methotrexate is an antimetabolite that inhibits DHFR is weakly acidic and forms crystals in urine. Frequent hydration and alkanization of urine can control crystalluria.
Anticancer that inhibit Thymidylate synthethases
5-fluorouracil
inhibits thymidylate synthetase enzyme thereby inhibits the conversion of deoxy uridine monophosphate (dUMP) into deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP) leading to decreased synthesis of thymidine.
CCS
Vinca alkaloids, taxanes, etoposide, Antimetabolites, Bleomycin
Vinca alkaloids, taxanes, etoposide (Etoposide and teniposide: late S-G2 phase) which act on M phase and Antimetabolites acting on S phase. Bleomycin (G2 phase), even acts by breakage of DNA strands, still cell cylce specific.
CCNS
alkylating agents like carmustine, cyclophosphamide and cytotoxic antibiotics like dactinomycin and platinum compounds like cisplatin.
MOA Vincristine VS Taxanes
Vincristine inhibits polymerization of free beta tubules into microtubules hence act as spindle poison.
Taxanes like paclitaxel and docetaxel does not inhibit formation of microtubules but cause their stabilization leading to inhibition of mitotic division.
Less neurotoxic synthetic Vinca alkaloids
Vinorelbine
because bind specifically to mitotic tubulin rather than neural microtubules
Drug that inhibit DNA polymerase
Cytarabine
Name Anthracycline Abx
Daunorubicin
Epirubicin
Doxorubicin
IdarubicinN
Antibiotic that act as alkylating agent
Antibiotic that effective in hypoxic tumor stem cell
Mitomycin a.k.a mitomycin-C
Testicular Cancer can be treated with?
Vinblastine
Cisplatin
Bleomycin
Name Top I and Top II inhibitor.
Top I - Etoposide, Teniposide
Top II - Irinotecan, Topotecan, Doxorubicin
Anticancer for ALL (Acute Lymphoblastic leukemia).
Asparaginase
Mercaptopurine
What are adverse effect of Asparaginase?
Allergic rxn (anaphylaxis) Hyperglycemia Pancreatitis Mental depression CNS thrombosis Hyperalbuminemia Hepatotoxicity (increase transaminase) Coagulopathy
Anticancer for choriocarcinoma?
MTX
Dactinomycin (gestational chorioCA)
Can cause significant renal dysfunction and ototoxicity
Ciplastin
Anticancer drug that is also used to treat psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis:
Methotrexate
Most common mechanism of resistance to both 6-MP (6-mercaptopurine) and 6-TG (6-thioguanine):
A- increased levels of dihydrofolate
reductase (DHFR)
B- increased drug efflux from the cells by
increased active transport
C- decreased HGPRT activity
D- decreased polyglutamate formation
C
Major mechanism of action:polyfunctional alkylating agents
A- alkyl group transfer to mitotic proteins
B- interaction with carboxyl, sulfhydryl,
amino, hydroxyl, and phosphate groups
of non-nuclear cellular constituents
C- alkylation of DNA
C
Less gastrointestinal and renal toxicity:
A- cisplatin
B- carboplatin
carboplatin
Teniposide used in?
Monocytic leukemia
Testicular CA
Lung CA
Lymphoma
Lymphoma only, others is Etoposide
This nitrogen mustard is clinically useful in managing chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
A- Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
B- Chlorambucil (Leukeran)
C- Melphalan (Alkeran)
B
