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B8W5 > PHARMACOLOGY > Flashcards

PHARMACOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

what drug classes are bromocriptine and cabergoline?

A

dopamine D2R receptor agonists

can have some effect on serotonin receptors

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2
Q

describe bromocriptine and cabergoline’s mechanism of action?

A

act on D2 receptors in the pituitary to decrease endocrine secretion (TSH, GH, ACTH, prolactin, LH, FSH, MSH, ADH and oxytocin)

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3
Q

what drug class is metoclopramide?

A

a dopamine D2R receptor antagonist

also has some effects on serotonin receptors

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4
Q

what is metoclopramide’s mechanism of action?

A

to inhibit the effect of hypothalamic dopamine release on the pituitary gland thus increasing endocrine secretions

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5
Q

what are some indications for metoclopramide?

A

nausea
vomiting
hiccup
acute migraine

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6
Q

what are some indications of bromocriptine and cabergoline?

A

prevention/suppression of lactation, hypogonadism, galactorrhea, infertility and Parkinson’s disease

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7
Q

what is the mechanism of action of carbimazole?

A

its metabolised in the liver to produce methimazole which inhibits thyroid peroxidase, reducing iodination of thyroglobulin and reducing levels of T3 and T4

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8
Q

what are indications of carbimazole?

A

hyperthyroidism

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9
Q

what drug class is levothyroxine?

A

a full agonist of thyroxine (T4) receptors

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10
Q

what is levothyroxine’s mechanism of action?

A

mimics the effects of thyroxine at the thyroid hormone receptor and increases cardiac output, ventilation rate, basal metabolic rate, bone growth, neuronal maturation and endometrial thickening

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11
Q

what drug class is protirelin?

A

a synthetic thyrotropin-releasing hormone

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12
Q

what is protirelin’s mechanism of action?

A

mimics the effects of TRH on the anterior pituitary, increasing TSH release and promoting release of thyroid hormones

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13
Q

what are some indications of levothyroxine?

A

primary hypothyrodisim

hyperthyroidism

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14
Q

what drug class is desmopressin?

A

a synthetic ADH analogue

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15
Q

what is desmopressin’s mechanism of action?

A

it binds to the ADH receptor in target tissues to produce the same effect act ADH (vasoconstriction, gluconeogenesis, ACTH release, water reabsorption)

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16
Q

what are the indications of desmopressin?

A

diabetes insipidus
polyurea
polydipsia

17
Q

what drug class is octreotide?

A

a somatostatin receptor agonist

18
Q

what is octreotide’s effect?

A

it redcues endocrine release from the anterior pituitary

19
Q

what are the indications of octreotide?

A

acromegaly (where body produces too much growth hormones)

20
Q

what are somatostatin effects on the anterior pituitary?

A

inhibiting the release of GH, GnRH and TSH

21
Q

what drug class is pegvisomant?

A

a growth hormone receptor agonist

22
Q

what is pegvisomant’s mechanism of action?

A

reduces the eggiest of growth hormone on its receptor, causing reduced levels of insulin-like growth factor 1, down regulating protein kinase B and so reducing cell growth/proliferation

23
Q

what are the indications of pegvisomant?

A

acromegaly

24
Q

what is somatropin?

A

a synthetically produced human growth hormone

25
Q

what are the indications of somatropin?

A

turner syndrome

growth hormone deficiency

26
Q

what drug class is tetracosactide?

A

a ACTH receptor agonist in the adrenal cortex

27
Q

what is tetracosactide’s mechanism of action?

A

it binds to the ACTH receptor in the adrenal cortex, increasing levels of cortisol and causing increased blood sugar, metabolism , immune suppression and reduced bone formation

28
Q

what are the indications of tetracosactide?

A

diagnosis of adrenocortical insufficiency

29
Q

what drug class is clomiphene?

A

a competitive, partial agonist of the oestrogen receptor in the hypothalamus

30
Q

what is clomiphene’s mechanism of action?

A

Clomifene appears to stumulate the release of gonadotropins, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and leuteinizing hormone (LH), which leads to the development and maturation of ovarian follicle, ovulation, and subsequent development and function of the coprus luteum, thus resulting in pregnancy.

31
Q

what are the indications of clomiphene?

A

female infertility due to anovulation

32
Q

what drug class is oxytocin?

A

a full agonist of oxytoci receptors

33
Q

what is oxytocin’s mechanism of action?

A

to bind to the oxytocin receptor and promote uterine contarctsion, reduce post-partum haemorrhage, milk-let down during suckling, maternal behaviour, sexual arousal

34
Q

what are the indications of oxytocin?

A

inducing labour
caesarean secton
preventing postpartum haemorrhage and for miscarriage

35
Q

what drug class is carbetocin?

A

a synthetic oxytocin analogue

36
Q

what drug class is atosiban?

A

a synthetic oxytocin analogue

B8W5 (5 decks)

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