Pharmacology 1

Question 1

Define pharmacology?

Answer 1

Study of effect of drug on living system

Question 2

Define pharmacodynamics?

Answer 2

Study of biochemical and physiological effect of drug and mechanism of action

Question 3

Define pharmokinetic?

Answer 3

Absorption, distribution, biotransfer and extortion of drug

Question 4

Define toxicology?

Answer 4

Adverse effect of drugs and chemical

Question 5

Define pharmacotherapeutics?

Answer 5

Use of drugs in prevention and tx of disease

Question 6

What do drugs do?

Answer 6

Chemical substance of known structure that when given to organism produce biological effect
Modify physiological process - don’t create new process of effect

Question 7

Characteristics of drugs?

Answer 7

1. Specific - drug produce one effect
2. Selective - effect over therapeutic window
3. Toxicitiy - beyond therapeutic range

Question 8

Biological target of drug?

Answer 8

1. Receptor
2. Ion channels
3. Enzyme
4. Transporter

Question 9

Class cell-surface receptor?

Answer 9

1. Ion channel linked
2. G protein linked
3. Enzyme linked

Question 10

Name some receptor subtypes?

Answer 10

Adrenoreceptor
B1 - heart - if stimulated increase HR
B2 - lungs - dilation of smooth muscle

Question 11

What is EC50

Answer 11

Conc of drug needed to produce 50% max effect

Question 12

What is potency?

Answer 12

Amount of drug required to produce effect - depend affinity and efficacy

Question 13

What is efficacy?

Answer 13

Relationship between receptor occupancy and ability to produce response

Question 14

What is affinity?

Answer 14

Ability to bind to receptor

Question 15

What is difference between receptor and acceptor?

Answer 15

Acceptor - substrate drug bind to w/o causing effect

Receptor - cell component involved in reaction

Question 16

What is difference between agonist and antagonist?

Answer 16

Agonist - initiate response

Antagonist - doesn’t initiate response - prevent agonist from binding

Question 17

Name some effects of drug?

Answer 17

1. Therapeutic effect - desired effect
2. Side effect - effect other than therapeutic - occur therapeutic dose
3. Toxic/ adverse - harmful effect
4. Lethal

Question 18

How to transport ion channel work and give example?

Answer 18

LA

Block Na ion channel causing depolarised impulse conduction

Question 19

Example extracellular receptor response?

Answer 19

GABA

Benzodiazepine - GABA - increase freq of Cl- channel opening

Question 20

Difference benzodiazepines and barbiturates?

Answer 20

Benzodiazepam- increase freq of Cl- channel opening

Barbiuturates - increase duration of Cl- opening