Pharmacologic Treatment Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the effect of HRT on post menopausal symptoms

A

HRT is effective at relieving post menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes and vaginal dryness

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2
Q

Describe the effect of HRT on osteoporotic fractures

A

HRT decreases risk for these fractures

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3
Q

Describe the effect of HRT on coronary heart disease

A

HRT causes a 22% increase in total cardiovascular disease and a 29% increase in risk of MI and coronary disease

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4
Q

List 3 of the most popular types of HRT

A
  • Premarin
  • prempro
  • orthoprefest
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5
Q

How do SERMs differ from estrogen?

A

SERMs, such as raloxifone, mimic effects of estrogen in while simultaneously blocking its effects in other tissues

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6
Q

Advantages of raloxifene?

A

Effective at preventing post menopausal osteoporosis without causing endometrial proliferation or increasing the risk of breast CA. Also improves lipid profile.

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7
Q

Disadvantages of raloxifene?

A

Increase in venous thrombosis as well as hot flashes and cramps

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8
Q

How do biphosphates prevent bone resorption?

A

Bind to mineralized bone surfaces and inhibit osteoclastic activity

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9
Q

Advantages of biphosphates?

A

Prevention and tx of osteoporosis

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10
Q

Only med approved for to of osteoporosis in men?

A

Alendronate

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11
Q

Disadvantages of bisphosphonates?

A
  • abdominal and musculoskeletal pain
  • nausea
  • heartburn
  • irritation of esophagus
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12
Q

Currently available bisphosphonates (4):

A

-alendronate, risendronate, zoledronic acid, ibandronate

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13
Q

How does calcitonin prevent bone resorption?

A

Increases levels of Ca and K in the bones and lowers levels of Ca in blood

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14
Q

Advantages of calcitonin?

A

Reduces risk of new VCF, occasionally able to relieve pain of spinal fractures

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15
Q

Disadvantages of calcitonin?

A

Minimal risks
Nasal form can cause upset stomach, diarrhea
Least effective osteoporosis med

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16
Q

How does Forteo stimulate bone growth?

A

Stimulates osteoblasts to build new bone and improve bone density

17
Q

Advantages of Forteo

A

-can build new bone

18
Q

Disadvantages of Forteo

A
  • questionable if increases incidence of bone CA

- no more than 2 year duration of Rx

19
Q

Describe the effect of HRT on Osteoporosis:

A

HRT can prevent bone loss but is unable to restore bone mass