Pharmacologic Principles

Question 1

Drug interactions in which the effect of a combination of two or more drugs with similar actions is equivalent to the sum of the individuals of the same drugs given alone

Answer 1

Additive Effect

Question 2

Any undesirable occurence related to administering or failing to administer a prescribed medication

Answer 2

Adverse drug event

Question 3

Any unexpected, unintended, undesired, excessive response to a medication given at therapeutic dosages

Answer 3

Adverse drug reaction

Question 4

A general term for any undesirable effects that are a direct response to one or more drugs

Answer 4

Adverse Effects

Question 5

A drug that binds to and stimulates the activity of one more receptors in the body

Answer 5

Agonist

Question 6

An immunologic hypersensitivity reaction resulting from the unusual sensitivity of a patient to a particular medication

Answer 6

Allergic reaction

Question 7

A drug that binds to and inhibits the activity of one or more receptors in the body

Answer 7

Antagonist

Question 8

Drug interactions in which the effect of a combination of two or more drugs is less than the sum of individual effects of the same drugs given alone

Answer 8

Antagonistic effects

Question 9

A measure of the extent of drug absorption for a given drug and route

Answer 9

Bioavailability

Question 10

One or more biochemical reactions involving a parent drug, occurs in the liver

Answer 10

Biotransformation or Metabolism

Question 11

The barrier system that restricts the passage of various chemicals and microscopic entities between the bloodstream and the CNS

Answer 11

Blood-brain barrier

Question 12

Name that describes the chemical composition and molecular structure of a drug

Answer 12

Chemical name

Question 13

Any condition, especially one related to a disease state or patient characteristics, including current or recent drug therapy, that renders a particular form of treatment improper or undesirable

Answer 13

Contraindication

Question 14

Any chemical that affects the physiologic processes of a living organism

Answer 14

Drug

Question 15

The initial metabolism in the liver of a drug absorbed from the GIT before the drug reaches the systemic circulation through the bloodstream

Answer 15

First Pass Effect

Question 16

The name given to a drug by the Drug agency, also called the nonproprietary name, not protected by trademarks

Answer 16

Generic Name

Question 17

The time required for a half of an administered dose of drug to be eliminated by the body or the time it takes for the blood level of a drug to be reduced by 50%

Answer 17

Half-Life

Question 18

The time required for a drug to reach its maximum therapeutic response in the body

Answer 18

Peak effect

Question 19

The physiologic state in which the amount of drug removed via elimination is equal to the amount of drug absorbed with each dose

Answer 19

Steady state

Question 20

Drug interaction in which the effect of a combination of two or more drugs with similar actions is greater than the sum of the individual effects of the same drugs given alone

Answer 20

Synergistic Effects

Question 21

The process of measuring drug levels to identify a patient’s drug exposure and to allow adjustment of dosages with the goals of maximizing therapeutic effects and minimizing toxicity

Answer 21

TDM/ Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

Question 22

The desired or intended effect of a particular medication

Answer 22

Therapeutic Effect

Question 23

The ratio between the toxic and therapeutic concentrations of a drug

Answer 23

Therapeutic Index

Question 24

Reduced response to a drug after prolonged use

Answer 24

Tolerance

Question 25

The condition of producing adverse bodily effects due to poisonous qualities

Answer 25

Toxicity

Question 26

The commercial name given to a drug product by its manufacturer, also called proprietary name

Answer 26

Trade Name