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lab pharmacognacy > Pharmacognosy Lab Manual > Flashcards

Pharmacognosy Lab Manual Flashcards

Pharmacognosy Lab Manual

1
Q

Drug Name of Glycyrrhiza
glabra ?

A

Liquiritae radix

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2
Q

Pharmacological
properties of Glycyrrhiza
glabra

A

Hepatoprotective
Secretolytic
Expectorant
Antiulcer
Antimicrobial
Antiviral
Antioxidant
Immunostimulant
Spazmolytic

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3
Q

drog name of Aesculus
hippocastanum

A

Hippocastani Semen (Hippocastanaceae)

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4
Q

Pharmacological
properties of Aesculus
hippocastanum

A

Hepatoprotective
Secretolytic
Expectorant
Antiulcer
Antimicrobial
Antiviral
Antioxidant
Immunostimulant
Spazmolytic

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5
Q

Fill in the blank: The compound ________, found in Glycyrrhiza glabra, is known for its hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory properties.

A

Glycyrrhetinic acid

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6
Q

________ is an orange color indicator used to detect the presence of anthranoids.

A

Answer: Orange color

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7
Q

Curcuma longa, a plant from the family Zingiberaceae, contains the active compound ________, which has known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties

A

Curcumin

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8
Q

The reaction with ________ reagent is used to confirm the presence of flavonoids in a sample by producing a color change.

A

Shibata

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9
Q

Which family does Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s Wort) belong to?

A

Hypericaceae

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10
Q

Which of the following compounds is known for its laxative and antibacterial effects and is found in Senna alexandrina

A

Sennoside

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11
Q

What type of tannin is identified by a blue-black color when tested with iron salts?

A

Gallic tannin

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12
Q

The pharmacological property of reducing retinal edema and protecting vascular systems is associated with which compound?

A

Anthocyanin

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13
Q

Which reagent is used to identify the presence of catechic tannins through the formation of a precipitate?

A

Stiasny reagent

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14
Q

Aesculus hippocastanum, commonly known as horse chestnut, contains ________, which is useful in treating chronic venous insufficiency.

A

escin

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15
Q

Fill in the blank: ________ is used as a dye in microscopic observations and is the main reagent for staining in several pharmacognosy experiments.

A

sartur

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16
Q

The plant Hypericum perforatum, also known as St. John’s Wort, contains ________, which is noted for its antidepressant effects

A

Hypericin

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17
Q

The presence of anthocyanins, which show a ________ color in acidic conditions, indicates antioxidant properties in various plants.

A

Red

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18
Q

Which of the following plants is commonly used for its diuretic and anti-inflammatory properties and belongs to the Ericaceae family?

A

Vaccinium myrtillus

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19
Q

Which test is used to confirm the presence of gallic tannins by creating a blue-black color?

A

Iron Salt Assay

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20
Q

The compound glycyrrhizin, known for its anti-ulcer properties, is primarily found in which of the following plants?

A

Glycyrrhiza glabra

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21
Q

In the Shibata reaction, a purple color indicates the presence of which compound?

A

Flavanone

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22
Q

Anthocyanin compounds, which exhibit vitamin P activity and antioxidant properties, are generally ________ in acidic conditions.

A

red

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23
Q

Which of the following compounds is identified by its foam production and is known for emulsifying properties, often found in saponins?

A

saponin

24
Q

What characteristic color change does Shibata reaction show for flavonols?

A

Cherry red

25
Q

he compound ________, found in (horse chestnut), has properties that protect against edema and reduce inflammation.

A

Aesculus hippocastanum (escin)

26
Q

Which compound, commonly found in ………………., shows antidepressant effects by acting as an antagonist at the k-opioid receptor?

A

Hypericum perforatum (Hypericin)

27
Q

What is the primary use of Curcuma longa in traditional medicine, related to its active compound curcumin?

A

Antioxidant

28
Q

Which plant’s root is primarily known for its hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory activities

A

Glycyrrhiza glabra

29
Q

Fill in the blank: Sambucus nigra (Elderberry) is commonly used for its effects in treating ________ and ________.

A

Answer: Cold; influenza

30
Q

Decoction is an extraction method by pouring boiled water over the plant material for a couple of minutes.
Select one
*⁠ ⁠True
*⁠ ⁠False

A

false

31
Q

Qualitative analysis is just concerned with the presence or absence of phytochemicals in that extract.
Select one:
True
False

A

true

32
Q

Which one is wrong regarding Glycyrrhiza glabra?
a. Glycyrrhetinic acid contains sugar molecule.
b. The root part of plant is used as a drug.
c. Glycyrrhizin is steroidal saponin of Glycyrrhiza glabra.
d. The drug of that plant has secretolytic and expectorant effect.

A

a. Glycyrrhetinic acid contains sugar molecule.

33
Q

Which one is not an active compound of Curcumae longae rhizoma?
a. Demethoxycurcumin
b. Escin
c. Zingiberene
d. Curcumin

A

b escin

34
Q

Curcuminoids are observed as brown spots in daylight.
Select one:
True
False

A

false

35
Q

Which one is not a method to increase bioavailability of curcumin?
*⁠ ⁠a. The direct use of plant Curcumae longae rhizoma
*⁠ ⁠b. The use of turmeric oil
*⁠ ⁠c. Formulating liposomal curcumin
*⁠ ⁠d. The use of adjuvants such as piperine together with curcumin
*⁠ ⁠e. Formulating curcumin nanoparticles

A

⁠a. The direct use of plant Curcumae longae rhizoma

36
Q

The root part of Curcuma longa is used as a drug.
Select one:
True
False

A

true

37
Q

Which one is wrong regarding curcumin?
a. Curcumin is
responsible for the yellow color of turmeric.
b. The compound class is terpenoid.
C. It exhibits keto-enol tautomerism.
d. It is soluble in
chloroform and dichloromethane.

A

b. The compound class is terpenoid

38
Q

Which one is wrong regarding curcumin experiment?
a. Curcuminoids show pale yellow fluorescence under 366 nm UV light.
b. If Rf value is 0.20 we can understand that the compound is demethoxycurcumin
⁠c. Rf value: 0.45 means the compound is bisdemethoxycurcumin
d. Dichloromethane is used as solvent in extraction of Curcumae longae rhizoma.

A

c. Rf value: 0.45 means the compound is bisdemethoxycurcumin

39
Q

Which one is wrong regarding curcumin?
a. The compound class is terpenoid.
b. It is soluble in chloroform and dichloromethane.
c. Curcumin is responsible for the yellow color of turmeric.
d. It exhibits keto-enol tautomerism.

A

a. The compound class is terpenoid.

40
Q

Curcuminoids are observed as brown spots in daylight.
Select one:
*⁠ ⁠True
*⁠ ⁠False

A

false

41
Q

Which one is not a method to increase bioavailability of curcumin?
O a. The use of adjuvants such as piperine together with curcumin O b. Formulating liposomal curcumin
*⁠ ⁠c. Formulating curcumin nanoparticles
*⁠ ⁠d. The use of turmeric oil
*⁠ ⁠e. The direct use of plant Curcumae longae rhizoma

A

*⁠ ⁠e. The direct use of plant Curcumae longae rhizoma

42
Q

Which one is not a method to increase bioavailability of curcumin?
a. The use of adjuvants such as piperine together with curcumin
*⁠ ⁠b. Formulating liposomal curcumin
*⁠ ⁠c. The use of turmeric oil
*⁠ ⁠d. Formulating curcumin nanoparticles
*⁠ ⁠e.The direct use of plant Curcumae longae rhizoma

A

⁠e.The direct use of plant Curcumae longae rhizoma

43
Q

Which one is not an active compound of Curcumae longae rhizoma?
a. Curcumin
*⁠ ⁠b. Escin
*⁠ ⁠c. Demethoxycurcumin
*⁠ ⁠d. Zingiberene

A

b escin

44
Q

Which type of the crystal found in Glycyrrhiza glabra?
*⁠ ⁠a. Prismatic crystal
*⁠ ⁠b. Crystal sand
*⁠ ⁠c. Raphide
d. Druse
*⁠ ⁠e. Cystolith

A

*⁠ ⁠a. Prismatic crystal

45
Q

Which of the following is not a reagent used in Microscopy in Pharmacognosy?
a. Chlor-zinc-iodine
b. Hydrochloric acid
c. Picric acid
d. Sartur
e. Chloral hydrate

A

sareur

46
Q

What is the main pharmacological property of Hyperici herba?
*⁠ ⁠a. Antiviral
*⁠ ⁠b. Hepatoprotective
*⁠ ⁠c. Anti-inflammatory
*⁠ ⁠d. Antiulcer
*⁠ ⁠e. Antidepressant

A

⁠e. Antidepressant

47
Q

Injection preparations derived from which of the following drugs are used in acute liver poisoning?
*⁠ ⁠a. Sambuci flos
*⁠ ⁠b. Carduii mariae fructus
c. Glycine max
d. Hyperici herba
*⁠ ⁠e. Liquiritiae radix:

A

⁠b. Carduii mariae fructus

48
Q

Which of the following is the compound responsible for the phototoxicity of Hypericum perforatum?

a. Hyperforin

*⁠ ⁠b. Hesperidin

*⁠ ⁠c. Hypericin

*⁠ ⁠d. Rutin

c. Hyperoside

A

c. Hyperoside

49
Q

Which of the following is not a citrus flavonoid?
a. Rutin
b. Diosmin
c. Sambunignn
d. Naringin
e.Hesperidin

A

c. Sambunignn

50
Q

Which of the following types of flavonoids are also called ‘phytoestrogens’ due to their phytoestrogenic effects?
a. Flavones
b. Flavonols
c. Neoflavones
d. Flavanones
e. Isoflavones

A

e. Isoflavones

51
Q

Which of the following is wrong regarding flavonoid experiment?
O a. Under 254 nm UV light, flavonoids produce yellow spots (TLC with 25% NH3 vapor).
b. Orange-red-purple coloration is the indicator of presence of flavonoids.
c. Under 366 nm UV light, flavonoids produce bright yellow-green spots (TLC with Vanilin/H2S04).
d. Discharge of gas after adding magnesium metal is an indicator of presence of flavonoids.
e. Under daylight, yellow spots on TLC plate indicates presence of flavonoids.

A

d. Discharge of gas after adding magnesium metal is an indicator of presence of flavonoids.

52
Q

Which part of the Silybum marianum is used as a drug?

*⁠ ⁠a. Leaf
*⁠ ⁠b. Fruit
*⁠ ⁠c. Seed
*⁠ ⁠d. Root
*⁠ ⁠e. Stem

A

seed

53
Q

If 1 cm foam height is seen in the 4th tube, what is the foam index?
a. 0,4
b. 2,5
c. 250
d. 25

A

25

54
Q

Which one is wrong regarding
Glycyrrhiza glabra?

a. Glycyrrhizin is
steroidal saponin of Glycyrrhiza glabra.
b. The drug of that plant has secretolytic and expectorant effect.
с. Glycyrrhetinic acid contains sugar molecule.
*⁠ ⁠d. The root part of plant
is used as a drug.

A

с. Glycyrrhetinic acid contains sugar molecule.

55
Q

Which one is wrong regarding saponins?
a. Triterpenic saponins has generally 30 carbon atoms.
b. Aglycone part of saponin is called sapogenin.
c. Saponins are insoluble in water.
d. It is a glycoside so it contains sugar molecule.
e. Producing permanent lasting foam is the characteristic feature of saponins

A

c. Saponins are insoluble in water

56
Q

The drug of Aesculus hippocastanum cannot be used
a. As antioxidant
b. As antitussive
c. As anti-inflammatory
In chronic venous insufficiency
e. As edema protective

A

b. As antitussive

57
Q
A

lab pharmacognacy (1 decks)

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