PHARMACOGNOSY Flashcards
Saponin glycosides are known for the following characteristics, EXCEPT
A. Contains only the steroidal type of aglycone
B. Hemolysis of the red blood cells
C. Irritating to the mucous membrane
D. They have bitter, acid taste
E. They are insoluble in water
Contains only the steroidal type of aglycone
The main compound responsible for the bitterness of lupulin which is used in the manufacture of beer.
A. Humulone
B. Lupulone
C. Xanthohumol
D. Both A & B
E. Both B & C
Both A & B
Kamala, a dull reddish brown powder wth characteristic globular glands and unicellular curved trichomes, contain this phlorglucinol derivative with anthelmintic property.
A, Berberine
B. Emetine
C. Quinine
D. Plumbagin
E. Rottlerin
Rottlerin
The type of plant which has an additional carbon fixation system characterized by synthesizing oxaloacetic acid in the presence of light thereby reducing photorespiration and water loss.
A. C3 plants
B. C4 plants
C. CAM
D. All
E. None
C4 plants
Alginic acid which is used as a gastroprotectant is derived from marine plants which belong to this specific family.
A. Bacillariophyceae
B. Fucaceae
C. Gelidiaceae
D. Gracilariaceae
E. Gigartinaceae
Fucaceae
A tricarboxylic acid which is commercially prepared from lemons and pineapples by fermentation of sucrose.
A. Citric acid
B. Lactic acid
C. Malic acid
D. Oxalic acid
E. Tartaric acid
Citric acid
The following crude drugs have cremocarp type of fruit and belongs to family Apiaceae EXCEPT
A. Anise
B. Buchu
C. Caraway
D. Fennel
E. Celery
Buchu
In opium poppy, the amount of this alkaloid in the capsules is high when the latex is harvested after flowering.
A. Codeine
B. Morphine
C. Noscapine
D. Papaverine
E. Thebaine
Morphine
An 8-carbon sugar which was isolated from crushed Persea americana pulp and Sedum is __?
A. D-glycero- D-lactooctulose
B. D-glycero- L-lactooctulose
C. D-glycero- D-octulose
D. D-glycero- D-manno-octulose
E. D-glycero- D-gluco-octulose
D-glycero-D-manno-octulose
The following cardiacglycosides have a steroidal type of aglycone EXCEPT
A. Adonitoxin
B. Cymarin
C. Digoxin
D. Hellebrin
E. Strophanthoside
Hellebrin
Alkaloids often occur in plants in association with a characteristic acid; this is the specific acid in which opium alkaloids are commonly associated
A. Cinchotannic acid
B. Meconic acid
C. Quinic acid
D. Shikimic acid
E. Tartaric acid
Meconic acid
The tropic acid fragment of tropane alkaloids like hyoscine and hyoscyamine is derived from this specific amino acid.
A. Alanine
B. Glycine
C. Phenylalanine
D. Proline
E. Tyrosine
Phenylalanine
This is the basic unit moiety of cocaine alkaloids
A. Cinnamylcocaine
B. Egconine
C. Truxillic acid
D. All
E. None
Egconine
The following alkaloids are classified under heterocyclic alkaloids EXCEPT
A. Arecoline
B. Cocaine
C. Colchicine
D. Lobeline
E. Quinine
Colchicine
The following active principles isolated from plants exhibit haemolytic property EXCEPT
A. Arbutin
B. Glycyrrhizin
C. Senegin
D. A-solanin
E. Tomatin
Arbutin
Saponin glycoside with pentacyclic triterpenoidal aglycone is commonly isolated in dicotyledonous plants. What type of saponin will have this type of aglycone?
A. Acid saponin
B. Basic saponin
C. Neutral saponin
D. All
E. None
Acid saponin
A purified mixture of saccharides which contain not less than 93% dextrose and is prepared by controlled enzymatic hydrolysis of starch is called__?
A. Dextrose
B. Dextran
C. Dextrates
D. Liquid glucose
E. None
Dextrates
Compound benzoin tincture is commonly used as topical protectant and is composed of the following substances EXCEPT
A. Aloe
B. Benzoin
C. Peru balsam
D. Storax
E. Tolu balsam
Peru balsam
This specific compound is removed by distillation under reduced pressure from the volatile oils like lemon and orange to avoid deterioration and development of terebinthinate odor.
A. Acetate
B. Bromide
C. Chloride
D. Oxide
E. Terpene
Terpene
A C-10 compound which serves as precursor of terpenes and is formed by condensation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate and dimethyallyl pyrophosphate.
A. Farnesyl pyrophosphate
B. Geranyl pyrophosphate
C. Neryl pyrophosphate
D. Methyl pyrophosphate
E. None
Geranyl pyrophosphate
The main source of Manila copal, a resin which is commonly used for varnish.
A. Agathis alba
B. Agathis australis
C. Garcinia hanburii
D. Pinus palustris
E. Pistacia lentiscus
Agathis alba
The following active principle are used as diuretics by promoting dilation of the renal medullary blood vessel EXCEPT
A. Bearberry
B. Coffee
C. Horsetail
D. Hydrastis
E. Tea
Hydrastis
Salicin which is regarded as the natural forerunner of aspirin and was isolated from willow bark is classified as _____ glycoside
A. Alcohol
B. Lactone
C. Phenolic
D. A and B
E. A and C
A and C
The largest group among the naturally occurring phenolic compounds
A. Anthocyanins
B. Anthraquinone
C. Coumarin
D. Flavonoids
E. Tannins
Flavonoids
Pectin, a polysaccharide which occurs in the middle lamellae of cell wall and abundant in the inner portion of rind of citrus fruits is composed of repeating units of ____.
A. D-galacturonic acid
B. D-guluronic acid
C. D-mannuronic acid
D. D-glycosamine
E. D-glucoronic acid
D-galacturonic acid
The following statements are true about saponin glycosides EXCEPT
A. Saponins have high molecular weight and a high polarity and difficult to isolate.
B. Aqueous solution of saponin produces froth.
C. Saponins cause hemolysis of the RBC when injected intravenously and is toxic when taken orally.
D. The steroidal saponins are more widely distributed in nature than the pentacyclic triterpenoidal type.
E. None
The steroidal saponins are more widely distributed in nature than the pentacyclic triterpenoidal type.
The specific saponin glycoside derived from yam which serve as precursor for the manufacture of corticosteroid, oral contraceptives and sex hormones.
A. Hecogenin
B. Smilagenin
C. Diosgenin
D. Sarsapogenin
E. Parillin
Diosgenin
What type of ginseng is produced after the root was exposed to steam followed by artificial drying and sun drying?
A. Yelllow ginseng
B. White ginseng
C. Red ginseng
D. Orange ginseng
Red ginseng
The dried unpeeled or peeled root and stolons of licorice is classified under what type of glycoside?
A. Alcohol
B. Saponin
C. Sweet
D. A and B
E. B and C
B and C
Which of the following compounds is not a cyanogenic glycoside?
A. Linamarin
B. Amygdalin
C. Mannihotoxin
D. Arbutin
E. Phaseolunatin
Arbutin
Which of the following anthraquinone derivatives is an isomer of anthrone?
A. Oxanthrone
B. Anthranol
C. Dianthrone
D. Aloin
E. Anthracene
Anthranol
Which of the following statement is incorrect about anthraquinone glycosides?
A. The dihydroxy and trihydroxyphenolic derivatives of anthraquinone have purgative property.
B. Anthraquinone derivates are usually orange red compounds.
C. The laxative action of the anthraquinone is restricted to the small intestine.
D. They are soluble in hot water or dilute alcohol.
E. None
The laxative action of the anthraquinone is restricted to the small intestine.
Aloe vera gel is usually used for the treatment of the following EXCEPT
A. Burns
B. Abrasions and skin irritation
C. Inflammation
D. Diarrhea
E. Alopecia
Diarrhea
The specific reaction which involves the anaerobic conversion of glucose to pyruvic acid
A. Acetate mevalonate pathway
B. Embden-Meyerhof pathway
C. Shikimic acid pathway
D. Tricarboxylic acid pathway
E. None
Embden-Meyerhof pathway
This substance contains lactose and inorganic salts and is considered as by product of cheese production
A. Buttermilk
B. Butter
C. Condensed milk
D. Whey
E. Yogurt
Whey
This is the specific gum combined with frangula in the preparation of Movicol®
A. Acacia
B. Karaya
C. Ghatti
D. Tragacanth
E. Sodium alginate
Karaya
The following statements about anthraquinone glycosides are true, EXCEPT
A. Their aglycones are related to the anthracene structure
B. They are usually used as cathartic agents
C. The aglycone portion exhibit greater activity in the absence of the glycone
D. Upon hydrolysis, the aglycone portion consists odf a di-,tri, or tetrahydroxyanthraquinone or modifications of these compounds
E. None
The aglycone portion exhibit greater activity in the absence of the glycone
The specific enzyme which acts on the non-reducing ends of polysaccharide and produce pure maltose as product when the substrate is amylose.
A. A amylase
B. B amylase
C. Dextrinase
D. Glucosidase
E. None
B amylase
The % concentration of hetastarch solution which is used as plasma expander.
A. 4%
B. 6%
C. 8%
D. 10%
E. None
6%
The polysaccharide which is used in culture media as a fermentative identifying agent for certain bacteria and for evaluation of renal functions.
A. Agar
B. Cellulose
C. Dextran
D. Inulin
E. Starch
Inulin
This specific enzyme found in Leuconostoc mesenteroides is used to convert sucrose to dextran.
A. Dextran amylase
B. Dextrinase
C. Dextran glucosidase
D. Dextran sucrase
E. None
Dextran sucrase
One of the chief constituents of tragacanth which is more water soluble and is known as demethylated bassorin
A. Arabic acid
B. Bassorin
C. Mannuronic acid
D. Sulfate ester content
E. Tragacanthin
Tragacanthin
One of the primary constituents of Benne oil which is contained in the unsaponifiable fraction of oil and is an effective synergist for pyrethrum insecticides.
A. Pyrethin
B. Sesamol
C. Sesamolin
D. Stigmasnterol
E. Triricinolein
Sesamolin
The reaction involved in the conversion of liquid oils to semisolid fats which are used as cooking fats and shortening.
A. Dehydrogenation
B. Hydrogenation
C. Oxidation
D. Esterification
E. Saponification
Hydrogenation
The following is not a flavonoid glycoside?
A. Hyperoside
B. Quercetin
C. Rutin
D. Salicin
E. Vitexin
Salicin
The product is formed by the action of nitric acid and alcohol on turpentine oil after distillation with aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide.
A. Rectified Turpentine oil
B. Terpin hydrate
C. Terpinol
D. A and B
E. B and C
B and C
The prostaglandin which is used for palliative therapy of neonates with patent ductus arteriosus and congenital heart defects due to its vasodilating property.
A. Alprostadil
B. Carboprost
C. Dinoprost
D. Dinoprostone
E. None
Alprostadil
A substance obtain from Glycine soja which is used to control damaged of lipid and cholesterol metabolism
A. Lecithin
B. Soybean oil
C. Soybean cake
D. Soybean meal
E. None
Lecithin
What is the flour sifted from decorticated, ground seed of Glycine soja amd is used for the detection of urea nitrogen in blood serum?
A. Lecithin
B. Soybean oil
C. Soybean cake
D. Soybean meal
E. None
Soybean meal
What are these polyunsaturated octadecanoic acids which are essential for human nutrition and are referred to as Vitamin F?
A. Oleic acid
B. Linoleic acid
C. Linolenic acid
D. A and B
E. B and C
B and C
Glyceryl triacetate exhibits antifungal activity through the gradual release of this particular acid on skin in non-irritating concentration?
A. Acetic acid
B. Formic acid
C. Salicylic acid
D. Undecylenic acid
E. None of these
Acetic acid
Which of the following is not a plant wax?
A. Bayberry wax
B. Carnauba wax
C. Jojoba oil
D. Lac wax
E. None of these
None of these
Which of the following statements are true about volatile oils EXCEPT
A. They have high refractive index and mostly are optically active
B. They are usually colorless but on long standing they may oxidize and become rancid
C. They occur in specialized secretory structures
D. The chemical constituents of volatile oils are derived from either terpene or aromatic compounds
E. None
They are usually colorless but on long standing they may oxidize and become rancid
What type of distillation is employed if the fresh plant drugs are used and maceration of the plant is unnecessary?
A. Water distillation
B. Water and steam distillation
C. Direct steam distillation
D. Destructive distillation
E. None
Direct steam disstilation
Cinnamic acid and p-coumaric acid are the principal phenylpropanoid compounds found in volatile oils which are derived from which of the following aromatic amino acids?
A. Phenylalanine
B. Tyrosine
C. Proline
D. A and B
E. B and C
A and B
Which among the following is an acyclic monoterpene hydrocarbon?
A. Cymene
B. Limonene
C. Myrcene
D. Pinene
E. Sabinene
Myrcene
Which of the following is not true about menthol?
A. Natural menthol can rotate the polarized light to the left
B. It is prepared from Japanese peppermint oil by refrigeration
C. It is used as topical antipruritic agent
D. It has stimulant effect on the heart
E. None
It has stimulant effect on the heart
Which of the following principles is not derived from Eucalyptus?
A. Cineole
B. Cajuputol
C. Eucalyptol
D. Eugenol
E. None
Eugenol
Methyl salicylate can be isolated from the following oils EXCEPT
A. Betula oil
B. Clove oil
C. Gaultheria oil
D. Sweet birch oil
E. Wintergreen oil
Clove oil
Which of the following is not a source of an oleoresin?
A. Capsicum
B. Copaifera
C. Ginger
D. Pine
E. Podophyllum
Podophyllum
The most accurate way of identifying crude drugs
A. Organoleptic evaluation
B. Microscopic
C. Chemical methods
D. DNA barcoding
E. All
DNA barcoding
A science dealing with the study of classification, identification, cultivation and protection of crude drugs and production of effective element at molecular level
A. Botany
B. Molecular Pharmacognosy
C. Pharmacognosy
D. Systemic Botany
E. Taxonomy
Molecular Pharmacognosy
The study objects of Molecular Pharmacognosy are limited to
A. Animal sources
B. Herbal drugs
C. Mineral drugs
D. A and B
E. All
A and B
The genetically modified organisms are used as ____ to produce exogenous gene encoding goods and are referred as “new generation pharmaceutical factories”
A. Bioreactors
B. Catalysts
C. Reactants
D. Substrates
E. None
Bioreactors
The study of the correlations among genetic relationships, chemical components and efficacies of medicinal plants.
A. Plant taxonomy
B. Phylogenetics
C. Pharmaphylogeny
D. Phytochemistry
E. Pharmacognosy
Pharmaphylogeny
An extremely complicated process
from genes to biological phenotypes which serve as the core of study of
secondary metabolites.
A.Aerobic respiration
B.Biosynthetic pathway
C.Glycolysis
D.Photosynthesis
E. None
Biosynthetic pathway
In 1815, CA Seydler, a German who was referred to as the Father of Pharmacognosy used the word “Pharmakognosie” in his book titled ______.
A. De Materia Medica
B. The Historia
C. Analectica Pharmacognostica
D. Lehrbuch der Materia Medica
E. None
Analectica Pharmacognostica
Adulteration of crude drugs is due to the following, EXCEPT
A. Erroneous adulteration caused by sharing of similar features or absence of distinguishable characters
B. Intentional substitution of high value material by inexpensive substances
C. Misuse caused by sharing of similar common names.
D. Identification of crude drugs through morphological histological features, chemical methods and DNA sequencing
E. Historical use of local substitutes
Identification of crude drugs through morphological histological features, chemical methods and DNA sequencing
Chemical composition of crude drugs varies with a number of factors like
A. Growing stage
B. Harvest time
C. Locality
D. Storage condition
E. All
All
T-DNA is transferred into a plant tissue to induce hairy roots or crown gall formation which is mediated by this specific bacterium
A. Agrobacterium
B. Bacillus
C. Clostridium
D. Staphylococcus
E. Streptococcus
Agrobacterium
A natural vector for gene transfer in A. rhizogenes which is used in transgenic organ transformation system by specifically inducing hairy root production
A. Ri plasmid
B. T-DNA
C. Ti-plasmid
D. Vir region
E. None
Ri plasmid
The main biosynthetic pathway which produces the secondary metabolites like alkaloid
A. Acetate malonate
B. Cinnamic acid
C. Mevalonate
D. Amino acid
E. None
Amino acid
The acetate malonate pathway is responsible for the synthesis of the following compounds EXCEPT
A. Anthraquinone
B. Alkaloids
C. Fatty acids
D. Phenolic compounds
E. None
Alkaloids
Terpenoids are generally produced through this specific pathway
A. Acetate malonate
B. Cinnamic acid
C. Mevalonate
D. Amino acid
E. All
Mevalonate
The most important intermediate product in the biosynthetic pathway of terpenoid
A. Geranyl pyrophosphate
B. Farnesyl pyrophosphate
C. Isopentanyl pyrophosphate
D. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate
E. None
Isopentanyl pyrophosphate
The following compounds are produced through the cinnamic acid pathway EXCEPT
A. Coumarins
B. Lignins
C. Flavonoids
D. Phenylpropanoids
E. Terpenoids
Terpenoids
The following herbal drugs obtained from the plants characterized with alternate leaves, cymose flowers and capsule or berry type of fruits are classified under family Solanaceae, EXCEPT
A. Belladonna
B. Datura
C. Hyoscyamus
D. Poppy
E. Stramonium
Poppy
The cannabinol content of Cannabis sativa is high at this stage of development
A. In old, matured plants
B. During shoot production
C. Young plant
D. A and B
E. B and C
In old, matured plants
When the opium poppy is harvested before flowering, the latex will contain more of this constituent
A. Codeine
B. Morphine
C. Narcotine
D. Heroin
E. All
Codeine
The cyclic form of levulose when it is present in oligosaccharide or polysaccharises
A. Fructofuranose
B. Fructopyranose
C. Glucofuranose
D. Glucopyranose
E. None
Fructofuranose
The 8-carbon sugar which was isolated from crushed avocado pulp and from rock garden plant, Sedum is known as
A. D-gluco-octulose
B. D-glycero-D-manno-octulose
C. D-glycero-D-levulose
D. All
E. None
D-glycero-D-manno-octulose
A nonreducing sugar commonly found in fungi
A. Lactose
B. Galactose
C. Sucrose
D. Trehalose
E. None
Trehalose
The following seed gums are known as bulk forming laxatives EXCEPT
A. Guar gum
B. Locust bean gum
C. Plantago
D. All
E. None
None
Xanthan gum, a microbial gum prepared by the action of Xanthomonas campestris is known for its _______ property which enables its use in toothpaste and ointment production
A. Dilatants
B. Plastic
C. Pseudoplastic
D. Shear thickening
E. None
Pseudoplastic
In photosynthesis, what type of reaction is responsible for the fixing or reducing of carbon dioxide into sugar?
A. Dark reactions
B. Light reactions
C. Both
D. none
Dark reactions
The following sugar alcohol are products of reductive metabolism of sugar EXCEPT
A. Dulcitol
B. Glucitol
C. Mannitol
D. Propranol
E. Sorbitol
Propranol
The primary sugar which is obtained by hydrolysis of inulin
A. Fructose
B. Galactose
C. Glucose
D. Mannose
E. Sucrose
Fructose
In cheese production, the liquid by product which is formed after the addition of renin and the separation from the coagulum
A. Butter
B. Buttermilk
C. Cheese
D. Malted milk
E. Whey
Whey
Lactulose is converted to the following acids after the action of intestinal bacteria
A. Acetic acid
B. Gluconic acid
C. Lactic acid
D. A and B
E. A and C
A and C
The following are correct about nonhydrolyzable tannins EXCEPT
A. Derived from condensation of 2 or more flavan 3-ols like catechin
B. Derived from condensation of 2 or more flavan 3,4-diols like leucocyanidin
C. When treated with hydrolytic agents they fprm phlobaphenes
D. They readily hydrolyzed to yield phenolic acids and sugar
E. Form green colored solution with FeCl3
They readily hydrolyzed to yield phenolic acids and sugar
Pharmacologic activities of lactone glycosides are the following EXCEPT
A. Anticoagulation
B. Antispasmodic
C. Aphrodisiac
D. Cardiotonic
E. Repigmentation
Cardiotonic
The principal products of hydrolysis of salicin
A. D-glucose and salicyl alcohol
B. D-glucose and saligenin
C. D-glucose and salicylic acid
D. A and B
E. B and C
A and B
The following substances are homopolysaccharide EXCEPT
A. Glycogen
B. Inulin
C. Cellulose
D. Gum
E. Starch
Gum
The specific acid are produced after the hydrolysis of triricinolein by lipases which exert cathartic effect
A. Linoleic acid
B. Oleic acid
C. Palmitic acid
D. Ricinoleic acid
E. Undecylenic acid
Ricinoleic acid
A fixed oil from the seed of Carthamus tinctorius which is used as antilipemic agent in conjunction with an adequate dietary adjustment
A. Almond oil
B. Persic oil
C. Safflower oil
D. Sesame oil
E. Sunflower oil
Safflower oil
The only liquid plant wax expressed from seeds of Simmondsia chinensis
A. Carnauba wax
B. Bees wax
C. Jojoba
D. Spermaceti
E. None
Jojoba
The volatile oil of this crude drug is obtained by expression
A. Cinnamon
B. Clove
C. Peppermint
D. Orange
E. Spearmint
Orange
The dehydration and decarboxylation product of prepehenic acid which leads to the formation of phenylalanine
A. P-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid
B. O-methylphenylpyruvic acid
C. Phenylpyruvic acid
D. Pyruvic acid
E. Pyruvate
Phenylpyruvic acid
The following crude drugs are classified under cardiac glycoside EXCEPT
A. Adonis
B. Convallaria
C. Dogbane
D. Green hellebore
E. Squill
Green hellebore
Which of the following hexoses
yield fructose upon hydrolysis
A.Cellulose
B. Inulin
C.Gum
D. Glycogen
E.Starch
Inulin
This compound is produced after hydrolysis -of salicin which was isolated from willow bark
A. Aspirin
B. Saligenin
C. Salicylic acid
D. B and C
E. None
Saligenin
The following crude drugs are used for their laxative or cathartic effect EXCEPT
A. Cascara sagrada
B. Castor oil
C. Datura
D. Senna
E. Tamarind
Datura
The α-1,4 glycosidic bond is found in the following carbohydrates EXCEPT
A. Amylose
B. Amylopectin
C. Maltose
D. Glycogen
E. Trehalose
Trehalose
A complex mixture of Ca, Mg and K salts of Arabic acid is known as ____
A. Arabic acid
B. Arabin
C. Arabinose
D. Gum arabic
E. Karaya
Arabin
Which of the following anthraquinone derivatives is an isomer of anthrone?
A. Aloin
B. Anthranol
C. Dianthrone
D. Oxanthrone
E. Aloin
Anthranol
A psychotomimetic, euphoric and hallucinogenic substance which was isolated from peyote (Lophophora williamsii)
A. Heroin
B. LSD
C. THC
D. Mescaline
E. Papaverin
Mescaline
The class of ergot commonly known as lysergic acid derivatives which contains the pharmacologically active alkaloids.
A. Clavinet type
B. Peptide alkaloid
C. Terpenoids
D. A and B
E. None of these
Peptide alkaloid
This plant serves as local source of strychnine
A. Strychnos nux vomica
B. Strychnos nux-blanda
C. Strychnos ignatii
D. Strychnos potatorum
E. All
Strychnos ignatii
A specific raulwolfia alkaloid which is known to have antiarrythmic property and was produced by cell suspension culture of Rauwolfia serpentina
A. Ajmaline
B. Ajmalicine
C. Aimaline
D. Serpentine
E. Reserpine
Ajmalicine
The specific amino which give rise to a large class of indole alkaloids.
A. Glycine
B. Phenylalanine
C. Threonine
D. Tryptophan
E. Tyrosine
Tryptophan
Which of the following statements is TRUE about quinine?
A. A quinolone alkaloid
B. It is employed as prophylaxis for cardiac arrhythmias
C. For treatment of glaucoma
D. As treatment for atrial fibrillation
E. Effective against chloroquine-resistant malaria causing organisms
For treatment of glaucoma
The methylation product of theobromine
A. Adenine
B. Caffeine
C. Guanine
D. Theophylline
E. Xanthine
Caffeine
An isomer of theobromine
A. Adenine
B. Caffeine
C. Guanine
D. Theophylline
E. Xanthine
Theophylline
In the Ergot alkaloids, lysergic acid or its isomer is linked to this particular compound
A. Alcohol
B. Amino alcohol
C. Amino acid
D. Protein
E. Sugar
Amino alcohol
The principal alkaloid isolated from Japanese aconite which is known for its cardiotonic properties that is active at the same dosage levels as Digitalis glycoside
A. Aconitine
B. Higentamine
C. Mesaconitine
D. Neopelline
E. Neoline
Higentamine
The specific pharmacologic use of Veratum steroidal alkaloid
A. Cardiotonic
B. Convulsive
C. Bronchodilator
D. Hypotensive
E. Cathartic
Hypotensive
Cephaelis ipecacuanha commonly known as ipecac has been used for many years for the following properties
A. Emetic
B. Expectorant
C. Antitumor
D. A and B only
E. All
All
NK 109, a synthetic isomer of this compound isolated from Fagara xanthoxyloides has been found to have greater antitumor activity than any of the natural benzophenanthridine structures and was entered for clinical trials in Japan.
A. Fegarine
B. Fegaridine
C. Fegadine
D. Figadine
E. None
Fegaridine
A vinca alkaloid which is used
mainly for the treatment of generalized Hodgkin’s disease and non-Hodgkin’s
lymphomas
A.Vinblastine
B.Vincristine
C.Vindesine
D.Vinorelbine
E.None
Vinblastine
