Pharmacogenomics part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

pharmacodynamic genes can be a source of variation
explain what pharmacodynamic genes are

A

they code for drug receptors and drug targets

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2
Q

what drugs can cause drug-induced hypersensitivity and cause liver injury, toxic epidermal necrosis, and steven-johnson syndrome?

A

sulfa drugs
NSAIDS
anibiotics
steroids
anti-epileptics
methotrexate

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3
Q

explain how hypersensitivity reactions have varying prevalence rates in different racial and ethnic populations

A

there is an increased prevalance of carbamazepine-induced skin toxicities

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4
Q

what kind of drug is abacavir

A

antiviral

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5
Q

what are polygenic effects

A

the combined effect of multiple genes on a drug response. multiple genes have mutation

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6
Q

what 2 genes have an important effect on warfarin dosing

A

CYP2C9
VKORC1

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7
Q

How does warfarin work as an anticoagulant?

A

reduces vitamin k reductase which in turn reduces amt of vitamin k to help in clotting

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8
Q

for any anticoagulant, what clotting factors are normally inhibited?

A

prothrombin 2, 7, 9, 10

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9
Q

what does UGT1A1 do

A

phase 2 enzyme that adds glucuronic acid to bilirubin and to bile excreted drugs

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10
Q

what does TPMT stand for and what does it do

A

thiopurine s-methyltransferase

phase 2 enzyme that deactivates thiopurine drugs by covalently attaching a methyl group group to sulfhydryl compounds

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11
Q

impaired Thipurine S-methyltransferase will leads to what?

A

thiopurine and metabolite toxicities

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12
Q

population-based hypersensitivty reactions have been attributed to…..

A

genetic polymorphisms in the HLA system – MHC complex

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13
Q

name a drug that induces hypersensitivity

A

abacavir

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14
Q
A
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