Pharmacogenomics part 2 Flashcards
pharmacodynamic genes can be a source of variation
explain what pharmacodynamic genes are
they code for drug receptors and drug targets
what drugs can cause drug-induced hypersensitivity and cause liver injury, toxic epidermal necrosis, and steven-johnson syndrome?
sulfa drugs
NSAIDS
anibiotics
steroids
anti-epileptics
methotrexate
explain how hypersensitivity reactions have varying prevalence rates in different racial and ethnic populations
there is an increased prevalance of carbamazepine-induced skin toxicities
what kind of drug is abacavir
antiviral
what are polygenic effects
the combined effect of multiple genes on a drug response. multiple genes have mutation
what 2 genes have an important effect on warfarin dosing
CYP2C9
VKORC1
How does warfarin work as an anticoagulant?
reduces vitamin k reductase which in turn reduces amt of vitamin k to help in clotting
for any anticoagulant, what clotting factors are normally inhibited?
prothrombin 2, 7, 9, 10
what does UGT1A1 do
phase 2 enzyme that adds glucuronic acid to bilirubin and to bile excreted drugs
what does TPMT stand for and what does it do
thiopurine s-methyltransferase
phase 2 enzyme that deactivates thiopurine drugs by covalently attaching a methyl group group to sulfhydryl compounds
impaired Thipurine S-methyltransferase will leads to what?
thiopurine and metabolite toxicities
population-based hypersensitivty reactions have been attributed to…..
genetic polymorphisms in the HLA system – MHC complex
name a drug that induces hypersensitivity
abacavir