Pharmacogenomics + drug/drug interaction Flashcards
why is pharmacogenomic important?
someone with a different condition, such as trisomy 21 will be effected differently by different drugs
what is a haplotype?
group of alleles that are inherited together from a single parent, individual variation on one set of chromosomes
what is the relevance of genome wide association studies?
important role in discovering new SNPs in disease, look at the entire genome and not gene specific targets
what is CPIC?
open, international non-profit group that creates standard guidelines on how to use genomic data to transform data to inform on prescribing
what typically causes drug/drug interactions?
-wrong choice of drugs
-failing to account for renal function
-wrong dose
-wrong route of administration
-error is taking drug by pt
-transmission errors from dr to pt
what is additive effect of drugs?
two drugs taken together amply each other (warfarin and aspirin)
why cant escitalopram and codeine be taken together?
decreases codeine metabolism PK effect
why cant ACE inhibitor and spiralactone taken together?
decreases BP retention of K resulting in hyperkalemia. PD effect
______ is required to metabolize codeine into the active metabolite morphine
CYP2D6
what is a synergistic effect?
1+1=1000000000
severely amplifies the effect of the drug when taken together
what is potentiation?
where one drug increases another drugs potentiation
antagonism can have what effect?
nullify the effect of one drug in the body (physiological, pharmacological and chemical antagonism)
look back at food drug examples
slide 111
what is a schedule I drug?
high abuse potential, no accepted medical use, CAN NOT prescribe it
what are examples of schedule II drugs?
opioids
what are examples of class III drugs?
ketamine
what are examples of schedule IV?
benzodiazepines
what are schedule V drugs?
robitussin, Phenergan
which classes can be refilled?
V-III
(schedule II CAN NOT be refilled)
what is the most common misuse of controlled substances?
inappropriate pain management (also possible prescription shopping, theft, taken from someone else)
