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Pharamacology > Pharmacodynamics > Flashcards

Pharmacodynamics Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the term pharmacodynamics

A

The study of drug action on the body

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2
Q

Describe the term pharmacokinetics

A

The study of what the body does to the drug

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3
Q

Give 3 examples of protein drug targets

A

Enzymes
Transporters
Receptors

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4
Q

What are the 4 receptor families?

A

Ligand-gated ion channel
GPCR’s
Kinase- linked receptor
Nuclear receptor

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5
Q

What is an example a ligand gated ion channel?

A

Nicotinic Acetylcholine receptor at NMJ

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6
Q

What is an example of a GPCR?

A

Muscarinic Acetylcholine receptor

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7
Q

What is an example of a kinase-linked receptor?

A

Cytokine receptors

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8
Q

What is an example of nuclear receptors?

A

Oestrogen receptor

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9
Q

Define the term Kd

A

The dissociation constant- a measure of the tendency of the D-R complex to dissociate

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10
Q

What is Fractional Occupancy (pA)?

A

Concentration at which 50% the available receptors are bound

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11
Q

What is IC50?

A

Concentration of an inhibitor where the response (binding) is reduced by half

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12
Q

What is EC50?

A

Effective concentration of drug that gives 50% of max response

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13
Q

What is meant by receptor reserves?

A

agonist only needs to activate a small fraction of available receptors in order to bring about max response

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14
Q

What is inverse agonsim?

A

The receptor activation goes below the constitutive level of receptor activation

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15
Q

What 2 factors affect potency?

A

Efficacy and Affinity

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16
Q

What is the equation for Concentration ratio (schild plot)?

A

Log(r-1) = Log[B] - LogKb

Kb= Kd of anatgonist

17
Q

Define the term pA2

A

The negative log of the concentration of antagonist, that makes it necessary to double the amount of agonist to elicit the same response

18
Q

What is non-competitive anatgonism?

A

Antagonist bind to a different site on receptor OR it affects the D-R complex AFTER binding

19
Q

What is chemical Antagonism?

A

When 2 substances combine in solution, such tht the effective action of the drug is lost

20
Q

What is an example of Chemical Antagonsim?

A

Dimercaprol- used in heavy metal poisonings

21
Q

How do you calculate Therapeutic Index?

A

Toxic dose/Effective dose

Pharamacology (7 decks)

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