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Pharmacology > Pharmacodynamics > Flashcards

Pharmacodynamics Flashcards

1
Q

What are the types of non-receptor mechanisms of action?

A
  1. Physicochemical mechanisms
  2. Interaction of the drug with small ions/molecules (chelation)
  3. Incorporation of the drug into macromolecules
  4. Enzyme inhibitors
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2
Q

What are the types of physicochemical mechanisms of action?

A
  • Osmotic diuretics (e.g. urea, mannitol)
  • Osmotic cathartics (e.g. lactulose)
  • Neutralizing agents (e.g. antacids)
  • Detergent effects (e.g. disinfectants, oxidizing agents)
  • Decreased excitability of membranes (e.g. local anesthetics)
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3
Q

What are examples of osmotic diuretics?

A
  • Mannitol
  • Urea
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4
Q

What kind of drug is mannitol?

A

Osmotic diuretic

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5
Q

What kind of drug is urea?

A

Osmotic diuretic

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6
Q

What is an example of an osmotic cathartic?

A

Lactulose

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7
Q

What kind of drug is lactulose?

A

Osmotic cathartic

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8
Q

What are examples of neutralizing drugs?

A

Antacids

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9
Q

What kind of drugs are antacids?

A

Neutralizing agents

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10
Q

What are examples of detergent-effect drugs?

A
  • Oxidizing agents
  • Disinfectants
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11
Q

What kind of drugs are oxidizing agents?

A

Detergent-effect drugs

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12
Q

What kind of drugs are disinfectants?

A

Detergent-effect drugs

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13
Q

What are examples of drugs that decrease membrane excitability?

A

Local anesthetics

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14
Q

What kind of drugs are local anesthetics?

A

Drugs that decrease membrane excitability

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15
Q

What are examples of drugs that interact with small ions/molecules?

A
  • EDTA
  • Penicillamine
  • Dimercaprol (PAL)
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16
Q

What molecule/ion does EDTA chelate?

A

Pb2+

17
Q

What molecule/ion does penicillamine chelate?

A

Cu2+

18
Q

What molecules/ions does dimercaprol (PAL) chelate?

A
  • Arsenic
  • Mercury
  • Gold
  • Bismuth
19
Q

What are examples of drugs that are incorporated into macromolecules?

A

Antimetabolites:

  • 5-bromouracil
  • 5-fluorouracil
  • Ethionine
20
Q

What is the mechanism of action of 5-bromouracil?

A

Resembles thymine (T) and replaces it in chromosomal replication, leading to chromosomal breakage

21
Q

What is the mechanism of action of 5-fluorouracil?

A

Resembles uracil (U) and replaces it in RNA synthesis, leading to faulty mRNA

22
Q

What is the mechanism of action of of ethionine?

A

Resembles methionine (Met) and replaces it in protein synthesis, leading to a faulty protein

23
Q

What are examples of enzyme inhibitor drugs?

A
  • COX inhibitors (e.g. NSAIDs)
  • Cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitors (e.g. neostigmine)
  • Decarboxylase inhibitors (e.g. carbidopa)
  • Bacterial dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor (trimethoprim)
24
Q

What kind of drugs are NSAIDs?

A

COX inhibitors

25
Q

What kind of drug is neostigmine?

A

Cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitor

26
Q

What kind of drug is carbidopa?

A

Decarboxylase inhibitor

27
Q

What kind of drug is trimethoprim?

A

Bacterial dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor

Pharmacology (2 decks)

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