Pharmacodynamics Flashcards
Contrast pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
- Kinetics
Drug administration, drug concentration in system circulation, distribution, metabolized or eliminated - Dynamics
Pharmacological effect, Clinical response, Toxicity, Effectiveness
Define Pharmacodynamics
It is what the drug does to the body, explains relationship between drug concentration & response
Explain what a receptor is
Biological molecule that a drug binds to, transduces a signal, and produces a measurable response
Name the four families of receptors (produce a signal transduction)
- Ligand-gated ion channels
- G protein-coupled receptors
- Enzyme-linked receptors
- Intracellular receptors
What are the 3 things a drug-receptor complex responsible for?
- Relations between drug dose and effect
- Selectivity of drug action
- Mediating actions of pharmacologic agonists and antagonists
What are the two types of receptors
- Agonists
- Antagonists
What do receptor agonists do?
Activate the receptor to signal as a direct result of binding to it
What are the types of receptor agonists?
- Full
- Partial (lower response; mixed agonist/antagonist)
What do receptor antagonists do?
- Bind to receptor but do not activate it
- Interfere with the ability of the agonist to activate the receptor
What are the two types of receptor antagonists?
- Competitive
- Irreversible
What do competitive antagonists do?
Their effect can be surmounted with increasing concentrations of agonists
What do irreversible antagonists do?
- Often form covalent bonds with the receptor
- Their effect cannot be surmounted
- Their effect duration is dependent on rate of turnover of receptor molecules
Define potency
Amount of drug required to produce an effect
Define Efficacy
Ability of a drug to produce a maximum response
