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Pharmaco Flashcards

1
Q

In BNF what does rectangle made up of black and white triangles mean? 📶(like that but filled in triangles )

A

It denotes a preparation that is less suitable to prescribe

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2
Q

In BNF what does black triangle pointing down mean? 🔽

A

Means newly liscenced medication

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3
Q

How do you convert dose of Oral codeine and Tramadol to oral morphine?
What dose of MST is needed to replace:
100 mg of tramadol QDS and 5 mg of oramorph 6 hourly??

A

divide dose by 10

so in example, 400mg tramadol=40mg morphine
MST should be twice a day so = 30mg BD

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4
Q

C diff drug causes

A

C rule… Clindamycin, Ciprofloxacin, coamoxiclav

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5
Q

Mechanism of propylthiouracil

A

Inhibits thyroperoxidase

Oxidises iodide to iodine (which then can be added to tyrosine residues onto precursor thyroglobulin

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6
Q

Mnemonic for enzyme inducers

A 
Carbamazepine
Rifampacin
Alcohol
Phenytoin
Griseofulvin (old fashioned anti fungal)
Phenylbarbatone (old anti epileptic)
Sulphonylureas and St. John's Wort
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7
Q

Mnemonic for enzyme inhibitors

A 
Sodium valproate 
Isoniazid
Cimetidine (H2 R blocker)
Ketoconazole
fluconazole and Fluclox
Amiodarone and Alcohol (acute consumption)
Erythro and clarithro
Sulphonamide 
Ciproflox and clarithro 
Omeprazole
Metronidazole

And grapefruit

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8
Q

Maintenance fluids

A

25-30ml/kg/day

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9
Q

Breast feeding drug contraindications…

A 
Ciproflox, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, sulphonamide,
Lithium, benzo,
Aspirin
Carbimazole
Sulphonylureas
Amiodarone

…warfarin is ok!!

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10
Q

Drugs to be avoided in HF

A

NSAIDs because they cause fluid retention (and glucocorticoid)
Pioglitazone also does
Verapamil: negative inotrope

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11
Q

SE of CCB

A

Headache and ankle swelling

And can cause diarrhoea dry mouth

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12
Q

Abx that worsens seizure control in epileptics

A 
Ciproflox and levofloxacin
(and obviously alcohol, cocaine, amphetamines)
Bupropion (smoking cessation / antidep)
Aminophylline, theophylline 
Mefenamic acid
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13
Q

Three Drug cautions in asthmatics

A

NSAIDs
Beta blockers
Adenosine

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14
Q

What is bumetanide?

A

Loop diuretic

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15
Q

What drugs can reduce hypoglycaemic awareness?

A

Beta blockers!

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16
Q

Dose of cyclizine

A

50mg TDS

17
Q

Dose of lansoprazole

A

15-30mg od

18
Q

Dose of ibuprofen

A

200-400mg TDS

19
Q

Dose of codeine

A

30-60mg QDS

20
Q

Three drugs used in caution if ischaemic heart disease

A

NSAIDs
Oestrogens (COCP, HRT)
Varenicline (nicotine R partial agonist)

21
Q

Name four drugs containing penicillin that don’t have “cillin” in name

A

Tazocin (Pipercillin and tazobactam)
Timentin (ticarcillin and clavulanic acid)
Co- amoxiclav (amoxicillin and clavulanic acid)
……Aka augmentin
Co-fluampicil (Fluclox and ampicillin)
……Aka magnapen

22
Q

Common drug triggers of psoriasis

A

Lithium and beta blockers

And also NSAIDs, ACEi, antimalarials, alcohol

23
Q

What drug is contraindicated with verapamil…

A

Beta blockers
as can cause heart block or dangerous Brady

(Diltiazem is less negatively inotropic but still caution with beta b)

24
Q

Drugs that lower seizure control

A 
Ciproflox and levofloxacin
Bupropion (smoking cessation / antidep)
Aminophylline, theophylline 
Mefenamic acid
Methylphenidate (ADHD)
(and obviously alcohol, cocaine, amphetamines)
25
Q

Epileptic drugs that ARE SAFE in breast feeding

A

Sodium valproate and carbamazepine

26
Q

Antibiotics that ARE safe and ARENT safe in breast feeding

A

The ones for the win are Penicillin and trimethoprim cephalosporin

Don’t go Cipro’, tetro(cycline), chloramphenico’ and sulpho’

27
Q

Normal dose of clopi

A

75-300 od

28
Q

Normal dose of furosemide

A

20 od - 80mg bd

Much higher in renal patients

29
Q

Normal metformin dose

A

500mg od - 1g bd

30
Q

Daily rate of cardiovascular drugs

A

Basically all once daily

Except Furosemide can be up to 80mg bd (or much higher in renal)

31
Q

Drug causes of SIADH

A 
Sulfonylureas eg gliclazide
SSRIs, tricyclics
Carbamazepine
Vincristine
Cyclophosphamide
32
Q

What indications are there for combo use of anticoagulant and anti platelet?? (Warfarin and clopi)

A

Three situations:
ACS in last year
Bare metal stent
Having a heart valve replacement

33
Q

Drug causes of photosensitive rash

A

Thiazides

34
Q

Mx of lead poisoning

A

Calcium disodium edetate 50mg/kg IV

35
Q

Other than ensuring adequate hydration, how can you reduce the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy?

A

Sodium chloride drip and acetylcysteine

36
Q

What needs to be prescribed by brand

A

Ciclosporin
Carbamazepine
Theophylline

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