Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Pharma first exam > Flashcards

Pharma first exam Flashcards

1
Q

What is pharmacology?

A

Science that study drugs and its effects in life processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The rate of elimination constant and mediated by transport proteins

A

Zero order elimination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Medical science concerned with the impact drugs produce in our society

A

Pharmacoepidemiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

A patient is intoxicated wit weak base with a pKa of 6, how should you modify the urinary pH to facilitate its elimination

A

Make it more acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Drug suitable for administration of specific dose through a specific route

A

Pharmaceutical preparation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Any substance used for the diagnosis prevention or treatment of diseases

A

Drug

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Is the fluid in which the drug would need to be dissolved to have the same concentration as in plasma

A

Volume of distribution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Substance that helps the drug to be stable, safe and efective

A

Excipient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Mention at least 3 drug properties that effect its absorption

A 
Molecular weigh 
Hidrosolubility/Liposolubility 
pKa
Concentration
Ionization
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Mention at least 3 organism characteristics that influence a drugs absortion or distribution

A 
pH 
Membrane thickness 
Transport proteins 
Blood Flow
Surface of absortion 
Efflux pumps
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is pharmacodynamics

A

The Branch of pharmacology that studies drugs action mechanism, action and effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Is the passage of the drug molecules from the site of administration into the circulation

A

Absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

It´s the passage of the drug from the blood stream to the organs and tissues

A

Distribution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

It´s the enzyme catalyzed conversión of drugs to their metabolites

A

Biotransformation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Is the active fraction of the drug that reaches the systemic circulation

A

Bioavailability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Processes through which a drug is absorbed, distributed and eliminated

A

Passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which does not determine the passing of a solute through the cell membrane

a) Molecular weight
b) Pka
c) Lipid/wáter partition coeffcient
d) Ionization
e) None of the above

A

None of the above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q 
with numbers 1-5 (5 being the highest) order the following studies according to the possibility they have to stablish causality.
( ) Series of cases 
( ) Clinical assay 
( ) Cohort study 
( ) Cases control study 
( ) Case report
A

(2) Series of cases
(5) Clinical assay
(4) Cohort study
(3) Cases control study
(1) Case report

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Reduction and hydrolisis reactions are part of biotransformation

A

Phase I

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Mention the three processes responsible of drug elimination through the kidney

A

Glomerular filtration, Active tubular secretion, passive tubular reabsortion

21
Q

It´s the celular changes produced by the interaction between molecules of the drug and the iones of the organism that is responsible of the effect

A

Action mechanism

22
Q

It´s a constant value that represents the amount of volume from which a drug is removed per unit of time

A

Clearance

23
Q

What is elimination and absortion kinetics where the amount of frug absorbed/eliminated is proportional to its concentration and solubility

A

First order

24
Q

Why is important to evaluate a new drug in clinical and preclinical investigations before its commercialization

A

Because of the toxic effects it can produce plus we need to know the kinetic behavior in humans, if it is effective and if it is safe to use.

25
Q

It´s the Branch of pharmacology that studies the drugs dispositions in the body

A

Pharmacokinetics

26
Q

It´s the clinical manifestation of the interaction between drugs molecules with its molecular target

A

Effect

27
Q

What is drug efficacy

A

The ability to produce the desire effect (checar)

28
Q

The acction that structurally specific action mechanism is determined by the physicochemical properties of the drug

TRUE FALSE

A

False

29
Q

Where does the energy that moves solutes across the cell membrane through active transport come from

A

From ATP

30
Q

Its the structural complementarity that allows the formation of the drug-receptor complex

A

Affinity

31
Q

Its an agonist with an efficacy that is greater than 1

a) Inverse agonist
b) Pure agonist
c) Parcial agonist
d) All of the above
e) None of the above

A

None of the above

32
Q

What is a second messengers function?

A

To generate a cellular response in response to a stimule

33
Q

Its a teste perform to verify that generic drugs have the same bioavailability as patented drugs

A

Bioequivalence

34
Q

Mention at least 2 differences between a graded and a quantal dose-response relationships

A

Graded –> cuantitative, has continuos variables

Quantal –> Cualitative, has an all or nothing fenomenom

35
Q

A parameter used to evaluate a drug´s safety where the dose needed to start lethal effects is divided by the dose needed to generate the desired effect in 99% of the population

A

Certainaty safety factor

36
Q

The dose needed to generate 50% of the máximum effect, therefore the dose needed to occupy half of the receptors

A

ED50

37
Q

It´s the clinical phase where the drug is administered to treat the disease it was intended to treat and compared to the gold standard of treatment in large randomized trials

A

Phase III

38
Q

In the development of new drugs, before starting the clinical phase, the new drug has to be tested in?

a) Animal tissues
b) Animals
c) Plants
d) a y b are correct
e) None of the above

A

A y B are correct

39
Q

It´s the phase of clinical investigation where the new drug is administered to healthy individuals in order to determine its kinetic behavior and whether its effect are similar to those observed in previous observations

A

Phase I

40
Q

Mention at least 3 differences between a type A and B adverse effect

A 
Type A
Dose related 
Predictable 
Not severe 
When we have a not desired result we can lower the dose 
Type B 
Ideosyncratic
Not predictable 
Severity variable 
Potentially lethal 
Rare
41
Q

It´s the group of transmembrane receptors that require dimerization to produce an action and regulate cell growth an proliferation

A

1 TM

42
Q

It´s an antagonism in which both agonist and antagonist bind to the same active site and the effect is determined by their affinity and concentration in this active site

A

Competitive antagonism

43
Q

Its an antagonism in which both the agonist and antagonist bind to the same receptor or down stream signaling route but in different site so the antagonist action is produced without it being influenced by the agonists concentration

A

Non-competitive antagonism

44
Q

It´s the molecular structure with which drugs interact to generate a biological response

A

Ionic channel

45
Q

It´s the pharmacological interaction where the effect after administering both drugs, is less than the first drug´s individual effect

A

Physiologic antagonism

46
Q

For the following Write F if the process is facilitated or O if it´s obstructed

Acid
Penicilin: pKa 2.75 pH: 7.35
Renal excretion _______ Absorption _______

Base
Diacepam: pKa 3.5 pH: 7.45
Renal excretion _______ Absorption _______

A
  1. Facilitated Obstructive

2. Obstructive Facilitated

47
Q

Mention the difference between loading and maintenance dose

A

Loading dose: Single dose, reaching therapeutical effect quicker, use in very ill people

Maintanance dose: desired steady-state, severall doses, long term treatment

48
Q

it´s the pharmacological interaction where the effect after administering both drugs, is the same as the first drug´s individual effect

A

Indifference

49
Q

A patient with a clearance of 100ml/min needs a drug that has a volume of distribution of 25L and that is to be administered every 8hours, you determine he needs to achieve an initial concentration of 15 mg/L and a steady concentration of 10mg/L

What should the loading dose be?

What should the maintenance dose be?

A

Maintenance Dose= Elimination Rate x 60 x hrs
1x60x8
Elimination rate= Clearance Rate x concentration
.1 x 10

ER= 1 mg/min

MD= 480 mg/h

Loading dose=

Pharmacology (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions