Pharma 2

Question 1

For which of Routes of drug administration we use glyceryl trinitrate and nifedipine ?

Answer 1

Sublingual

Question 2

We use glyceryl trinitrate for what ?

Answer 2

used in cases of acute angina(chest pain)

Question 3

We use nifedipine for what ?

Answer 3

used for severe hypertension).

Question 4

What are The most common muscle that is used in drug administration

Answer 4

1-gluteus maximus 2- deltoid muscle 3- rectus femoris 4-triceps

Question 5

The most common sites that are used in drug administration ( subcutaneous)

Answer 5

1- Abdomen 2- thigh muscle

E.g. insulin injection

Question 6

Intradermal it mainly used for what ?

Answer 6

hypersensitivity tests.

Question 7

What are The most common vein that is used in drug administration ?

Answer 7

cubital fossa region in the elbow: Median antecubital, cephalic and basilic veins

Question 8

Routes by which drug molecules cross cell membranes

Answer 8

Drug Absorption

Question 9

Fraction of a dose of drug that is absorbed from its site of administration and reaches the systemic circulation in an unchanged form

Answer 9

Bioavailability

Question 10

Only In intravenously inserted drugs the Bioavailability would be 100% (Why) ?

Answer 10

because we are going to administer the drug to the systemic circulation directly

Question 11

A drug given by i.v.(intravenous) will have an bioavailability كم ؟

Answer 11

100% 🥳🥳🥳🥳

Question 12

while drugs given by other routes have Bioavailability كم ؟

Answer 12

<100 %.

Question 13

􏰀 gave me E.g.s for High 1st pass effect

Answer 13

‏􏰀 Propranolol 􏰀 Morphine
‏􏰀 Diazepam
‏􏰀 Lidocaine

Question 14

Some amount of drug will be affected (why) ?

Answer 14

Because of the :
1- acidic environment and digestive
2-enzymes

Question 15

Reversible transfer of a drug between what ?

Answer 15

1- the blood

2- the extra-vascular fluids & tissues of the body”

Question 16

Acidic drugs have strong affinity toward ……

Answer 16

albumin protein

Question 17

Basic drugs have strong affinity toward …..

And gave me an e.x ?

Answer 17

acid 1 alpha glycoprotein

E.x Propranolol

Question 18

aqueous channel mainly seen in ….

Answer 18

1Epithelial cells ( they have very tight junctions )

2- glomerular filtration ( filtration of blood in kidneys)

3-Jejunal part of small intestine

Question 19

Because of the pharmacokinetics , drugs are administered …..

Answer 19

differently

Question 20

Study of the time course of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion…..

Answer 20

Pharmacokinetics

Question 21

What are the 5 Routes of Drug Administration ?

Answer 21

1-Oral Route 
2- Inhalation Route 
3- Topical Route 
4- Rectal Route
5- Parenteral Route

Question 22

Oral route It is the most common route which is used for drug administration. Why ?

Answer 22

1. easy to administer

2. painless

Question 23

Some of it’s characterises are:

• Irritant drugs(e.g. anti cancer drugs) can be administered
• The accurate dose can be monitored

Answer 23

Intravenous route

Question 24

TOW ROUTES, commonly used in emergency cases. ?

Answer 24

1- Intravenous route

2- Sublingual

Question 25

Which of parenteral routes charcuterie which this ⬇️⬇️ :

The answer of action is much faster ( not equivalent to intravenous but much faster than the oral route )

Answer 25

Intramuscular

Question 26

• 90 degree needs to be maintained

Answer 26

Intramuscular

Question 27

10 - 15 degree needs to be maintained

Answer 27

Intradermal

Question 28

45 degree needs to be maintained

Answer 28

Subcutaneous

Question 29

25 degree needs to be maintained in order to inject the drug into the veins

Answer 29

Intravenous

Question 30

doesn’t require energy (ATP)

Answer 30

passive transport

Question 31

required energy

Answer 31

active transport

Question 32

can’t be inhabited by any other substance ….

Answer 32

simple diffusion

Question 33

by carrier mediated (they are protein mediated transport system), only some selected drugs such as …..

Answer 33

(e.g. levodopa)

Question 34

drugs absorbed better in stomach

Answer 34

Acidic

Question 35

Which of drugs absorbed better in intestine ?

Answer 35

basic

Question 36

Another important things in drug absorption , they affect the rate and amount of absorption?

Answer 36

are PH and ionization

Question 37

If the the molecule undergo ionization

What will happen ?

Answer 37

will lose lipid solubility and they become not able to diffuse easily in cell membrane (they may need channels)

Question 38

Gave me E.g.s of High 1st pass effect ?

Answer 38

1-Propranolol
2-Morphine
3-Diazepam
4-Lidocaine