pharma

Question 1

ketamine

Answer 1

mechanism of action unclear, primary works as an antagonist on NMDA receptors

Question 2

dextrose 10%

Answer 2

provides a source of energy

supplies body water

Question 3

naloxone

Answer 3

opioid antagonist

prevents or reverses effects of opioids

Question 4

paracetamol

Answer 4

analgesic and antipyretic

mechanism of action unclear, thought to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis

Question 5

methoxyflurane

Answer 5

inhalation analgesic at low concentrations

Question 6

fentanyl

Answer 6

opioid analgesic

CNS + respiratory depression

Question 7

morphine

Answer 7

opioid analgesic 
CNS depression
respiratory depression
stimulant 
vasoconstriction

Question 8

GTN

Answer 8

venous dilation promotes venous pooling and reduces venous return to the heart
reduces myocardial O2 demand, reduces BP

Question 9

aspirin

Answer 9

minimise platelet aggression and thrombus formation in order to slow progression of coronary artery thrombosis in ACS
inhibits synthesis of prostaglandins

Question 10

adrenaline

Answer 10

beta 1:
increases HR by increasing SA node firing rate 
increases conduction velocity through AV node
increases myocardial contractibility
increases irritability of ventricles 
beta 2:
causes bronchodilation
alpha:
vasoconstriction

Question 11

dexamethasone

Answer 11

relieves inflammatory reactions

provides immunosuppression

Question 12

ipratropium bromide

Answer 12

anticholinergic bronchodilater

allows bronchodilation by inhibiting cholinergic bronchomotor tone

Question 13

salbutamol

Answer 13

beta 2 causes bronchodilation

Question 14

glucagon

Answer 14

increases blood glucose concentration by converting stored liver glycogen to glucose