pharma 1 Flashcards
First line drug for HTN
( orally )
Diuretics
Side effect of thiazide diuretics
Hypokalemia
Hyperglycemia
What are loop diuretics & what are their side effects ?
Furosemide , ethacrynic acid , bumetanide
Hypokalemia & ototoxicity
Aliskiren
Competitive selective renin inhibitor
Relaxing blood vessels
Not be given in combo with ARBs or ACE1 in patients w diabetes
Aliskiren
mechanism of ACE1
Inhibit formation of Ang ll
Prevent loss of kidney function
Improve insulin sensitivity
Side effects of ACE l
Cough due to onc bradykinin
Mechanism of ARBs
Block ATl receptor
Dec peripheral resistance
CCB
Inhibit entry of calcium ions into vascular smooth muscle cells or myocardial cells
Dihydropyridine : nife & amlo
Vasodilator of arteries & dec peripheral resistance
Do not aafect cardiac function
Non dihydropyridine : verapamil
Dec av & sa nodal conduction
Beta blocker
Lower bp
Dec co
Inhibit renin release
Effective in MI
May lead to bronchospasm
Beta blocker
Alpha 1 blocker ( doxazosin , terazosin)
Reduce vasoconstriction and inc vasodilation
Imp urine flow
Reduce urinary symptoms associated w prostate enlargement
Alpha1 / beta blocking agents ( carve & labeta )
Anti hypertensive due to combined no selective antagonism
Contraindication of carvedilol
Bronchial asthma
Severe bradycardia
Alpha 2 agonists (Alpha-Methyldopa, Clonidine)
Prevent release of catecholamines
α-Methyldopa is used to treat pregnancy-induced hypertension.
Direct Vasodilators (Hydralazine, Minoxidil, Nitrates (Sodium nitroprusside)
decreased peripheral resistance and blood pressure.
swelling in the lower legs.
Minoxidil also may cause excessive hair growth
Minoxidil
Acts by activating ATP-sensitive potassium channels (has been proven to promote new hair growth in men and women, Regaine /Rogaine).
