Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharm Hesi V1 > Pharm V1 Hesi > Flashcards

Pharm V1 Hesi Flashcards

1
Q

Mega vitamin C

A

Ascorbic acid
Used to treat or prevent vitamin C deficiency and to treat scurvy
DO NOT TAKE with DM or if on a low salt/salt-free diet
May cause GI upset, take with food to prevent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Isotretinoin teratogenesis teaching

A

DO NOT TAKE if pregnant
No accurate means of determining whether an exposed fetus has been affected
Increases risk of spontaneous abortion and premature brith
Congenital malformations in an embryo or fetus
Craniofacial, cardiovascular, neurological, and thymic malformations
Pt must use TWO reliable forms of contraception simultaneously for one month before, during, and for one month after treatment
Medication guide (for Isotretinoin) must be given to a pt each time it is dispensed (read iPLEDGE carefully before signing)
Most notably used to treat moderate acne
Usually PO (capsules)
Accutane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Calcium acetate renal

A

Nephrotoxic
May cause renal calculi
May cause metabolic acidosis in pts with renal disease
Hypercalcemia may result after large doses in chronic renal failure
Use with caution
Used to treat hyperphosphatemia (high phosphate in the blood) in patients with end stage kidney disease who are on dialysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ciprofloxacin teaching
antimicrobial

A

Antibiotic, fluoroquinolone
Take as prescribed, even after feeling better
Increase fluid intake to reduce risk of urine crystals
Avoid caffeine (stimulant)
Advise pt that hypersensitivity rxn may occur even after first dose
Stop immediately and notify PHCP
Tendon ruptures can occur
Notify PHCP if pain or inflammation occurs
Avoid excessive sunlight or artificial UV light
Photosensitivity
Black Box Warning:
Contraindicated for use in patients with acute sinusitis, acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, and acute uncomplicated UTI
N/V/D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Oseltamivir use

A

Tamiflu
Treats and prevents the flu (anti-viral)
Usually PO (without regard to food)
Administration considerations
Must be given within 48 hrs of s/s onset
May be used prophylaxis
Drug is NOT replacement for annual flu vax (teaching point)
S/A effects
Headache
Pain
N/V/D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Rifampin hepatotoxic

A

Anti TB
Hepatotoxic - monitor ALT, AST, and bilirubin
Causes orange secretions
Avoid tyramine foods (wine, aged cheeses, red meat, etc.)
Causes GI upset, decreased oral contraceptive effectiveness, vision changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Trimoxazole/TMP-SMZ effect

A

Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole
Common brands: Bactrim, Sulfatrim
Abx: pneumonia, bronchitis, UTI, etc.
Sulfonamide (common sulfa allergy)
Antagonistic to anticoagulation, sulfonylurea, and cardiac arrhythmia meds
S/A effects
Crystalluria
Nephrotoxic
Photosensitivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Vancomycin peak and trough

A

Treats staph
Peak should be immediate after IV administration
Trough should occur at half-life and before administration of next dose
About 4-6 hours
Takes longer for pts with renal impairment
Check peak 1-2 hours after end of infusion and check trough right before (within 30 minutes of) giving next dose (trough is lowest level where patient is still within the therapeutic range)
Trough 5-15mcg/ml
Peak 20-40mcg/ml

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Diflucan liver studies

A

Fluconazole (anti-fungal)
Treats yeast infections
VERY hepatotoxic (oral antifungal agents are associated with a low incidence of acute liver injury and that it may be fatal, especially for the elderly.)
Monitor ALTs and ASTs and bilirubin
S/S: jaundice, dark urine, light colored stools

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Anaphylaxis penicillin

A

Most common medication allergy
Anaphylaxis STOP immediately
Cross sensitivity
Cephalosporins
Carbapenems
Monobactams

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Ribavirin for hepatitis C

A

Antiviral
Monotherapy is ineffective for treatment of chronic hepatitis C
Hepatotoxic
Nephrotoxic
Important to educate about compliance
Prolonged therapy
Inhale or PO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Amlodipine evaluation

A

Antihypertensive
Ca channel blocker
Monitor BP and HR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Furosemide cramps

A

Loop diuretic
K+ wasting
S/A effects
Nephrotoxic
Ototoxic
Hypotension
Hypokalemia (muscle pain, cramps, and fatigue)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Clopidogrel hold

A

Antiplatelet
Increases risk of bleeding
Hold 5-7 days before any procedure where there is a high risk of bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Rosuvastatin evaluate effect

A

Type of atorvastatin
Lowers LDL
Levels
Cholesterol <200
Triglycerides <150
LDL <100
HDL >50
Monitor LFTs and kidney function
Increased risk of rhabdomyolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Nitroglycerin (NTG) transdermal patch treat pain

A

Apply to hair-free skin
Remove patch after 12-14 hours and wash area with soap and water
Rotate patch sites
Remove patch before defibrillation or MRI (because it is metal)
When stopping, gradually reduce dose and frequency for 4-6 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

IV mls/hour
IV mL/hour IV gtts/minute
*Drip factor is how many drips per mL
*Drip factor is always a whole number
*Micro Drip tube has constant drip factor of 60 drops/mL

A

The MD orders your patient to start an IV Heparin drip at 18 units/kg/hr and to administer a loading bolus
dose of 30 units/kg IV before initiation of the drip. You’re supplied with a Heparin bag that reads 25,000
units/500 mL. The patient weighs 172 lbs. What is the flow rate you will set the IV pump at (mL/hr), and
how many units will be administered for the IV bolus?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Phenazopyridine

A

Analgesic-acting to relieve pain.
Used to relieve pain of UTI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Digoxin toxicity electrolytes

A

Therapeutic Range 0.8-2.0
Hypokalemia increases effect of digoxin toxicity
Normal K+ range 3.5-5.0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Tamsulosin BPH/reproductive/renal

A

Used to treat BPH and renal calculi to improve urine flow
Not indicated for use in women, only men
Screen for prostate cancer (s/s similar to BPH)
S/A effects
Priapism and low BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Nitroglycerin patch action

A

Relaxes BV
Increased supply of blood and O2 to the heart
Reduces heart workload

22
Q

Albuterol assessment

A

Assess
Resp rate
O2 sat
Lung sounds
Rescue inhaler, rapid bronchodilation
Causes increased BP, HR, and vasoconstriction
Monitor after administration
RINSE mouth after administration (risk of thrush)
S/A effects
CNS stimulation
Cardiac stimulation
Hypokalemia

23
Q

Pre and post Antitussive evaluate

A

Antitussive evaluation
Used to treat dry, hacking cough that interferes with sleep
DO NOT TAKE if chronic lung disease (these pts need to cough up secretions)
Avoid other CNS depressants (causes drowsiness)

24
Q

IV heparin mls/hour

A

Heparin=drug of choice for anticoagulant when pregnant
Reversal agent=protamine sulfate
Monitor PTT
Therapeutic effect=60-90 sec
Not necessary if given SQ
S/A effects
Bleeding
HIT (heparin induced thrombocytopenia)

25
Q

Misoprostol

A

Type of PPI (-zole)
Ulcer prevention/treatment
DO NOT TAKE within 1-2 hours of other meds
DO NOT TAKE if pregnant
Extends actions of anticoagulants
Can cause osteoporosis

26
Q

Lansoprazole GERD

A

PPI (-zole)
Ulcer prevention/treatment
DO NOT TAKE within 1-2 hours of other meds
Extends actions of anticoagulants
Can cause osteoporosis
Can be used up to 8 weeks to treat GERD

27
Q

Insulin regular peak

A

Onset 30 mins
Peak 3 hours
Duration 8 hours

28
Q

Orlistat weight management

A

Used for weight loss
Taken PO with each meal containing fat
Makes you not absorb fats
DO NOT TAKE
With cyclosporine
If pregnant

29
Q

Epinephrine auto injector

A

Used to treat anaphylaxis
IM or SQ
Increases HR and BP

30
Q

Thyroid Overdose s/s

A

Hypo
Slow
Fat
Cold

Hyper
Fast
Skinny
Hot

31
Q

Steroids DC protocol

A

DO NOT STOP ABRUPTLY
Causes adrenal insufficiency/Addisonian’s disease
ALWAYS taper off of steroids
If pt is NPO for surgery, they would STILL receive this drug

32
Q

Laxative

A

Treatment for constipation
Increase fluids for it to be effective
May cause cramping and/or diarrhea
DO NOT GIVE mg with renal failure

33
Q

Glucagon emergency kit

A

Used to treat hypoglycemia
SQ, IM, or IV
Peak 30 mins
Can cause hyperglycemia

34
Q

Contraceptive patch teaching

A

Does NOT protect against HIV
Use backup method of contraception for 1st 7 days
Remove before MRI
DO NOT smoke with patch
Apply first day of menstrual cycle, then same day each week
If switching from oral contraceptive, apply the first patch on the first day of withdrawal bleeding
Immediately apply a new patch once the old patch is removed
Week 4 is patch-free, withdrawal bleeding expected at this time

35
Q

Sucralfate teaching

A

Antiulcer drug
Take on an empty stomach, one hour before each meal and at bedtime
Continue taking even when starting to feel better (complete regimen)
Avoid smoking
Antacids may be used with this drug, but separate the doses by 30 mins

36
Q

Acetaminophen jaundice

A

Jaundice side effect yellowing of skin, eyes
^May cause acute liver failure

37
Q

Rivastigmine side effect

A

N/V/D, loss of appetite, weight loss, stomach pain, dizziness, drowsiness, weakness, headache, trouble sleeping, anxiety
Long term diarrhea or vomiting can cause dehydration

38
Q

St John’s wort assess

A

Used for depression, menopausal symptoms, and somatic symptom disorder
Interacts with many other meds
DO NOT take if pregnant
S/A effects
Anxiety
Dizziness
Diarrhea/constipation
Dry mouth
Fatigue
Headache
Photosensitivity

39
Q

Beta interferon SE

A

Flu-like signs and symptoms
Fever, fatigue, muscle aches, headaches, chills, joint pain
Report depression or suicidal thoughts
May increase level of liver enzymes, eosinophil count
May decrease Hb level, hematocrit, WBC, and platelet counts
May increase or decrease thyroid function test levels

40
Q

Cyclosporine

A

Immunosuppressant
Used to prevent organ rejection in renal, hepatic, or cardiac transplantation
Used for rheumatoid arthritis that has not responded to methotrexate
Used for psoriasis
PO, IV
Do not give with amphotericin B cholesteryl sulfate complex or magnesium sulfate
Avoid sun exposure, grapefruit juice.
Nephrotoxic
Hepatotoxic
phototoxic

41
Q

Ketorolac effects

A

May increase ALT and AST levels
May decrease Hb levels and hematocrit
May increase bleeding time
Black box warning
Avoid if NSAID or aspirin allergy
Contraindicated in people 17 and under
High risk of bleeding- inhibits platelet function
Can cause peptic ulcers or GI bleeding

42
Q

Ketorolac ophthalmic (Toradol)

A

Used for eye irritation, itching, inflammation, pain
If used with corticosteroids may increase healing problems
Use cautiously with bleeding disorders or drugs that prolong bleeding time
Half life: 4hours
Safe in children
Can cause headache
Monitor for HTN, corneal health, and hypersensitivity rxns

43
Q

Dilaudid side effects

A

Sedation, dizziness, insomnia, headache, confusion
Cardiac arrest, hypotension, bradycardia, tachycardia
Blurred vision, diplopia, nystagmus
N/V/D, constipation, anorexia, weight loss
Urinary frequency, urinary retention, erectile dysfunction
Apnea, respiratory depression, bronchospasm
Diaphoresis, pruritus

44
Q

Transdermal fentanyl action

A

Absorbed transdermal, binds with opioid receptors in the CNS, altering perception of and emotional response to pain

45
Q

Baclofen teaching

A

Used to treat spasms of MS or spinal cord problems
Do not stop abruptly- can lead to high fever, mental changes, muscle stiffness.
Refill pump on time and know how to respond to pump alarm
Tell dr if child has ever had symptoms of withdrawal
Taking while pregnant may lead to withdrawal in newborn
Avoid alcohol and OTC antihistamines
Take oral form with meals to reduce GI upset

46
Q

Miacalcin rhinitis

A

Used to treat osteoporosis
Nasal route may cause rhinitis, ulceration, and nasal malignancies
Alter sides when using nasal route

47
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis meds teaching

A

Usually NSAIDs and steroids
Rest when needed

48
Q

Opioid respirations

A

Respiratory depression
Causes pulmonary vasodilation (given with MI)

49
Q

Methylphenidate action

A

Used to treat attention deficit problems (CNS stimulant)
Used to treat narcolepsy
Releases nerve terminal stores of norepinephrine, promoting nerve impulse transmission. At high doses, effects are mediated by dopamine

50
Q

Etanercept contraindication

A

In pts hypersensitive to drug, with sepsis, receiving a live-virus vaccine
Use cautiously in pts age 65 and above, diabetics
Exacerbations of CNS and peripheral nervous system demyelinating disorders and seizures could occur
Use cautiously in pts with mod. to severe alcoholic hepatitis
Don’t start in pts with active infection
Temporarily interrupt treatment in pts with varicella virus exposure
Children need to be up to date on all immunizations prior to therapy

51
Q

Gabapentin teaching

A

Tell doctor if your child has kidney disease or is on dialysis
It is used for certain seizures
Tell doctor if you become pregnant or are breastfeeding
Do NOT take with alcohol, CNS depressants, or grapefruit juice
Avoid driving and operating machinery until side effects are known
Do NOT stop abruptly
Keep oral solution refrigerated

52
Q

Haloperidol EPS effects
Antipsychotic
It can treat certain types of mental disorders. It can also control symptoms of Tourette syndrome.

A

Extrapyramidal symptoms (involuntary movements)
Akathisia (motor restlessness)
Acute dystonia (painful muscle spasms)

Pharm Hesi V1 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions