Pharm. Textbook Questions Flashcards
_________ was the first effective local anesthetic.
cocaine
The pharmaceutical manufacturing industry devotes about ____ of its income to research and development.
1/6
_______ protects against illegal copying of new discoveries
Patenting
The FDA is required to ________
- ensure drug is safe & effective
- monitor drug after sold
- monitor adverse effects
The length of time from the beginning of developments of a new drug to FDA approval is often more than _____ years.
10
_________ showed that heat can be used to kill microorganisms associated with food spillage.
Pasteur
List of drugs approved for use by managed care organizations are called
formularies
What drug was used to treat malaria?
quinine
What kind of drug is cocaine?
The Indians of the Andes chewed coca leaves
Who was one of the first practitioners of trial and error drug testing around 300 BC?
Shen Nung
What tree does aspirin come from?
White Willow Tree
What is the name of active ingredient in the willow bark?
Salicin acid
Who was the first practitioner known by name and from what country?
Hippocrates from island of Kos, Greece.
Define pharmacology
The scientific study of the effects of drugs and chemicals on living organisms.
What is a panacea?
A cure (a solution or remedy for all difficulties or diseases.)
Define pharmacopeia
A book describing chemicals, drugs, and other substances and how they are used as medicines.
Define pharmaceutical
any kind of drug used for medicinal purposes
In 200 BC the Shen Nung pen ts’ao was written and contained how many drugs?
365
What does the prefix “anti-“ mean?
against or oppose
Define antitoxin
An antibody with the ability to neutralize a specific toxin in the body
Define antibiotic
A drug used to treat infections caused by bacteria and other microorganisms
Define hormone
chemical substances that act like messenger molecules in the body
What drug is contained in the fox glove plant? What does it treat?
Contains digitalis which is used in treating heart disease, irregular heartbeat, and heart failure.
Who discovered penicillin? When? What kind of drug is it?
Alexander Fleming in 1928, it is the first antibiotic drug
What lowers blood sugar? It is a drug or hormone?
Insulin is a hormone, it prevents it from dropping too low
What government agency regulates food and drugs?
FDA
What is the greatest area of employment for pharmacists and technicians?
retail or community pharmacy
Ether is different from cocaine, why?
General anesthetic
