pharm test1

Question 1

androgens

Answer 1

premature puberty in males; reduced adult height from premature epiphyseal closure

Question 2

aspirin and other salicylates

Answer 2

severe intoxication from acute OD (acidosis, hyperthermia, respiratory depression); Reye syndrome in children with chickenpox or influenza

Question 3

chloramphenicol

Answer 3

Gray syndrome in neonates and infants

Question 4

fluoroquinolones

Answer 4

tendon rupture

Question 5

glucocorticoids

Answer 5

growth suppression with prolonged use

Question 6

hexachlorophene

Answer 6

CNS toxicity in infants

Question 7

nalidixic acid

Answer 7

cartilage erosion

Question 8

phenothiazines

Answer 8

SIDS

Question 9

promethazine

Answer 9

pronounced respiratory depression in children younger than 2 years

Question 10

sulfanomides

Answer 10

kernicterus- neonates

Question 11

tetracyclines

Answer 11

staining of developing teeth

Question 12

glucuronidation

Answer 12

process that converts lipid soluble drugs to water soluble drugs in order to enter the bile and pass tot duodenum

Question 13

A different brand of a drug can

Answer 13

vary in the amount of drug that reaches the site of action in the body

Question 14

pharmacokinetics

Answer 14

study of drug movement throughout the body. 4 components: absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion

Question 15

pharmacodynamics

Answer 15

the study of biochemical and physiologic effects of drugs on the body and the molecular mechanisms by which those effects are produced

Question 16

pharmacogenomics

Answer 16

how genes affect a person’s response to drugs. combine science of genomics and pharmacology to provide individualized, targeted, safe drug therapies to patients

Question 17

Side effect:

Answer 17

formally defined as a nearly unavoidable secondary drug effect produced at therapeutic doses

Question 18

Toxicity:

Answer 18

degree of detrimental physiologic effects caused by excessive drug dosing

Question 19

Allergic reaction:

Answer 19

an immune response – must be prior sensitization. Intensity of reaction is largely independent of reaction

Question 20

Idiosyncratic effects:

Answer 20

uncommon drug response resulting from a genetic predisposition

Question 21

Paradoxical effect:

Answer 21

opposite of intended drug response- take Benadryl and you now have energy instead of being tired

Question 22

Iatrogenic disease:

Answer 22

disease that occurs as the result of medical care or treatment, or disease produced by a drug

Question 23

Physical dependence:

Answer 23

state in which the body has adapted to drug exposure in such a way that an abstinence syndrome will result if drug use is discontinued. Physical dependence develops during long-term use of certain drugs, such as opioids, alcohol, barbiturates, and amphetamines

Question 24

Carcinogenic effect:

Answer 24

ability of certain medications and environmental chemicals to cause cancer

Question 25

Teratogenic effect:

Answer 25

drug-induced birth defect