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Endo - Meg Deck > Pharm - STIs > Flashcards

Pharm - STIs Flashcards

1
Q

What is the treatment for N.gonorrhoea

A

Ceftriaxone (injection) - gonorrhoea

Ceftriaxone + doxycycline - multiple infection (gonorrhoea + chlamydia)

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2
Q

what is the treatment for chlamydia trachomatis

A

Doxycycline or Azithromycin - Chlamydia D-K
or Levofloxacin

Ceftriaxone + doxycycline - multiple infection (gonorrhoea + chlamydia)

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3
Q

What is the treatment for Mycoplasma genitalium

A

Doxycycline or Azithromycin

Moxifloxacin (macroplide resistant infections)

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4
Q

treatment for syphillis

A

Penicillin injection

If allergic: doxycycline or azithromycin

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5
Q

treatment for HSV-2

A

Acyclovir

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6
Q

Lymphogranuloma venerum (LGW) genital ulcer treatment

A

Doxycycline
Azithromycin
Erythromycin

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7
Q

bacterial vaginosis treatment

A

Clindamycin
Metronidazole

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8
Q

Trichomoniasis (trichomonas vaginalis):
vulvovaginitis treatment

A

Metronidazole
Tinidazole

Treat both partners

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9
Q

candida albicans treatment

A

Ketoconazole, Itraconazole, fluconazole (oral)
Miconazole, clotrimazole (topical)
Nystatin

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10
Q

Sarcoptes scabei (scabies) treatment

A

Permethrin
Crotamiton
Ivermectin (oral)

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11
Q

treatment genital ulcers (caued by HSV-2)

A

aceteaminophen, ibuprofen

warm water immersion, epsom salts, tea tree

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12
Q

differences in anitviral therapies:
acyclovir
famciclovir
valacyclovir

A

acyclovir - more frequent dosing
famciclovir - greatest bioavailability
valacyclovir - monophosphate form incoorporates into viral DNA - chain termination

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13
Q

acyclovir MOA

A

antiviral
guanosine derivative causing chain termination
activated by viral thymidine kinase –> converted mono–>di–>tri by host enzymes –> inhibits viral DNA polymerase = chain termination (lack of 3’OH group)

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14
Q

issue of Doxycycline
benefit of Minocycline

A

D - hepatotoxic - handled by bile (doxy ok for renal insufficiency)
M - less phototoxicity

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15
Q

Tetracyclines - MOA & Adverse

A

i.e. doxycycline
MOA - binds reversibly to 30S subunit, bacteriostatic, block binding aminoacyl-tRNA on m-RNA-ribosome complex
Adverse - phototoxicity, hepatic injury, nephrotoxocity (doxy safe), Fanconi syndrome, stunted growth

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16
Q

Macrolides - MOA & Adverse

A

i.e. ‘-mycins’
MOA - bind reversibly to 50S subunit, protein synthesis inhibited, aminoacyl translocation inhibited
Adverse - nausea, vomiting, abdo pain, cardiac arrythmias

17
Q

fluoroquinolones - MOA & Adverse

A

i.e. ‘-floxacin’
MOA - inhibit bacterial topioisomerase II (DNA gyrase) & topioisomerase IV
(A subunit - nicks & reseals, B subunit - negative supercoils) - interfers with cutting/resealing

18
Q

Penicillin G

A

MOA - beta lactam

19
Q

treatment acute proctitis, protocolitis, enteritis, epididymitis

A

ceftriaxone +
doxicycline

20
Q

treatment PID

A

ceftriaxone + doxycycline + metronidazole
or
cefotetan + doxycycline
or
cefoxitin + doxycycline

21
Q

treatment chancroid - haemophilus ducreyi

A

azithromycin, ceftriazone, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin

22
Q

condylomata acuminate - genital warts

A

imiquimod - boosts host immune system, manipulate local inflammation
podofilox - arrests mitosis in metaphase, destabilizes microtubules by binding tubulin, preventing cell division
sinecatechins
cryotherapy, surgery

23
Q

trichomoniasis treatment

A

metronidazole

24
Q

Metronidazole - MOA, Adverse, Interactions

A

MOA - diffuses into the organism, inhibits protein synthesis - loss of helical DNA structure and strand breakage
Adverse - N+V, diarrhoea, abdo pain, glossitis, vertigo
Interactions - ethanol - Disulfram Rx + promotes renal retention lithium - toxicity

25
Q

Fluconazole - MOA

A

MOA - inhibitor fungal CYP450 sterol C-14 alpha-demethylation

26
Q

DRUG
Ceftriaxone

A

Use - gonorrhoea, PID
MOA - inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis
Adverse - diarrhoea, allergic reaction
Interactions - calcium IV solutions –>precipitation, bleeding with anticoagulants

27
Q

DRUG
Penicillin G

A

Use - syphilis, chlamydia, gram (+) infections
MOA - inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis
Adverse - hypersensitivity Rx
Interactions - decrease effectiveness oral contraceptives

28
Q

DRUG
Azithromycin

A

Macrolide
Use - chlamydia, gonorrhoea, PIDMOA - inhibits bacterial protein synthesis, binding 50S ribosomal subunit
Adverse - nausea, diarrhoea, abdo pain, QT prolongation
Interactions - use with antacids - decrease absorption, other QT prolonging drugs

29
Q

DRUG
Doxycycline

A

Use - chlamydia, gonorrhoea, PID
MOA - inhibits bacterial protein synthesis, binding 30S ribosomal subunit
Adverse - nausea, vomiting, photosensitivity, oesophagitis
CI - pregnancy (teratogenic)
Interactions - decrease oral contraceptive use

30
Q

DRUG
Gemifloxacin

A

Fluoroquinolone
Use - atypical pathogens in pelvic infections
MOA - inhibit bacterial DNA gyrase & topoisomerase IV
Adverse - nausea, diarrhoea, headache, QT prolongation

31
Q

DRUG
Acyclovir, Ganciclovir

A

Antiviral
Use - HSV
MOA - inhibits viral DNA polymerase, chain termination
Adverse - nausea, vomiting, headache, nephrotoxicity (ganciclovir)
Interactions - probenecid can increase acyclovir levels

32
Q

DRUG
Foscarnet

A

Antiviral
Use - resistant HSV
MOA - inhibits viral DNA polymerase & HIV reverse transcriptase
Adverse - nephrotoxicity, electrolyte disturbances, seizures
CI - renal impairment

33
Q

DRUG
Metronidazole

A

Antimicrobial
Use - bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis
MOA - disrupts bacterial DNA, inhibits nucleic acid synthesis
Adverse - metallic taste, nausea, peripheral neuropathy
CI - first trimester pregnancy
Interactions - alcohol consumption - Disulfiram-like reaction, anticoagulant effect

34
Q

DRUG
Fluconazole

A

Antifungal
Use - vaginal candidiasis
MOA - inhibit fungal cytochrome P450-dependant enzyme, lanosterol 14-alpha-semethylase
Adverse - nausea, headache, hepatotoxicity
Interactions - drugs metabolised by CYP34A, CYP2C9 can induce toxicity

35
Q

DRUG
Imiquimod

A

Use - genital arts, cervical dysplasia
MOA - stimulates innate immune response, toll-like receptor 7 agonist
Adverse - local skin reaction, flu symptoms

36
Q

DRUG
Acetaminophen

A

Analgesic
Use - pain relief from genital ulcers
MOA - inhibits prostaglandin synthesis in CNS
Adverse - hepatotoxicity
Interactions - increase anticoagulant effect of warfarin

37
Q

DRUG
Ibuprofen

A

NSAID
Use - pain relief from genital ulcers
MOA - nonselective COX inhibitor
Adverse - GIT bleed, renal impairment
Interactions - decrease efficacy antihypertensive drugs

38
Q

DRUG
Moxifloxacin

A

Quinolone antibiotic
Use - PID
MOA - inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase & topoisomerase IV
Adverse - nausea, diarrhoea, QT prolongation

Endo - Meg Deck (11 decks)

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