Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Brain Issues/neuro > Pharm- Seizures And ICP > Flashcards

Pharm- Seizures And ICP Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
The Brain flashcards
1
Q

Hydantoins

A

Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Anticonvulsant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Phenytoin (Dilantin) MOA

A

Inhibits/delays Na channel activation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Phenytoin (Dilantin) - key differentiating features

A
  1. Most common for seizures
  2. Albumin blood work
  3. Phenytoin blood work
  4. Push slow
  5. Purple glove - hard on veins
  6. DM check BS
  7. No alcohol or cns depressant - will decrease LOC
  8. Gingival hyperplasia
  9. Thrombocytopenia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Phenytoin (Dilantin) contraindicated

A
  1. Hypersensitivity
  2. Sinus bradycardia
  3. Heart block (2nd & 3rd)
  4. Pregnant - Teratogenic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Potentiate GABA

A

Barbs: phenobarbital
Benzo: lorazepam
Gabapentin
Valproic acid
Topiramate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Anticonvulsant patient info

A
  1. Adherence is key
  2. Do not suddenly stop- rebound seizures
  3. Risk for depression
  4. Affects BC
  5. Teratogenic - birth defects
  6. No alcohol
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

MOA of anticonvulsants

A
  1. Stop Na influx
  2. Stop Ca influx
  3. Promote K efflux
  4. Antagonize glutamate (excitatory)
  5. Potentiate GABA (inhibitory)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Most common seizure med

A

Hydantoins: phenytoin (Dilantin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Less adverse effects

A

Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Gaba

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Emergency seizure med (rescue)

A

Benzo: lorazepam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Flumazenil

A

Antidote for Lorazapam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Can give to infants

A

Barbs: phenobarbital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Bad for kidneys

A

Levetiracetam (Keppa)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Good for status epilepticus

A

Benzo: Lorazapam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Good for all seizures

A

Valproic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Causes GI upset - give with food

A

Valproic acid

17
Q

Adjunct meds

A

Gabapentin
Topiramate
Keppra

18
Q

Especially no alcohol

A

Topiramate

19
Q

Mannitol drug class

A

Osmotic diuretic

20
Q

Mannitol used for

A

Cerebral edema
Reduce ICP

21
Q

Careful with mannitol for 2 main adverse effects

A
  1. Fluid overload = pulmonary edema
  2. Electrolyte imbalance =dehydration
22
Q

Mannitol monitor for

A
  1. Vitals
  2. Urine output
  3. Dehydration
  4. Fluid overload
  5. Electrolyte imbalance
  6. Neurologic status
  7. Labs - lytes and urea/crreatinine
23
Q

What is MOA for Topiramate (Topamax)

A
  1. block Na and Ca channels
  2. Block glutamate receptors
  3. Potentiate GABA
24
Q

Topiramate (Topamax) key points

A
  1. Highest risk for depression and suicide
  2. adjunct - give with other antiseizure meds
  3. NO alcohol (6 hrs each end)
  4. hyperthermia (hot/sweating)
  5. bicarb is excreted = metabolic acidosis
25
Q

Vaproic acid key points

A
  1. GI upset - give with food
  2. Pancreatitis
  3. Liver issues
  4. Treats ALL major seizure types
  5. well tolerated
26
Q

MOA of valproic acid (Depankene)

A
  1. blocks Na channels
  2. suppress calcium influx
  3. potentiate GABA
27
Q

what is a caution with valproic acid?

A

bleeding disorder and bone marrow suppression

28
Q

Do not mix Dextrose IV solution with this antiseizure med

A

Phenytoin (Dilantin)

29
Q

Carbamazepine (Tegretol) key points

A
  1. causes bone marrow suppression- don’t give to hemophilia patients
  2. If BMS happens - stop med
  3. Avoid grapfruit juice
  4. minimal cognitive effects
  5. Preferred due to less adverse effects
30
Q

Levetiracetam (Keppa) key points

A
  1. bad for kidneys
    - check GU output/creatinine/urea
  2. mild side effects
  3. no LOC affect
31
Q

Lorazapam: Benzo Key points

A
  1. emergency seizure med- IV
  2. Flumazenil - antedote
  3. Good for Status epilepticus
  4. follow the RX dose closely
  5. CNS depression - LOC, RR
  6. very addictive
  7. Short term use
32
Q

What is Lorazapam contraindicated in

A
  1. Sleep apnea
  2. Severe hypotension
33
Q

Phenobarbitol: Barb key points

A
  1. Can give to infants for seizures
  2. 2-3 weeks for therapeutic effects
  3. addictive
  4. CNS depression - LOC, RR
  5. careful with other drug dependence like cocaine
  6. watch for hypotension if given IV
  7. watch for thrombocytopenia
  8. watch for bronchospasm
34
Q

Gabapentin (Neurontin) key points

A
  1. Good for partial seizures (adjunct)
  2. very safe
  3. Elderly - risk for falls
  4. little side effects (except for older adult)
35
Q

What med is good for partial seizures

A

Gabapentin

Brain Issues/neuro (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions