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Pharmacology > Pharm Questions > Flashcards

Pharm Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Classes of antidepressants

A

Tricyclic antidepressants
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
Serotonin and noradrenaline Reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)
Selective Serotonin Reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

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2
Q

Side effects of aminoglycosides

A

Ototoxicity

Nephrotoxicity

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3
Q

Ototoxicity drugs

A

Aminoglycosides
Loop diuretic (e.g. Furosemide)
Chemotherapeutics (e.g. Cisplatin, Carboplatin)

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4
Q

Cephalosporin side effects

A

Hypersensitivity

5% cross-allergenicity with penicillins

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5
Q

Monobactam (aztreonam) coverage

A

Only gram negative aerobes: pseudomonas, H.influenzae, N.meningitidis

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6
Q

Penicillin side effects

A

Hypersensitivity (from urticaria to anaphylactic shock)

Other
Maculopapular rash - amoxicillin
Diarrhoea/pseudomembraneous colitis - ampicillin

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7
Q

CYP inducers

A

P-CRABS: phenytoin, carbamezapine, rifampicin, alcohol (chronic use), barbiturates, St.John’s Wort

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8
Q

CYP inhibitors

A

G-PACMAN: grapefruit, protease inhibitors, Azole antifungals, Cimetidine, Macrolides (except azythromycine), Amiodarone, Non-DHP CCBs

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9
Q

Acyclovir indications

A

HSV, VZV, CMV

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10
Q

Uses of benzodiazepines

A

First line management of seizures, status epilepticus, alcohol withdrawal.

Common choice for sedation during surgery.

Short term treatment of severe anxiety or severe insomnia.

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11
Q

Side affects of antiepileptics

A

Antiepileptic hypersensitivity syndrome, rare but potentially fatal.
Teratogenicity in pregnant women.
Interactions between antiepileptics
Withdrawal - must be done under specialist supervision.

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12
Q

Mechanism of action of antipsychotics

A

Dopamine antagonism

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13
Q

Side effects of dopamine blockade

A

Nigrostriatal - parkinsonian symptoms

Tubuloinfundibular - increased prolactin (dopamine in the inhibitor of prolactin release) = galactorrhea, amenorrhea etc

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14
Q

SSRI side effects

A

Sexual problems - reduced libido, difficulty reaching orgasm

Insomnia, anxiety, nausea

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15
Q

What is neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A

Rare, but life threatening idiosyncratic reaction to neuroleptics (antipsychotics)

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16
Q

Sedatives

A

Benzodiazepines and barbiturates

17
Q

Mechanism of action of antipsychotics

A

Dopamine blockade

18
Q

Dopamine hypothesis of psychosis

A

Excess dopamine is responsible for psychosis e.g. Positive symptoms of schizophrenia, side effects of levodopa treatment in Parkinsons

19
Q

Side effects of typical antipsychotics

A

Extrapyramidal motor symptoms - Parkinson like, tardive dyskinesia.
Increase prolactin

Pharmacology (6 decks)

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