Pharm Principles #1

Question 1

Definition of a ‘Drug’

Answer 1

-any chemical that affects the physiologic processes of a living organism

Question 2

Pharmaceutics

Answer 2

-how dosage forms influence pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics

Question 3

Pharmacokinetics

Answer 3

what the body does to the drug

Question 4

pharmacodynamics

Answer 4

what the drug does to the body

Question 5

Pharmotherapeutics

Answer 5

-the study of drug actions when implementing drug therapy on specific clinical indications to prevent and treat disease
-a more focuses branch of pharmacology

Question 6

Toxicology

Answer 6

-specific to pharmacology, seeks to study the adverse effects of drugs on living organisms

Question 7

Drugs can be classified by ________ ______ or ________ ________

Answer 7

• therapeutic action
  -chemical reaction

Question 8

What is the purpose of a “prototype” drug

Answer 8

-serves as a model for a drug class
-well known adverse effects and mechanism of action
-helpful study technique

Question 9

3 different names a drug can have

Answer 9

-chemical name (describes the drugs chemical composition and molecular structure
-generic name
-trade name

Question 10

Drugs in a Class have similar:

Answer 10

-indications
-mechanism of action
-contraindications and precautions
-interactions
-adverse reactions and side effects

Question 11

Drugs in a Class may differ in:

Answer 11

-dosages and potency (especially between generations)
-time action profile
-availability

Question 12

Drug Classification Schemas

Answer 12

-action on a symptom or conditions (ie antihypertensive)
-action on body system
-chemical nature (ie nitrates)
-chemical action (ie beta blockers)
-prescription category (ie OTC)
-clinical considerations (admin concerns)

Question 13

Generic are generally _____________ but may differ in their bioavailability ( the ability of the drug to reach its target tissue and produce an effect).

Answer 13

cheaper

Question 14

4 Aspects of Pharmacokinetics

Answer 14

1) Absorption (moving across body membrane to circulating fluids
2) Distribution
3) Metabolism (converting drug to a form that is more easily removed from the body)
4) Excretion

Question 15

The ___________ a drug absorbs the __________ the onset of drug action

Answer 15

Faster, faster

Question 16

What can be absorbed faster- Powders or Tablets?

Answer 16

powders

Question 17

Hepatic First Pass effect

Answer 17

-if the drug has to pass through the kidneys first (oral meds) is first metabolized in the liver then into the circulatory system
-slows things down and decrease effect

Question 18

______ blood flow = ______ distribution

Answer 18

-higher
-faster

Question 19

T/ F: Water soluble drugs can readily cross cell membranes.

Answer 19

false- lipophilic ones can, water soluble drugs can only cross a cell membrane by active transport

Question 20

Drugs bound to proteins will circulate in plasma until they are __________ or ____________.

Answer 20

released, displaced

Question 21

T/F:A drug can only be freely distributed to extravascular tissue if it is not bound to protein

Answer 21

TRUE: it is too large to pass through capillary walls if still bound to a protein

Question 22

drug-drug interaction:

Answer 22

when two drugs are administered that both are protein binding drugs—each will compete for albumin sites and the result will be difficult to predict and manage