pharm-pediatrics Flashcards
the following flashcards are going to be about pharmacology medications for children
several hours after administering insulin to a pediatric client, the nurse assess the response to the insulin. which client response is indicative of a hypoglycemia reaction? select all that apply. one, some, or all responses may be correct. (6)
- confusion
- tremors
- anorexia
- anxiety
- hunger
- glycosuria
- diaphoresis
- paresthesias
- confusion
- tremors
- anxiety
- hunger
- diaphoresis
- paresthesias
confusion is the first sign
tremors and anxiety are sympathiecti nervous system responses that occur because of circulating glucose in the brain decreases
hunger, diaphoresis and paresthesias are cholinergic responses to low blood glucose level caused by too much insulin
because glucose is low in hypoglycemia, the renal threshold is not exceed and glycosuria does not occur
which newborn characteristic associated with renal excretion will the nurse consider to ensure safe medication administration? select all that apply. one, some, or all responses may be correct. (3)
- reduced bladder capacity
- renal blood flow
- nephron location
- immature metabolizing
- glomerular filtration rate
- incomplete tubular development
- decreased plasma proteins
- increased total body water
- renal blood flow
- glomerular filtration rate
- incomplete tubular development
in a newborn, medications are excreted more slowly due to the kidneys having a higher resistance to blood flow
the glomerular filtration rate is reduced, partially because of incomplete glumerualr and tubular development of the kidneys
- this also reduces the ability to excrete medications
bladder capacity is not associated with the reduction of renal excretion
nephron is a structural and functional unit of the kidneys
immature metabolizing is a liver problem not kidneys
regarding distribution of medications in the newborn, decreased plasma proteins available to bind with the drug contribute to the meidication staying in the body longer
newborn body is 80 and 50 respectively attribute to increased distrubion of water soluble medications
a child undergoing prolonged steroid therapy takes a cushingoid appearance. the nurse would expect to find which manifestation during futher assessment? select all that apply (4)
- obesity
- truncal obesity
- thin exremtiteis
- increased liner growth
- loss of hair on the body
- decreased blood pressure
- reduced serum sodium levels
- bruising
- obesity
- truncal obesity
- thin
- bruising
obesity is a presenting symptom in the majority of pediatric clients with Cushing syndrome
an increase in appetite results in deposition of fat on the abdomen and trunk
muscle wasting results in thin extremities
increased excretion of calcium causes retardation of linger growth and resulting short satire
increased salt and water retention cause of hypertension and hypernatremia.
thin fragile skin of Cushing can cause easy bruising and purple striae
the nurse is caring for an 8-year old child with acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN0. which mediation would the nurse anticipate incorporating into the plan of care? select all that apply. (2)
- penicillin
- morphine
- ibuprofen
- decussate
- labetalol
- furosemide
- loperamide
- midodrine
- labetelol
- furosemide
when a child has APSGN, they are likely to be hypertensive. so labetalol would be indicated to help reduce the blood pressure
the child is oliguric, meaning they are not peeing, so furosemide, would help increase urine output.
APSGN is a post infection, so penicillin would not be indicated to give
pain is not expected for morphine or ibuprofen would not be needed for this patient
GI problems are usually not present so docusate, a stool softener would not need to be given
midodrine is used to treat hypotension, so it would not be given - instead it would cause more harm because it would increase the already high blood pressure
a child with nephrotic syndrome has been receiving prednisone for 1 week. which information in the Childs record indicates to ht nurse that the medication has been effective?
- increased urine output
- weight loss
- lower blood ph
- reduction of lethargy
- decreased blood pressure
- elevated activity levle
- normalized lipids
- enhanced appetite
- increased urine output
- weight loss
- reduction of lethargy
- elevated activity level
- normalized lipids
- enhanced appetite
children with nephrotic syndrome are grossly edematous - they usually respond with corticosteroids with diuresis within 7-21 days after therapy has started and all that edema weight will be loss.
once the child feels better, the lethargy will decrease and activity will increase
nephrotinic syndrome causes the liver to produce high amounts of cholesterol, which with treatment, should normalize this.
the loss of appetite is a sign, but with an increase appetite with treatment
steroid therapy does not affect blood ph and the blood pressure will not change
laryngotracheobronchitis
- barking cough
adminiters epininpine
- cortistoeriod
respiratory status
oxygenation
