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CSR > Pharm part 5 > Flashcards

Pharm part 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Common indications for paroxetine

A

Depression
Panic d/o
OCD
GAD

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2
Q

MOA of paroxetine

A

SSRI, clinically unrelated to tricyclic, tetracyclic, or other antidepressants
Presumably, the inhibition of serotonin reuptake from brain synapse stimulated serotonin activity in the brain

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3
Q

Common AEs of paroxetine

A 
Nausea
Somnolence
HA
Sexual dysfunction
Dizziness
Asthenia
Wt gain
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4
Q

Renal or hepatic dose adjustments for paroxetine

A

CrCl <30 mL/min: adjustment needed

Severe hepatic impairment: adjustment needed

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5
Q

BBW for paroxetine

A

Increased suicidal thinking and behavior

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6
Q

Clinically sig drug interactions for paroxetine

A

MAOIs

Chronic use with NSAIDs increases risk of GI bleed

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7
Q

Major counseling points for paroxetine

A

May cause drowsiness.
Avoid EtOH while taking this med
Therapy may take up to 2 wks to see improvement
Do not abruptly d/c
Pay close attention to any changes in mood, thought, or feelings such as suicidality

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8
Q

Monitoring parameters of paroxetine

A

Improvement of S/sx of depression/panic/GAD/OCD
Unusual changes in mood
Suicidality

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9
Q

Common indications of clonidine

A

HTN
Opioid detox
Impulse control/ADHD

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10
Q

MOA of clonidine

A

Central pre-synaptic alpha 2 receptor antagonist

Reduces the brain’s adrenergic outflow to decrease BP

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11
Q

Common AEs of clonidine

A 
Drowsiness
Xerostomia
HA
Bradycardia
Rash (transdermal patch)
Dizziness 
Somnolence
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12
Q

Clinically sig drug interactions of clonidine

A

TCAs may cause severe hypotension

Avoid CNS depressants

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13
Q

Major counseling points of clonidine

A

Do not d/c abruptly d/t rebound HTN
Patches are applied on a weekly basis
Patch site must be rotated on a weekly basis

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14
Q

Monitoring parameters of clonidine

A

Decrease in BP

Improvement of S/sx of ADHD/impulse control

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15
Q

Common indications for promethazine

A

Nausea
Motion sickness
Cough

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16
Q

MOA of promethazine

A

Competitively inhibits histamine at the H1 receptor sites, causing spasmolytic and decongestant effects

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17
Q

Common adverse effects of promethazine

A 
Drowsiness
Rash
Nausea
Vomiting
Blurred vision
Dry mouth
Dizziness
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18
Q

BBW of promethazine

A

Do not use in patients younger than 2 years of age – potential for fatal respiratory depression; injection: tissue irritation and damage due to perivascular extravasation

19
Q

Clinically significant drug interactions of promethazine

A

Anticholinergics may decrease effects
CNS depression with EtOH or other CNS depressants
Use with metrizamide may decrease seizure threshold
Barbiturate may decrease actions

20
Q

Major counseling points of promethazine

A

May be taken with food or milk if GI upset occurs
May cause drowsiness
Avoid EtOH while taking this medication
Store in a cool dry place…
If dose is missed, skip it and return to nl dosing schedule- do not double doses
Drink plenty of water

21
Q

Monitoring parameters of promethazine

A

Decrease in N/V

Decreased cough

22
Q

Common indications for alendronate

A

Osteoporosis
Secondary osteoporosis due to glucocorticoids
Pagets disease

23
Q

MOA of alendronate

A

Inhibits bone resorption via actions on osteoclasts or on osteoclast precursors; decreases the rate of bone resorption, leading to an indirect increase in bone mineral density

24
Q

Common adverse effects of alendronate

A 
Hypocalcemia
Hypophosphatemia
Abdominal pain
Diarrhea
Vomiting
25
Q

Renal or hepatic dose adjustments of alendronate

A

Renal: CrCl <35: use not recommended

26
Q

Clinically significant drug interactions of alendronate

A

Antacids must be given 30 minutes after taking alendronate or its serum concentration decreases

27
Q

Major counseling point of alendronate

A

Administer first thing in the morning and ≥30 minutes before the first food, beverage (except plain water), or other medication(s) of the day.
Do not take with mineral water or with other beverages.
Patients should be instructed to stay upright (not to lie down) for at least 30 minutes and until after first food of the day (to reduce esophageal irritation),
Tablets and oral solution must be taken with a minimum of 6 ounces of plain water,
Do not crush or chew tablet.

28
Q

Monitoring parameters of alendronate

A

Increase in bone density

Serum calcium/phosphorous

29
Q

Common indications for allopurinol

A

Gout
Recurrent calcium oxalate stones
Prevention of uric acid nephropathy associated with chemo

30
Q

MOA of allopurinol

A

Competitive inhibition of xanthine oxidase preventing the conversion of hypoxanthine to xanthine to uric acid

31
Q

Common adverse effects of allopurinol

A

Rash
Drowsiness
Abdominal pain
N/V/D

32
Q

Renal or hepatic dose adjustments for allopurinol

A

Renal- CrCl 10-20: 200 mg/day
CrCl 3-10: 100 mg/day
CrCl <3: 100 mg/48 hrs

33
Q

Clinically significant drug interactions of allopurinol

A

Increases the effects and toxicity of mercaptopurine and azathioprine

34
Q

Major counseling points of allopurinol

A

May take 1-2 wks to reach maximum effectiveness
Avoid EtOH while taking this med
Take with lots of fluids

35
Q

Monitoring parameters of allopurinol

A

Decrease in serum acid levels
Frequency of gouty attacks
Pain relief

36
Q

Common indications for enalapril

A

Asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction
Heart failure
Hypertension

37
Q

MOA of enalapril

A

ACEI

38
Q

Common adverse effects of enalapril

A 
Cough
Hyperkalemia
Angioedema
Hypotension
Dizziness
Acute renal insufficiency
39
Q

Renal or hepatic dosage adjustments for enalapril

A

Renal CrCl<30: initiate at 2.5 mg/day, max dose 40mg/day

40
Q

BBW for enalapril

A

Fetal toxicity

41
Q

Drug interactions with enalapril

A

Aliskiren

42
Q

Major counseling points for enalapril

A

Avoid salt substitutes containing potassium.
Report any sign of angioedema
If planning on becoming pregnant immediately inform your physician
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as possible.
If it is closer to the time of your next dose than the dose you missed, skip the missed dose and return to your dosing schedule. Do not double doses.

43
Q

Monitoring of enalapril

A

Decrease in BP
Decrease in S/sx of heart failure
Potassium
SCr

CSR (5 decks)

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