Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharm - NCLEX > Pharm NCLEX > Flashcards

Pharm NCLEX Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
NCLEX-PN® flashcards NCLEX-RN® flashcards
1
Q

Examples of Opioid Narcotics

A 
Morphine
Fentanyl (sublimaze)
hydromorphone (Dilaudid)
Meperdine (demerol)
oxycodone (oxycotin)
hydrocodone (vicodin)
nalbuphine (nubain)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Action of Opioid Narcotics

A

Binds opiate receptors in CNS
decreases sensation of pain
decreases CN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

indications for Opioid Narcotics

A

severe/acute/chronic pain
MI
dyspnea r/t pulmonary edema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

side effects of Opioid Narcotics

A 
impaired judgement
decreased LOC
decreased RR
bradycardia
n/v
constipation
urinary retention
rash/itching
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Non-opioid analgesics examples

A

acetaminophen (tylenol)
tramadol (ultram)
pregabalin (lyrica)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

indication for non-opioid analgesics

A

mild/moderate pain
fever
peripheral neuropathy
fibromyalgia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

side effects of non-opioid analgesics

A 
liver failure
edema
dizzy
drowsy
suicidal thoughts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

nursing interventions for non-opioid analgesics

A

AVOID ALCOHOL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

nursing interventions for opioid narcotics

A

avoid alcohol
OD antagonists = naloxone
withdrawl med = methadone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

examples of Benzodiazepimes (sedative, hypnotic, anxiolytics)

A 
valium (diazepam)
alprazolam (xanax)
flurazepam (ativan)
midazolam (versed)
triazolam (halcion)
chloridaepoxide (librium)
zolpidem (ambien)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

action of Benzos

A

increase GABA in brain

decrease nerve transmission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

indication of Benzos

A 
sedation/sleep
decrease agitation/anxiety
muscle relaxation
impaired sleep
conscius sedation
DTs due to alc withdrawl
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

side effects of Benzos

A 
decrease CNS
increased fall risk
decreased RR
hypotension
constipation/diarrhea
n/v
strange sleep behaviors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

examples of Tricyclic antidepressants (anxiolytics)

A

imipamine (trofranil)
nortiptyline (pamelor)
amitryptyline (elavil)
deipramine (norpramin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

action of Tricyclic antidepressants (anxiolytics)

A

conseres seratonin and norepi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

indication for Tricyclic antidepressants (anxiolytics)

A 
endogenous depression
neuropathic pain
sleep apnea
imipramine
bed wetting
OCD
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

side effects of Tricyclic antidepressants (anxiolytics)

A 
sedation
impotence
cadiac arrhythmias
edema
decreased voiding
tremoors
orthostatic hypotension
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

nurse interventions for benzos

A 
monitor liver fnction
monitor decreased rr
avoid alcohol
addiction
D/C slowly
OD = flumazenil
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

nurse intervetnions for Tricyclic antidepressants (anxiolytics)

A 
OD fatal
suicide precautions
2-6 weeks for full effect
monitor VS
take at night r/t sedation
d/c slowly
dont give with other sedatives
monitor for sun exposure and use sunscreen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

examples of MAOIs (antidepressants)

A 
Phenelzine (nardil)
tranylcypromine (parnate)
rasagiline (Azilect)
selegiline (Eldepryl, Zelapar),
isocarboxazid (Marplan),
phenelzine (Nardil)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

MAOI action

A

inhibits all neurotransmitter breakdown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

MAOI indications

A

depression characterized by increased sleep, decreased hunger, chronic pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

MAOI side effects

A 
HTN crisis w/ tyramine containing foods
photosensitivity
potentiates alcohol
tacycardia
dizziness
insomina
anorexia
blurred vision
drowsiness
nauea
headache
impotence
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

MAOI nurse indications

A

many food/drug interactions
monitor output
may take 3-4 weeks to work
do not take with cns stimulants or OTC cold meds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

examples of selective seratonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) - most common antidepressants

A 
fluoxetine (prozac)
paroxetine (paxil)
sertraline (zoloft)
citalopram (celexa)
escitalopram (lexapro)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

SSRI action

A

conserves seratonin ONLY

no CV effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

SSRI indications

A 
depression
bipolar
obesity
eating disorders
OCD
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

side effects of SSRIs

A

n/v
fatigue
weight increase/decrease
urinary retention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

SSRI nurse interventions

A 
suicidal recautions for 2-3 weeks minimum
may take 4 weeks to take full effect
take in morning
monitor nutrition and fluids
turns urine pink
increased anticoag
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

examples of seratonin norepi reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) - antidepressant

A

duloxetine (cymbalta)

venlafaxine (effexor)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

SNRIs action

A

conserves seratonin & norepi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

indications for SNRIs

A

depression
general anxiety
pain r/t diabetic neuropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

nursing considerations for SNRIs

A

compete with other protein-binding drugs and increase function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

examples of misc antidepressants & mood stabilizers

A

lithium carbonate (eskalith, lithobid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

lithium indications

A

mania

bipolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

lithium nursing considerations

A

increased fall risk
serum target = 0.8-1.2
encourage fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

examples of traditional antipsychotics

A 
thorazine (chlorpromainzine)
low trilafon (perphenazine)
haldol (haloperidol)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

traditional antipsychotics action

A

block dopamine receptors at basal ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

traditional antipsychotics indications

A

acute and chronic psychosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

traditional antipsychotics side effects

A 
akathisia (motor restlessness)
dyskinesia (abnormal voluntary movement)
dystonia (abnormal movement of face/mouth)
parkinson's syndrome
tardive dyskinesias
ortho hypo
constipation
urine retention
photosensitivity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

traditional antipsych nursing interventions

A

check CBC
avoid alcohol and caffeine
slows child growth
use sunscreen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

examples of atypical antipsychotics

A

clozapine (clozaril)
arlpioprazole (abilify)
risperidone (risperidol)
olanzapine (zyprexia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

atypical antipsychotics action

A

blocks dopamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

atypical antipsychotics indications

A

acute/chronic psychosis (bipolar, depression, autism, schitzo, tourettes)
nausea
anorexia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

side effects of atypical antipsychotics

A 
decreased LOC
delerium
ortho hypo
dizziness
photosensitivity
constipation
leukopenia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

atypical antipsychotics nursing interventions

A 
change positions slowly
fall risk
use sunscreen
d/c slowly
monitor liver and kidneys
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

examples of muscle relaxants

A 
cyolobenzaprime (flexeril)
carisoprodol (soma)
mitaxalone (robaxin)
baclofen (lioresal)
dantrolene (dantroium)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

action of muscle relaxants

A

majority act in CNS

some act directly and resemble GABA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

muscle relaxants indications

A

diseases involving muscle spacicity

MS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

side effects of muscle relaxants

A 
euphoria
lightheadedness
dizziness
fatigue
muscle weakness
n/v
decreased LOC
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

muscle relaxant nurse indications

A

high fall risk
long half life
monitor response and adverse reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

examples of anticonvulsant & anti-epileptic

A 
phenytoin (dilantin)
carbamazepine (tegretol)
clonazepam (klonopin)
fosphenytoin (cerebex)
valporic acid (depakote)
phenobarbitol (luminol)
valium (diazepam)
gabapentine (neurontin)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

anticonvulsant & anti-epileptic action

A

decreased flow of calcium and sodium in neurons

decreased CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

anticonvulsant & anti-epileptic indications

A

seizures
convulsions
epillepsy
neuropathic pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

anticonvulsant & anti-epileptic side effects

A 
decreased RR
gingival hyperplasia
decreased LOC
confusion
slurred spech 
ataxia
GI sensitivity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

anticonvulsant & anti-epileptic nurse considerations

A

D/C slowly
monitor I&O
caution w meds that lower seizure threshold (MAOIs, anti-psychs)
take with food
no alcohol
good oral care
* dilantin: slow IV admin to avoid cardiac arrest; turns urine pink; never mix w any other meds only NS; gingivital hyperplasia
* depekote: never drink carbonated beverages!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

examples of anti-parkinsons (anticholinergics)

A

benztropine (cogentin
procyclidine
trihexylphenidyl
dihenhydramine (benadryl)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

action of anti-parkinsons (anticholinergics)

A

blocks ACH and decreases tremors and skeletal muscle response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

anti-parkinsons (anticholinergics) indications

A

parkinsons symptoms: pill rolling, head bobbing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

anti-parkinsons (anticholinergics) side effects

A

decreased emesis
decreased salivation
decreased GI and constipation
decreased mictruration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

anti-parkinsons (anticholinergics) nurse indications

A 
ortho hypo
never D/C quickly
monitor for urinary retetnion
don't take with antacids
take with food
avoid CNS depressants
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

examples of anti-parkinson (dopaminergics)

A 
bromocriptine
pergolide
pramipexole
levodopa
carbidopa (increases fxn of levodopa)
entracapone (decreases dopa breakdown)
selegiline
tolcapone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

side effects of anti-parkinsons (anticholinergics)

A

decreased LOC
dizziness
ataxia
anticholinergic effects(dry mouth, urinary retention, blurry vision)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

examples of topical and local anistetics

A

benzocaine
lidocaine
prilocaine
tetracaine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

action of topical and local anistetics

A

acts on local nerve fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

indication for topical and local anistetics

A

suturing, dental procedures, diagnostic procedures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

examples of NMBDs Neuromuscular blocking drugs

A

pancuronium (pavulon)
succinylcholine
vecuronium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

NMBDs Neuromuscular blocking drugs indications

A

paralyzing effect but patient is conscious
assisted ventilation
minor surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

herbal CNS depressants

A

capsacian/cayene pepper
kava kava
valerian
chamomile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

examples of migraine drugs triptans & ergot alkaloids

A

sumatriptan (imitrex)

migranol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

ADHD med examples

A

amphetamines: Adderall, Dexedrine, Dextrostat, Vyvanse
methamphetamine
methylphenidate: metadate, concerta, daytrana, ritalin, methylin, quillivant, focalin
non-stimulants: atomaxetine (strattera), clonidine (kapvay),guanfacine (intuniv)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

examples of anorexiants (anti-obesity)

A

orlistat (xenical/Alli)

phentermine (lonamin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

action of anorexiants (anti-obesity)

A

orlistat: inhibits lipase/dietary fat uptake
lonamin: enhances metabolism similar to amphetamines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

side effects of anorexians (anti-obesity)

A 
increased BP
uncontrolled HTN
drug abuse
anxiety
headache
GI distruptions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

examples of vasoactive androgenic (pressors & inotropes & chronotropes) - may target alpha, beta or dopamine receptors

A 
dobutamine
dopamine
epinephrine
sphedrine
fenoldopam
norepinephrine
phenylephrine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

action of vasoactive androgenic (pressors & inotropes & chronotropes) - may target alpha, beta or dopamine receptors

A 
response varies by dose
generally: vasoconstriction (pressor)
increased stroke volume  (inotrope)
increased HR (chronotrope)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

indications for vasoactive androgenic (pressors & inotropes & chronotropes) - may target alpha, beta or dopamine receptors

A 
MI
shock
COPD
hypotension
anaphylaxis
HF
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

side effects of vasoactive androgenic (pressors & inotropes & chronotropes) - may target alpha, beta or dopamine receptors

A 
increased BP
headache
excitement
anti-cholinergic
dysrhythmia
HTn
tachycardia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

nursing considerations for vasoactive androgenic (pressors & inotropes & chronotropes) - may target alpha, beta or dopamine receptors

A 
monitor Bp and peripheral pulse
monitor UO
monitor IV for infiltration
tricyclics and MAOIs may cause HTn crisis
antihistamines increase function
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

examples of alpha adronergic blockers

A 
cardura (doxazosin)
phenoocybenzamine 
pazosin
terazosin
phentolamine
tamulosin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

alpha adronergic blockers action

A

arerial and venous dilation

decreased BPH urinary obsruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

alpha adronergic blockers indications

A 
diabetic neuropathy
stroke prevention
HTn
BPH
reverses extravvasation of pressors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

alpha adronergic blockers side effects

A 
reflex tachy
orthostatic HTN
nasal congestion
n/v
dizzy
headache
fatigue
increased edema
84
Q

alpha adronergic blockers nurse interventions

A

give 1st dose at bed to decrease ortho hypo
monitor BUN
monitor weight and edema

85
Q

examples of beta adronergic blockers (b2 and non-selective, vasoactive)

A 
albuterol
formoterol
levabuterol
salmeterol
terbutaline
ephedrine
epinephrine
86
Q

action of beta adronergic blockers (b2 and non-selective, vasoactive)

A

bronchodilation

relaxes uterine muscles

87
Q

indications for beta adronergic blockers (b2 and non-selective, vasoactive)

A

asthma
bronchitis
COPD
stops premature labor

88
Q

side effects of beta adronergic blockers (b2 and non-selective, vasoactive)

A

tachycardia
dysrhythmias
palpitations
anticholinergic effects

89
Q

nurse considerations for beta adronergic blockers (b2 and non-selective, vasoactive)

A

monitor bp & HR

use bronchodilator first

90
Q

examples of beta adrenergic blockers (nonselective & B1)

A 
atenolol
esmolol
metropolol
carvedilol
propanolol
sotalol
91
Q

action of beta adrenergic blockers (nonselective & B1)

A

decreased exciteabikity of heart
decreased o2 consumption
decreased BP, HR and SV

92
Q

indication for beta adrenergic blockers (nonselective & B1)

A 
HTN
angina
SVT
HF
migraines
93
Q

side effects of beta adrenergic blockers (nonselective & B1)

A 
decreased HR
increased HTN
n/v
dizziness
decreased LOC
bronchospasm
vasoconstriction
impotence
94
Q

nurse indications for beta adrenergic blockers (nonselective & B1)

A

report constipation
can mask signs of shock and hypoglycemia
avoid caffeine and alcohol

95
Q

examples of cholinergics

A 
bethanechol
echothiophate
carbachol
pilocarpine
edrophonium
physostigmine
pyridostigmine
doneprazil
galantamine
memantine
ginko
96
Q

action of cholinergics

A

increased parasympathetic response

97
Q

cholinergics indication

A 
decreased GI/Gu motility
glaucoma/intraocular surgery
diagnosed myesthinia gravis
reverse NMBD
anticholinergic OD
alzheimers
98
Q

cholinergic side effects

A 
decreased HR
vasodilation
hypotension
syncope
bronchoconstriction
increaesd GI secretion
increased Gi motility
increased mictration
diaphoresis
abd cramps
n/v
bradycardia
asystole
99
Q

nursing consideratons for cholinergics

A

for OD give atropine
interacts with anticholinergics/antihistamines/androgens
take 30 mins before meals for optimal digestive effect
DO NOT USE with asthma, peptic ulcers, GI/GU obstructions
keep atropine at bedside
improves symptoms but does not cure disease

100
Q

examples of anti-cholinergics

A 
atropine
dicyclomine
glycopyrrolate
oxybutynin
scopalomine
tolterodine
tiotropium
101
Q

action of anti-cholinergics

A

increase dose = increases HR
decreased dose = lowers HR
inhibits action of ACH

102
Q

indication for anti-cholinergics

A 
ACLS
COPD 
asthma
exercise bronchospasms
chronic bronchitis
irritable bowel syndrome
urinary incontinence
acute pancreatitis
preop
motion sickness
103
Q

side effects of anti-cholinergics

A 
change in HR
mydriasis
decreased Gi motility
delirium
urinary retention
decreased secretions
dilates bronchi
104
Q

nurse indications for anticholinergics

A 
OD is fatal - give physostigmine
monitor UP
contraindicated for glaucoma
increases photosensitivity
give 30 mins before meals or 2 hours after
danger of heatstroke
105
Q

examples of centrally acting alpha-2 drugs

A

clonidine

methyldopa

106
Q

action of centrally acting alpha-2 drugs

A

decreased SNS activity in brain

decreased renin from kidneys

107
Q

indications for centrally acting alpha-2 drugs

A

HTN
drug/alcohol withdrawl
preferred for pregnancy but still risky

108
Q

side effects of centrally acting alpha-2 drugs

A

ortho hypo
fatigue
dizziness

109
Q

nursing actions for centrally acting alpha-2 drugs

A 
fall risk
don't stop abruptly 
monitor fluid retention
change position slowly
monitor VS
110
Q

examples of alpha 1 blockers

A

doxazsin
tamulosin
terazosin
pazosin

111
Q

alpha 1 blockers action

A

peripheral vasodilation

112
Q

alpha 1 blockers indications

A

HTN

BPH

113
Q

alpha 1 blockers side effects

A

ortho hypo
fatigue
dizziness

114
Q

alpha 1 blockers nursing considerations

A

monitor BUN, weight and edema

careful moving pts, dizziness

115
Q

beta 1 blocker exaples

A 
nebivolol
propanolol
atenolol
metropolol
esmolol 
labetalol
116
Q

beta 1 blocker action

A

decrease HR
decrease renin
can also cause peripheral vasodilation

117
Q

beta 1 blocker indications

A 
HTN
exertional angina
cardio protective after MI
dysrhythmias
HF
118
Q

beta 1 blocker side effects

A

ortho hypo
fatigue
weakness
bronchoconstriction

119
Q

dual alpha1 & beta 1 blocker examples

A

carvedilol

labetalol

120
Q

dual alpha1 & beta 1 blocker action

A

decrease HR

vasodilation

121
Q

dual alpha1 & beta 1 blocker indication

A

HTN

acute HF

122
Q

dual alpha1 & beta 1 blocker side effects

A

ortho Hypo

123
Q

ACE Inhibitor examples

A 
lisinopril
catopril
benzapril
enalapril
fosinopril
124
Q

ACE Inhibitor action

A

decrease angiotension II (vasodilation)
decrease aldsterone (decrease blood volume)
increases diuresis

125
Q

ACE Inhibitor indications

A

HTN
HF
cardioprotective after an MI
renal protective for diabetics

126
Q

side effects of ACE inhibitors

A 
GI upset
ortho hypo
dizzy
hyperkalemia
fatigue
dry cough
127
Q

Angiotension II receotro blockers (ARB)

A

losartan
esporsartan
valsartan
irbesarton

128
Q

ARB action

A

decrease vasoconstriction

decrease aldosterone

129
Q

ARB indications

A

HTN

HF

130
Q

ARB side effects

A 
ortho hypo
dizzy
resp infection
GI distress
NO COUGH
131
Q

calcium channel bockers examples

A

amlodipine
nifedipine
verapamil
diltiazem

132
Q

calcium channel blocker action

A

coronary and peripheral vasodilation

decreases afterload

133
Q

calcium channel blocker indication

A 
HTn
angina
dysrhythmias
migraines
raynaud's disease
134
Q

calcium channel blocker side effects

A 
ortho hypo
dizzy
GI distress
renal failure
angioedema
constipation
135
Q

examples of direct vasodilators

A

hydralazine
minodixil
sodium nitroprusside

136
Q

action of direct vasodilators

A

relaxes vascular smooth muscle
increases arteriolar vasodilator
decreases afterload
increases venous dillation

137
Q

indication for direct vasodilators

A

HTN

HTN emergency

138
Q

direct vasodilators side effects

A

tachy

increased body hair

139
Q

nitrates & nitrites examples

A

nitroglycerine
isosorbide dinitrate
isosorbide mononitrate

140
Q

nitrates & nitrites action

A

vasodilation particularly coronary arteries

141
Q

nitrates & nitrites indications

A

acute angina
angina prophylactic
decreases BP

142
Q

nitrates & nitrites side effects

A

headache

reflex tachycardia

143
Q

nitrates & nitrites nurse considerations

A

tolderance can build
take drug holiday at night
store in cool/dry place

144
Q

B naturetic peptide drugs

A

nesiritride

give for HF w dyspnea at rest

145
Q

phosphodiesterase inhibitors

A

milrinone
increases SV and vasodilation
used for HF in ICU setting

146
Q

cardiac glycosides

A

digoxin
decreases HR, increases SV, increases perfusion
used for systolic HF, SVT, A fib, dyspnea and cynosis
side effects: colored vision, dysrhythmia, bradycardia
considerations: fiber decreaess fxn, monitor serum level .5-2, apical pulse for 1 minute, notify MD if

147
Q

antidysrhythmics class 1 examples

A 
procainamide
quinidine
lidocaine
flecainide
propafenone
148
Q

antidysrhythmics class 1 action

A

decrease myocardial activity and inhibit calcium impulse

149
Q

antidysrhythmics class 1 indications

A

atrial and ventrical tachy
ventricular fib
artiral fib
life threatening vent dysrhythmia

150
Q

antidysrhythmias type 3 examples

A

amiodarone
ibutilide
doefetilide
sotalol

151
Q

antidysrhythmias type 3 indications

A

SVT
vent dysrhythmias
atrial fib

152
Q

antidysrhythmias type 3 side effects

A

dysrhythmias
headache
chestpain

153
Q

antidysrhythmias class 4/calcium channel blockers examples

A

diltiazem

verapamil

154
Q

antidysrhythmias class 4/calcium channel blockers indications

A

CVA adjunct

a fib

155
Q

antidysrhythmics

A

adenosine

156
Q

adenosine indications

A

SVT
IV push for emergency
10 second half life!

157
Q

examples of anticoagulants

A

heparin
enoxaparin
dalteparin
coumadin/warfarin

158
Q

anticoag actions

A

heparin: blocks conversion of prothrombin
coumadin: interferes w/ synthesis of vit-k - pegnancy catergory D

159
Q

anticoag indication

A

prevent pulm embolism
prevent VTE
prevent CVA
prophylaxis after MI

160
Q

anticoag side effects

A

hematuria, melena, ecchymosis, alopecia

hemmorhage, significant interaction with protein-bound drugs

161
Q

antithrombin drugs

A

argatroban
dabigatran
fondaparinux

162
Q

antiplatelet drugs

A

aspirin
clopidrogel
eptifibatide
dipridamole

163
Q

thromboembolytic drugs

A

aminocaproic
streptokinase
urokinase
tissue plasminogen activator

164
Q

thromboembolytic indications

A

MI
DVT
occlusions of shunts and catheters

165
Q

antilipemic drugs

A 
pavastatin
fluvastatin
rosuvastatin
pitavastatin
gamfibrozil
niacin
garlic
flax
omega 3s
166
Q

antilipemic drug side effects

A

GI upset, rash, headache, myopathy

167
Q

diuretic drugs

A

carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: acetazolamide
LOOP diuretics: furosemide, ethacrynic acid, torsemide
osmotic diuretics: mannitol
potassium sparing diuretics: spirinolactone

168
Q

carbonic anhydrase inhibitor diuretic uses

A

glaucoma
edema
altitude sickness

169
Q

loop diuretic nurse considerations

A

caution with digoxin for toxicity

170
Q

osmotic diuretic uses

A

renal protective
early renal failure
ICP

171
Q

potassium sparing diuretic uses

A

metabolic acidosis
hypertension
hyperaldosteronism
*caution with use with ACE inhibitors and nsaids

172
Q

thiazide diuretics

A

hydrochlorothiazide

metolazone

173
Q

pituitary drugs

A 
octrocide (decreases GH)
somatotropin (mimics endogenous GH)
nutropin 
vasopressin (antidiuretic, mimics ADH)
desmopressin
cosyntropin (releases cortisol from adrenal cortex)
174
Q

thyroid drugs

A

levothyroxine
levothroid
synthroid

175
Q

anti-thyroid drugs

A

propylthiouracil (PTU)

supresses T3 T4

176
Q

insulin , insulin aspart, insulin gluisine

A 
rapid acting
15 minute onset
3-5 hr duration
1-2 hour peak
SQ
use within 15 minutes of meals
177
Q

regular insulin/humalin R

A 
short acting
0.5-1hr onset
lasts 6-10 hours
peak 2-4 hours
used for DKAonly used for IV bolus
178
Q

NPH insulin

A 
intermediate acting
1-2 hour onset
10-18 hour duration
4-10 hour peak
SQ
will be cloudy/opaque
179
Q

long acting insulin

A 
insulin glargren/lantus
insulin detimir 
take once or twice daily
onset 3-4 hours
slow release means no peak
180
Q

metformin

A

decreaes glucose synthesis in liver

first line drug for type 2 DM

181
Q

sulfonylureas

A

increases insulin from pancreas

glipizide, glyburide, glimepride

182
Q

fludrocortisone

A

mineral corticoid
used for addisons/adrenal insufficiencies
monitor glucose and potassiu m

183
Q

glucocorticoids

A 
hydrocortisone
prednisone
methylprednisone
triaminolone
- anti-inflamm immunosupressants
- used for chronic asthma, chronic bronchitis, COPD, exema, GI inflamm, transplants
184
Q

osteoporosis meds

A 
biphosphates
alendronate
ibandronate
risedronate
zoledronic acid
raloxifene
tamoxifen
calcitonin
185
Q

progestins

A

hydroxyprogesterone
medroxyprogesterone
magestrol
levogestrel

186
Q

androgens

A 
oxymetholone
oxandrolone
nandrolone
finasteride
testosterone
187
Q

erectile dysfunction

A

sildenafil
vardenafil
tadalafil

188
Q

sulfonamide abx

A
  • co-trimoxazole, bactrim, septra
  • used for: uti, hiv
  • side effects: sulfa allergy
  • may also be allergic to sulfonylureas
189
Q

penicillins abx

A
  • penicillin G, nafcillin, cloxacillin, amoxicillin
  • used for: gram post bacteria, UTI, skin, eyes, ears
  • cross allergy with cephalosporins
  • monitor liver enzymes, BUN
190
Q

cephalosporins abx

A 
cefazolin
cephalexin
cefoxtin
cefuroxime
ceftriaxone
- take with food re: to GI upset
- cross allergy with PCN
- avoid alcohol
191
Q

macrolides abx

A 
erythromycin
azithromycin
dlarithromycin
fidaxomicin
- used for: influenza, ghonorrhea, chlymydia, c-diff
192
Q

tetracyclines abx

A

demeclocyline
doxycycline
tigecycline
- used for: pneumonia, many resistance bugs, rocky mtn spotted fever, acne
- side effects: discoloration of teeth, photosensitivity, diarrhea, GI upset, rash
- dont take with dairy, use sunblock

193
Q

aminoglycosides

A

amikacin
gentamycin
tobramycin
neomycin
-can be used for MRSA and other resistant bacteria
- side effects: hearing loss, tinnitus, nephrotoxicity

194
Q

quinolones

A

ciprofloxin

levofloxacin

195
Q

metronidazole

A

vre, mrsa

196
Q

antifungals

A

terbinaffine
nystatin
fluconazole

197
Q

NSAIDs

A 
indomethacin
ketorolac
ibuprofin
naprocen
celecoxib
acetylsaliclyc acid
-
198
Q

antigout meds

A

allopurinol
colchicine
probenecid

199
Q

antihistamines

A

diphenhydramine
fexofenidine
loratadine
cetirizine

200
Q

decongestants

A

pseudoephedrine
flunisone
fluctisone

201
Q

antitussives

A

albuterol
metaproterenol
levalbuterol

202
Q

long acting bronchodilators

A 
salmeterol
formoterol
ipratropium
caffeine
theophyline
montelukast
203
Q

rapid acting bronchodilators

A

albuterol
metaproterenol
levalbuterol

204
Q

alpha 1 receptors

A

vasoconstriction

contraction of smooth muscle

205
Q

alpha 2 receptors

A

inhibits release of norepi

206
Q

beta 1 receptors

A

increased heart rate
increased contraction
increased renin release/BP

207
Q

beta 2 receptors

A

bronchodilation

Pharm - NCLEX (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions