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STEP I 2014 > Pharm First Aid Toxicities and Side-Effects > Flashcards

Pharm First Aid Toxicities and Side-Effects Flashcards

1
Q

treatment for Acetominiophen

A

N-acteylcystine (releplenises glutahione)

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2
Q

AChE inhbitors, organophosphates OD

A

atropine followed by pralidoxime

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3
Q

Amphetamine (basic) OD

A

NH4Cl (acidify urine)

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4
Q

antimuscarinics, anticholingeric agents OD

A

physostigme salicylate, control HTN

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5
Q

Benzodiazepine OD

A

flumazenil

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6
Q

beta blocker OD

A

glucagon (glucagon stimulate adenylyl cyclase and increases intracellular cAMP in many different tissues. In the heart this result in increase of heart rate and force of contraction:)

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7
Q

Carbon Monoxide OD

A

100% O2 and Hyperbaric O2

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8
Q

copper, arsenic gold OD

A

penicillamine

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9
Q

cyanide OD

A

nitrite+thiosulfate, hydroxocarbalamin

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10
Q

digitalis OD

A

anti-dig Fab fragments

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11
Q

heparin OD

A

protamine sulfate

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12
Q

iron OD

A

deferoxamine, deferasirox

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13
Q

Lead OD

A

EDTA, dimercaperol, succinmer, penicillamine

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14
Q

Mercury, arsenic gold OD

A

dimercaperol (BAL), succimer

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15
Q

methanol, ethlyene glycol (antifreeze) OD

A

fomepizole >ethanol, dialysis

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16
Q

methemoglobin OD

A

methylene blue, vit C

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17
Q

opiods OD

A

naloxone

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18
Q

salicylates OD

A

NaHCO3 (alkalinize urine), dialysis

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19
Q

TCAs OD

A

NaHCO3 (plasma alkalinization)

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20
Q

tPA, streptokinase, urokinase OD

A

aminocaproic acid

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21
Q

Warfarin OD

A

vit K, plasmis (if active bleeding)

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22
Q

CV: 3 drugs that cause vasospasm

A

cocaine, sumatriptan, ergot alkaloids (bromocriptine)

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23
Q

CV: 4 D that cause cutaneous flushing

A

VANC, vancomycin, adenosine, niacin, Ca2+ channel blockers

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24
Q

CV: 2 drugs that cause dilated cardiomyopathy

A

doxorubicin, danorubicin

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25
Q

CV: 7 Ds that cause torsades de pointes

A

class III (i.e. sotalol), class IA (quinidine) antiarrhythmics, macrolide antibiotics, antipsychotics, TCAs

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26
Q

Endo/Repro: 1 D that causes andrenocortical insufficiency

A

HPA suppression secondary to glucoccorticoid withdrawl

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27
Q

Endo/Repro: 2 D that cause hot flashes

A

tamoxifen, clomiphene

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28
Q

Endo/Repro: 6 D that cause hyperglycemina

A

taking pills necessitates having blood checked

tacrolimus, protease inhbiitors, niacin, HCTZ, beta blockers, corticosteriods

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29
Q

Endo/Repro: 3 Ds that cause hypothyroidism

A

lithium, amiodarone, sulfonamides

30
Q

GI: 1 D that causes acute cholestatic hepattitis

A

erythromycin

31
Q

GI 5 D that cause diarrehea

A

metformin, erythromycin, colchicine, orlistat, acarbose (might excrete colon on accident)

32
Q

GI: 4 drugs that cause focal to massive hepatic necrosis

A

halothane, amanita phalloides (death cap mushroom), valproic acid, aceteaminphen- (Liver HAVAc)

33
Q

GI 1 drug that causes Hepatitis

34
Q

GI: 6 drugs that case pancreatitis

A

Drugs causing a violent abdominal ditress

didanosine, corticosteroids, alcohol, valproic acid, azathioprine, diuretics (furosemides, HCTZ)

35
Q

GI: 3 Ds and 1 bacteria that cause pseudomembraneous colitis

A

clindamycin, ampicillin, cephalsporins- antibiotics predispose to superinfection by resistance c. difficile

36
Q

Heme: 6 Ds that cause agranulocytosis

A

Drugs CCCrush, Myeloblasts, and Promyelocytes

dapsone, clozapine, carbamazepine, colchicine, methimazole, propylthiouracil

37
Q

Heme: 6 Ds that cause aplastic anemia

A

can’t make new blood cells properly

carbamazepine, methimazole, NSAIDs, benzene, chloramphenicol, propylthiouracil

38
Q

Heme: 2 Ds that cause direct-coombs positive hemolytic anemia

A

methyldopa, penicillin

39
Q

Heme: 1 D that causes gray baby syndrome

A

chloramphenicol

40
Q

Heme: 7 Ds that cause hemolysis in G6PD def

A

Hemolysis IS D PAIN

INH, sulfonamides, dapsone, primaquine, asprin, ibuprofen, nitrofurantoin

41
Q

Heme: 3 Ds that causes megaloblastic anemia

A

having a blast with PMS

phenytoin, methotrexate, sulfa drugs

42
Q

Heme: 2 Ds that cause thrombocytopenia

A

heparine, cimetidine

43
Q

Heme: 2 Ds that cause thrombotic compications

A

OCPs (estrogen)

44
Q

Neuro: 2 Ds that cause cinchonism

A

quinidine, quinine

45
Q

Neuro: 3 Ds that cause Parkinson like syndrome

A

cogwheel rigidity of ARM

antipsychotics, reserpine, metoclopramide

46
Q

Neuro: 6 drugs that cause seizures

A

with seizures I BITE My toungue

INH (vit B6 def), bupropin, imipenem/cilastatin, tramadol, enflurane, metclopramide

47
Q

Neuro: 2 Ds that cause tardive dsykinesia

A

antipsychotics, metoclopramide

48
Q

Musculo/Skin/Connective Tissue: name 2 agents take can cause fat redistribution

A

protease inhibitors, glucocorticoids (Fat PiG)

49
Q

M/S/C: name 4 drugs that can cause gingival hyperplasia

A

phenytoin, verpamil, cyclosporine, nifedipine

50
Q

M/S/C: name 5 drugs that can cause hyperuricemia (gout)

A

Painful Tophi and Feet Need Care

Pyrazinamide, Thiazides, Furosemide, Niacin, Cyclosporine

51
Q

M/S/C: 8 drugs that can cause myopathy

A

fibrates, niacin, colchicine, hydroxychloroquine, interferon-alpha, penicillamine, statins, glucocorticoids

52
Q

M/S/C: 3 drugs that can cause osteoporosis

A

corticosteroids, heparin

53
Q

M/S/C: name 4 drugs that can cause photosensitivity

A

SAT For Photo

Sulfonamides, Amiodarone, Tetracyclines, 5-FU

54
Q

M/S/C: name 9 rugs that can cause rash Steven-Johnson Syndrome

A

Steven Johnson has epileptic Allergy to Sulfa drugs and Penicillin
anti-epileptic drugs (ethosuximide, carbamezapine, lamotrigine, phenytoin, phenobarbital) Allopurinol, Sulfa drugs, Penicillin

55
Q

M/S/C: 6 drugs that can cause SLE-like syndrome

A

having lupus is SHIPP-E

sulfa drugs, hydrazaline, INH, Procainamide, Phenytoin, Etanercept

56
Q

M/S/C: drug that causes teeth discoloration

A

tetracycline

57
Q

M/S/C: drug that can lead to tendonitis, tendon rupture, and cartilage damage

A

fluoroquinolones

58
Q

renal/GI: name 2 drugs that can diabetes insipidus

A

lithiiium, demeclocyline

59
Q

renal/GI: name 1 drug that can cause Fanconi syndrome

A

expired tetracycline

60
Q

renal/GI: name 2 drugs that can cause hemorrhagic cystitis, how to you prevent it?

A

cyclophosphamide, and ifosfamide. give mensa

61
Q

renal/GI: name 3 drugs that cause interstitial nephritis

A

methicillin, NSAIDs, furoseminde

62
Q

renal/GI: 3 drugs that cause SIADH

A

can’t concentration serum sodium

Carbamezepine, Cyclophosphamide, SSRIs

63
Q

pul: 1 drug that causes dry cough

A

ACE inhbitors

64
Q

pul: 4 drugs that cause pulmonary fibrosis

A

breathing air badly form medications

bleomycin, amiodarone, busulfan, methotrexate

65
Q

multiorgan: name 4 drugs that cause antimuscarinic

A

atropine, TCAs, H1-blockers, antipsychotics

66
Q

multiorgan: 5 drugs that can cause disulfarin-like reaction

A

metronidazole, certain cephalopsorins, griseofulvin, procarbazine, 1st line sulfonyureas

67
Q

multiorgran: 4 drugs that cause nephrotoxicity/otoxicity

A

aminoglycosides, vancomyocin, loop diuretics, cisplatin

68
Q

P-450 inducers

A

chronic alcohol abuse, modafinil, St.John’s wort, phenytoin, phenobarbital, nevirapine, rifampin, griseofulvin, carabamazepine. Chronic alcholic Mona Steals Phen-Phen and Never Refuses Greasy, Carbs.

69
Q

P-450 Substrates

A

anti-epileptics, antidepressants, antipsychotics, anesthetics, theophyliine, warfain, statins, OCPs
Always, Always, Always, Always, Think When Starting Overs

70
Q

P-450 inhibitors

A

acute alcohol abuse, gemfibrozil, ciprofloxacin, isoniazid, grapefruit juice, quinidine, amiodarone, ketoconazole, macrolides, sulfonamides, cimetidine, ritonavir,
A cute Gentleman “Cipped” Iced grapefruit juice quickly And Kept Munching On Soft Cinammon Rolls

71
Q

Name 8 sulfa drugs

A

Probenecid, Furosemide, Acetazolamide, Celecoxib, Thiazides, Sulfonamide antibiotics, Sulfasalazine, Sulfonylureas Popular FACTSSS

72
Q

pts with sulfa allergies may develop 7 symptoms (severity of symptoms)

A

fever, urinary tract infection, Steven-Johnson Syndrome, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, and urticaria (hives)
range from mild to life threatening

STEP I 2014 (14 decks)

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