pharm final study guide

Question 1

Standing order

Answer 1

drug given until discontinued

Question 2

single order

Answer 2

onetime order given at a specific time

Question 3

emergency/ stat order

Answer 3

onetime order given immediately

Question 4

diffusion

Answer 4

substances that move from high to low concentration

Question 5

osmosis

Answer 5

diffusion of liquid from thicker to thinner concentration -dialysis

Question 6

filtration

Answer 6

passage of substance through a filter

Question 7

adverse effects of hormonal contraception

Answer 7

blood clot, dvt, pulmonary embolism, mi stroke

Question 8

gonad hormone (m & f)

Question 9

steroids interfere with ____ & cause:

Answer 9

anticoagulants
edema & hiritism

Question 10

glaucoma

Answer 10

irreversible; too much intraocular pressure- can cause blindness if untreated

Question 11

aminoglycosides

Answer 11

(mycin)- nephro and ototoxic - check BUN levels

Question 12

osteoporosis is

Answer 12

a disease of the bones causing them to weaken and break.
-occurs due to leakage causing lack of calcium, causing bones to be demineralized.
-to avoid, Calcium & vitamin D are needed

Question 13

osteoporosis is most fnd in…..

Answer 13

asian & caucasian women

Question 14

What are the subq injection sites:

Answer 14

thigh, abd, upperarm,
be sure to rotate sites

Question 15

type 1 diabetes

Answer 15

diagnosed as a child, pancreas does not produce enough insulin, autoimmune

Question 16

type 2 diabetes

Answer 16

diagnosed as adult, insulin resistant, chronic, does not use insulin effectively, not well controlled

Question 17

non insulin for type 2

Question 18

glp- glucagon like peptide

Answer 18

hormone that helps regulate bs and weight loss

Question 19

Adverse effects of glp

Answer 19

rash or hives

Question 20

amylin analog-
noninsulin

Answer 20

hormone secreted by the pancreas that helps regulate blood sugar and signals the brain to feel full.
used to treat type 1 and type 2 diabetes

Question 21

adverse effects of amylin analog
noninsulin

Answer 21

causes severe hypoglycemia and interferes with many drugs

Question 22

dpp4-
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor
noninsulin

Answer 22

enzyme that plays a role in the regulation of glucose and the immune system
-regulates body metabolism

Question 23

dpp4 adverse effects

Answer 23

only med with nasopharyngitis, angioedema, skin toxicity, hypoglycemia

Question 24

sodium glucose

Answer 24

prevents kidneys from reabsorbing glucose rather than building back into blood

Question 25

fasting glucose range

Answer 25

70-90

Question 25

sodium glucose adverse effects

Answer 25

angioedema, high respiratory, yeast infections, uti

Question 26

warfarin

Answer 26

check i&r labs

Question 27

mao-b

Answer 27

avoid tyramine foods (avacados, fish, cheese, cured meats, bananas, figs, beer,wine,raisins

Question 28

for mao-b always report….

Answer 28

s/s of hypertension

Question 29

Adjuvant therapy

Answer 29

add on therapy- additional

Question 30

what happens to the body w/out dopamine?

Answer 30

ridged and jerky movements

Question 31

When administering a nitro pack you should…

Answer 31

wear gloves

Question 32

extravasation

Answer 32

tissue damage due to leaking of substance

Question 33

carcinogen

Answer 33

damage to the dna of cells leading to cancer cells

Question 34

benzo do’s and dont’s

Answer 34

1/2 life, dont operate machinery, taper the med dont abruptly come off of it, not intended for everyday use.

Question 35

what are benzos used for?

Answer 35

insomnia, anxiety, and seizures

Question 36

safety precautions for a patient on benzos and adverse effects

Answer 36

no driving or operating machinery,
may cause drowsiness, falls, resp depression, and altered mental stat

Question 37

MS - multiple sclerosis

Answer 37

myelin sheath is being destroyed
(ascending) legs to chest

Question 38

ALS-

Answer 38

fatal neurodegenerative disease, problems swallowing, eating (descending) head to feet

Question 39

what is lithium used for?

Answer 39

bipolar disorder

Question 40

what disease lacks dopamine

Answer 40

parkinsons disease

Question 41

Adverse effects of hormonal contraception

Answer 41

blood clot, dvt, pulmonary embolism, mi stroke

Question 42

What is the one med to treat ALS?

Answer 42

rizulo (delays symptoms by 3 months)

Question 43

what is gout?

Question 44

what are the side effects of penicillin

Answer 44

diarrhea, and loose stool

Question 45

menopause

Question 46

steroids interfere with_____

Answer 46

anticoagulants

Question 47

antihistamines

Answer 47

reduce inflammation, stops runny nose, dries out

Question 48

adverse effects of antihistamines

Answer 48

confusion, dizziness

Question 49

hypothyroid side effects

Answer 49

tiredness, weight gain, low vitals (bp/hr/rr)

Question 50

hyperthyroid side effects

Answer 50

energy without need for sleep, weight loss

Question 51

Adverse effects of hypo and hyperthyroidism

Answer 51

irregular or brady/tachycardia, dry flaky skin, osteoporosis

Question 52

graves disease

Answer 52

autoimmune disorder that causes the thyroid gland to produce too much thyroid hormone

Question 53

methimazole and propylthiouracil are what kind of drugs?

Answer 53

thyroid

Question 54

s/s of graves disease

Answer 54

Bulging eyes
Fast or irregular heartbeat
Increased sweating

Question 55

When the adrenal gland is not working properly patient is at risk for what ?

Answer 55

cushings syndrome

Question 56

gonadotrophins

Answer 56

releasing hormone for m & f
assist the body in its development stage

Question 56

antibiotics- narrow spectrum

Answer 56

only will kill a few organisms

Question 57

antibiotics- broad spectrum

Answer 57

used to kill many organisms

Question 57

what drug to give to help the s/s of withdrawl

Answer 57

metronidazole