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Pharm II > Pharm Exam 3 Review > Flashcards

Pharm Exam 3 Review Flashcards

1
Q

What are the combo hypertension medications?

A

ACEI/ ARB+ Thiazide
or
ACEI/ARB+ CCB

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2
Q

First line monotherapy for htn for african americans?

A

CCB or Thiazide

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3
Q

What are the benefits of aceis and arbs?

A

-decrease bp
-reduce plaque

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4
Q

What medications can increase HDL?

A

-statin
-niacin
fibrates

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5
Q

BP goal for most pts with htn?Who would this BP not apply to?

A

130/80
elderly

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6
Q

Initial txt for stage 1 HTN in a pt that does not have any risk factors (known ASCVD score)?

A

lifestyle modifications

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7
Q

Once pts with HTN have one risk factor start what?

A

monotherapy

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8
Q

What pts are higher risk of developing SAMS?

A

-Female
-low BMI
-older
-heavy exercise
-dehydration
-hypothyrodism
- renal dysfunction
- drug interactions

“tiny female marathon runner”

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9
Q

What would do for a pt with SAMS/

A

switch hydrophilic statin therapy
lower dose

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10
Q

medications that can cause 2ndry htn?

A

-NSAIDS
-ESTROGEN
-steroids
-antipsychotics
-atidepressants
-stimulants

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11
Q

What drug combos are the best at decreasing cardiovascular mortality rates?

A

acei or arb + ccb
or
acei or arb + thaizide

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11
Q

What is the first line treatment for htn?

A

acei, arb, ccb, thiazide/ diuretics

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12
Q

HTN emergency txt?

A

IV esmolol or nitroprusside or nicardipne or labetolo

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13
Q

Which pts do you want to rapidly decrease BP?

A

-aortic dissection
-hemorrhagic stroke
-preeclampsia
-pheochromocytoma

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14
Q

How long to decrease HTN emergency?

A

24-48 hrs

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15
Q

Stage 2 HTN txt?

A

depends if you need to decrase the SBP by 10 or 20.. determins mono or dual therapy

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16
Q

1st line pharm txt hypertriglyceridemia (<500)?

A

statins, lifestyle modifications

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17
Q

1st line txt for all HTN patients?

A
  • dash diet (most effective)
  • weight loss
  • mediterranean diet
  • aerobic activit (90-120 mins)
  • salt intake (<1200)
  • potassium intake (3500-5000)
  • reduce ETOH intake
  • DM management
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18
Q

HTN urgency?

A

180/120
w/o organ damage

19
Q

S/S of HTN emergency?

A

-hypertensice encephalopathy
-confusion
-acute kidney failure
-unstable angina
-dissecting aortic aneurysm
-intracranial hemorrhage

20
Q

At what age do you start screening for HTN?

21
Q

What HTN drugs can cause leukocyte reaction?

A

-hydralazine

22
Q

What agens are bile acid sequestrants?

A

-cholestyramine
-colestipol
-colesevelam

23
Q

why are bile acid sequestrants not used much?

A
  • constipation, GI upset
24
Strategies ofr txt of HTN?
A, B, C chart
25
Which thiazide is recommended as first line diuretic/ thiazide for HTN?
Chlorthiadone bc it showed some cardiovascular benefit
26
Main reason clonidine is not frequently used?
Rebound HTN
27
Which vasodilator cause cyanide poisoning? What influences this
Nitroprusside duration and renal function
28
First HTN drug for pts w/ HErEF?
Beta Blocker (metoprolol succinate, bispropolol, carvedilol)
29
First line for pt w/ HTN and DM?
albumin - acei or arb no albumin - any first line agent
29
First line for HTN w/ CKD?
acei or arb
30
what HTN drugs are safe in pregancy?
- labetalol - first line - methyldopa - nifedipine
31
First line HTN for BPH?
alpha blocker agonist
32
First line monotherapy HTN for AA?
CCB or thiazide
33
HTN urgency txt?
either increase dose of current med or if maxed out add oral captopril or clonidine
34
What are the high intensity statins?
Rosuvastain - 20-40 Atorvastatin - 40-80
35
What are they hydrophilic statins?
Rosuvatstin pravastatin fluvastatin
36
Moderate intensity statins?
rosuvastatin 5-10 atorvastatin 10-20 simvastatin 20-40 pravastatin 40-80 lovastatin 40
37
What is the txt for pts w/ NO hx of cardiovascular event with LDL of > 190?
high intensity statin
38
What is the LDL goal for primary preventon for HLD pts?
LDL <100 50% reduction
39
40-75 y/o pts w/o DM but have ASCVD > 20%?how about <20%?
high intensity statin moderate intensity statin
40
Primary prevention for ALL pts w/ DM regardless of HLD diagnosis?
moderate intensity statin
41
Secoundary prevention (hx of cardiovascular events) txt?
high intensity statin
42
Goal of LDL for secondary prevention?
LDL< 70
43
What do you add if you max out of statin and still not at LDL goal?
add ezetimibe
44
How often should cholestrol be checked on all HLD pts?
4-12 weeks

Pharm II (14 decks)

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