Pharm Exam 3

Question 1

A patient is taking propranolol and has diabetes. What are the major concerns?

Answer 1

Propranolol can mask symptoms of diabetes

Question 2

True or false: a pt with Primary HTN will need to take lifelong antihypertensives:

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Which electrolyte is most important to assess prior to starting an ACE inhibitor

Answer 3

Potassium. Hyperkalemia is a problem with ACE inhibitors

Question 4

Pregnant women should never take:

Answer 4

ACE inhibitors

Question 5

True or false: Beta blockers are safe to take for a patient with a diagnosed AV block:

Answer 5

False. BB will worsen an AV block!!

Question 6

Which of the following endings is relates to ACE inhibitors?

• pril
• lol
• sartan

Answer 6

-pril. think lisinopril

Question 7

What drug has the ending -sartan?

Answer 7

ARBS. Think Losartan

Question 8

Nitropress can cause toxic levels of ___

Answer 8

thiocyanate.

Question 9

A patient taking both a beta blocker and a diuretic may experience:

Answer 9

Significant hypotension. They both lower your BP

Question 10

If your patient is taking an ARB or ACE inhibitor, you want to educate them on:

Answer 10

Signs of orthostatic hypotension

Question 11

Major concerns of an ACE inhibitor is:

Answer 11

persistent dry cough and hyperkalemia

Question 12

Which of the following medication may rarely cause angioedema:

Answer 12

Losartan. ARBS rarely cause angioedema compared to ACEs

Question 13

If a pt is taking Propranolol (beta blocker) and Nifedipine (calcium channel blocker. Check this), we should monitor

Answer 13

Heart rate for bradycardia.

Because they both lower the HR

Question 14

Prior to administering Nitropress, we need to check the:

Answer 14

Blood pressure!! It is extremely potent

Question 15

The nurse educated the pt that experiencing flushing and severe headaches after taking nitro is a:

Answer 15

Common transient side effect.

Question 16

A pt has a severe peanut allergy. The provider orders propranolol ER 60mg. Would you question the order?

Answer 16

Yes, BB blocks epinephrine and this could be fatal in an allergic reaction.

Question 17

Amlodipine (dihydropyridines) is known to cause:

Answer 17

reflex tachycardia

Question 18

Prior to adminstering Digoxin to a pt with afib, the nurse should:

Answer 18

Take an apical pulse for 60 seconds.

Question 19

Toxicity from Lasix (furosemide) is known to cause:

Answer 19

Ototoxicity. Tinnitus.

Question 20

The nurse knows that a pt who takes lasix loop diuretic is at risk for.

Answer 20

Hypokalemia. It is not potassium sparing, it pushes everything out.

Question 21

The nurse will hold propranolol if the pt’s systolic BP is below:

Answer 21

90

Question 22

The nurse will hold propranolol if the patient’s HR is below:

Answer 22

60

Think normal heart rate.

Question 23

A pt taking an ACE inhibitor and spironolactone is at risk for:

Answer 23

Hyperkalemia. Both are potassium sparing agents.

Spironolactone is a potassium sparing diuretic, so it holds K in the body. It prevents your body from absorbing too much salt and keeps your potassium levels from getting too low.

ACE inhibitor = hyperkalemia.

Question 24

True or false: Chlorothiazide is contraindicated in pts with a Sulfa allergy

Answer 24

True

Question 25

Lactulose is used to reduce ammonia levels:

Answer 25

True. Liver problems can cause high ammonia levels. Will need to take Lactulose in the hospital.

Question 26

True or False: The positive inotropic action of digoxin improves symptoms such as edema and SOB:

Answer 26

True. If the heart beats less efficiently, heart failure.

Question 27

Which diuretic decreases ICP:

Answer 27

Osmotic

Question 28

Which of the following indicates Digoxin toxicity:

Answer 28

Yellow halos around lights.

Question 29

What happens with low dose activation of dopamine receptors?

Answer 29

Dilates renal blood vessels.

Question 30

If a patient has a low GFR, then the following medication class would not be beneficial:

Answer 30

Thiazide diuretics.

Question 31

True or false: A pt taking a combo of digoxin and lasix is not at risk for dysrhythmias:

Answer 31

False, they ARE at risk for dysrhythmias. Digoxin can cause toxicity. Lasix pushes things out of body, lowers BP, K+ and Mg+. Digoxin toxicity= neurological, and is common due to the small therapeutic window.

Question 32

-parin is associated with anticoagulants

Answer 32

True

Question 33

Which of the following endings is associated with HMG CoA reductase inhibitors?

Answer 33

-Statin

They work on cholesterol/triglycerides

Question 34

The risk of serious bleeding is associated with

Answer 34

Thrombolytics

Question 35

Which of the following would be a meal high in Vitamin K

Answer 35

wheat sandwich loaded with spinach with a side of broccoli and cabbage. KNOW ALL OF THESE.

Not corn, no sweet potatoes

Question 36

Which of the following patients would Warfarin be contraindicated for?

Answer 36

A 31 year old woman who is preggers.

Question 37

The nurse educates the patient to stop aspirin ____ days before a major surgery.

Answer 37

7 days

Question 38

A therapeutic INR would be….

Answer 38

2.5

Therapeutic range is 2-3.

Question 39

Bile-acid sequestrates are known to inhibit absorption of ___

Answer 39

Vitamin A, D, E and K

KNOW THIS !!!! :)

Question 40

The nurse knows that statins are used for blood pressure true or false

Answer 40

False. Statins are used for cholesterol/triglycerides.

Question 41

What time of day should a stain be administered

Answer 41

Evening.

Review this to understand why. Some statins work best when they’re taken at night. This is because the cholesterol-making enzyme is more active at night.

Question 42

Gemfibrozil (Lopid) is known to treat ____

Answer 42

High triglycerides

Question 43

Cholesterol screenings should be administered every ____

Answer 43

5 years

Unless you’re on a med or have high cholesterol

Question 44

A common side effect of niacin is…..

Answer 44

facial flushing

Question 45

Aspirin can reduce facial flushing by niacin

Answer 45

True.

On niacin, adjunct med is aspirin to prevent it.

Question 46

SQ heparin admin. sites need to be rotated frequently in the lower abdomen.

Answer 46

True.

2 inches from umbilicus. Rotate site frequently.

Question 47

Which of the following symptoms in a pt taking a statin should cause the nurse to be concerned?

Answer 47

Muscle tenderness.

Most concerning bc indication of a significant adverse effect.

Question 48

Lovaza (omega 3 fatty acids) reduces ____

Answer 48

triglycerides

Increase HDL (good thing), decrease triglycerides.

Question 49

True or False: Statins are appropriate for patients with hepatitis

Answer 49

False

Contraindication.

Question 50

Psyllium (metamucil) is _____

Answer 50

bulk forming laxative which helps to improve fecal size.

Used for constipation

Question 51

True or False: Milk of Mag is contraindicated in renal disease

Answer 51

True!

Question 52

Ezetimibe (Zetia) blocks the absorption of biliary/dietary cholesterol

Answer 52

True. That is is purpose

Question 53

Therapeutic aPTT levels should be ___x the control value

Answer 53

1.5-2x

Question 54

True or False: Heparin assists antithrombin to activate clotting factors

Answer 54

False

Question 55

Which of the following is the antidote to a heparin overdose

Answer 55

Protamine sulfate

What is the AD for warfarin? Vitamin K

Question 56

Warfarin works by interfering with ___

Answer 56

Vitamin K dependent clotting factors in the liver

Liver=blood and metabolism and platelets

Question 57

What allergy do you want to monitor for if the patient is getting a thiazide diuretic?

Answer 57

Sulfonamide